Krinum garden: how to plant in open ground

If you don’t know how to diversify the flower bed in your garden plot, then take a closer look at the crinum plant. It is not common in central Russia, has a unique appearance, and will become a real pearl of your flowerbed. If you have never seen crinum before, then it’s time to correct this mistake and plant a flower on your property.

Historical information about krinum

The crinum plant belongs to the amaryllis family. This flower rightfully belongs to the bulbous genus. By their nature, crinums grew in the tropics and subtropics, so they were accustomed to excessive humidity, high temperatures, and fertile soils. Therefore, when planting it, you need to look for the most favorable soils that were previously flooded. Krinum can be found on the sea coast, along the banks of rivers and swamps.

Most types of crinum can be found in South Africa, as the temperature and climate are most favorable for this flower. Crinum comes from the Latin word for hair. This word emphasizes the appearance of the plant.

Crinum has elongated, flowing petals that vaguely resemble long locks of hair. Growing crinum bulbous in the garden is a rare experience, but an interesting one.

General characteristics

Shallot variety description, photo, cultivation and care photo
All crinums have common characteristics. They are distinguished by long ribbon-shaped leaves in aquatic species and lanceolate leaves in terrestrial species, which, when damaged, release a lot of mucus enriched with alkaloids. The flowers of these plants are large, they can be white, yellow, pink and purple, the inflorescence is an umbrella, the length of the stem is 1 meter. The bulbs have many scales. Terrestrial species are distinguished by compaction at the bottom of the stem; in aquatic species it is not very pronounced. The root system is powerful: the roots branch weakly, have a brown or white color, which depends on the soil and growing conditions.

They can reproduce in the walls of the aquarium vegetatively, but at a water level of 50 cm they easily bloom. Adult bushes of the plant produce daughter shoots inside or near the mother bulb. Daughter shoots grow slowly; they can be separated from the mother plant after the appearance of 5 or 7 leaves and 2-3 roots. If you separate them early, they will die or their development will be slow.

Admire the aquarium with wavy crinum.

Due to their powerful roots, crinums can grow in a soil layer of at least 8 cm, the permissible level is 10 cm, otherwise the plants will silt heavily in the lower layers. You should not silt the soil; it is advisable to add a little activated carbon under the roots, which will save them from rotting and death. As a top dressing, you can apply specially prepared fertilizers for aquarium crinum species.

Wavy crinum, or Crinum Calamistratum

Crinum wavy is an aquarium species of the Crinum plant, which was brought to our latitudes from the African country of Cameroon. The bulb is weakly expressed, its diameter is 3 cm. Crinum wavy is characterized by dark green leaves, which have a rigid and at the same time fragile structure, similar to a corrugated one. The leaf blades have a powerful central vein, the sides of the leaves are wavy, up to 2 cm and 0.5-0.7 cm wide. Adult bushes have about 30-40 leaves.

This appearance of the plant does not make it easier to maintain. The fact is that leaf plates of such a structure quickly become overgrown with algal bloom and attract the remains of dirt and turbidity to their wavy sides. The development of the process causes the appearance of aquarium parasites, which will later have to be removed. To prevent algae from “sticking” too much to the leaves of crinum, you need to keep fish or snails in the tank, which like to collect algae fouling. For example, coil snails, Siamese algae eaters, Ancistrus, Labeo, Palcioringi, Herinocheilus.

Look how the crinum wavy blooms.

Strong filtration and regular replacement of water with fresh water will reduce the growth of algae. You need to update 25-30% of the water weekly. You also need to feed the fish properly. It is not recommended to keep fish in an aquarium that muddy the water and dig up the soil. Neocardina shrimp will also help remove fouling from leaves. The composition of the water is also important: the water temperature for keeping Crinum Calamistratum is from 20 to 25 degrees Celsius. Crinum Calamistratum is an unpretentious plant that gets along well with other types of underwater flora and does not interfere with the development of neighboring plants.

Among crinums it is considered the most prolific species. In good maintenance conditions, the bush can bear more than 20 daughter plants. Reproduction occurs in adulthood. Daughter shoots appear on the main bulb, which can later be separated after the roots have grown on the smaller bulbs. It is advisable to plant Crinum Calamistratum in a spacious tank where the water level is high, since the leaves can grow up to 1 meter in length. From an aquascape design point of view, this plant looks great against the side wall; it can be set 5-7 cm away from the front glass.

Plant characteristics

Crinum, regardless of the type, has bulbs that are quite large in volume. Their diameter reaches even up to 25 centimeters. At the same time, the neck extends into the ground up to ten centimeters. I can’t even believe that such miniature flowers grow from these giants.

Krinum leaves also grow quite well, especially in pleasant climatic conditions. The root system can reach one and a half meters.

When the leaves are still very young, they can spontaneously curl into a tube. This helps to hide the leaves from direct sunlight, which means protecting them from burning. Crinum can be easily distinguished from other flowers of the amaryllis family. The peduncle attracts attention. It is quite voluminous and has an umbrella type. Its inflorescences are white, but there are varieties with a milky tint or ivory color. Pink tones are much less common.

The fruit of this plant is small and is a seed capsule. The seeds themselves are quite large and contain a large percentage of moisture in the shell. This allows the seeds to remain in the ground for a long time and germinate only when conditions become favorable.

Krinum is a decoration for a room and any flower bed. However, in the conditions of central Russia, crinum grows very difficult. Therefore, the task of every gardener is to create the necessary conditions for it, as a result of which the plant will give vigorous growth and good color.

Krinum

All about crinums in the aquarium
Krinum (lat. Crinum) is a genus of bulbous plants of the Amaryllidaceae family. Perennial herbaceous plants. Crinum differs from other amaryllis primarily in its large size, although there are also small plants among the representatives of the genus.

Crinum bulb with long or short neck. Many species form a false trunk from the base of the leaves, ending in a fan of leaf blades.

The leaves are numerous, long - up to 1 m, linear-lanceolate, belt-shaped. Unlike other amaryllis, the young leaves of crinums are not flat, but rolled into a tube.

The genus Krinum includes more than 10 species. Some of them are suitable for keeping in aquariums and ponds - these are, first of all:

Crinum calamistratum - leaves up to 2 meters.

— Crinum natans with floating leaves up to 1 meter long.

— Crinum purpurascens, the leaves of which are more modest in size - up to 30 cm.

— Thai crinum (Crinum thaianum), they are grown at low water levels in a pot with clay soil.

Keeping crinums in the aquarium

Krinum in the aquarium photo

Crinum can only be kept in a large aquarium. Lying like a serpentine on the surface of the water, crinum leaves can cover the entire surface of the aquarium, shading other plants. It is usually planted at the back or side walls of the aquarium.

Water parameters for keeping crinum: the plant should be grown in a tropical aquarium at a water temperature of 23℃. In colder water, growth slows down significantly, the plant begins to shed old leaves and degrade. The water can be soft and a little hard. It should be taken into account that at hardness levels below 4℃, growth may be unstable. The active reaction should be neutral or slightly alkaline, pH 6.5-8. In slightly acidic water, the old leaves of the plant are destroyed very quickly. The water should be clean, without excess nitrogenous compounds, 1/4 of its volume should be regularly changed once a week. Lighting can be moderate or strong 50-100+ Lm/l. The long leaves of crinum rise to the surface and are located in close proximity to the light source, so the plant receives enough light even from a relatively weak source. The duration of daylight should be at least 8-12 hours (depending on the light intensity and other conditions).

The substrate for crinum should contain a large amount of organic matter. When planting in new soil, it is advisable to place a substrate or fertilizer tablets, such as Tetra Crypto, under the roots of crinum. Medium fraction soil and sand can be used as a substrate. The thickness of the soil layer when planting a young plant can be about 5 cm. As the plant develops, soil can be added, increasing its layer to 10 cm.

There is no need to add liquid fertilizers to the aquarium water, since the plant receives its main nutrition through the soil and roots.

Krinum reproduces in an aquarium only vegetatively, forming daughter bulbs in close proximity to the mother plant. This process is quite long. From the moment a young plant is planted until its first children appear, even under the best conditions, at least 3 years pass.

At high temperatures, low water levels and bright sunlight, it is possible to achieve flowering of crinum, but it has not yet been possible to obtain full-fledged seeds in aquarium conditions.

Types of crinums that are grown in aquariums

Crinum wavy or curly in the aquarium

Crinum wavy in an aquarium photo

Crinum calamistratum is a plant with an elongated bulb, 1-3 cm thick, up to 10 cm long. The leaves are collected in a rosette, ribbon-shaped, somewhat twisted, 70–200 centimeters long, 0.2–0.7 centimeters wide, dark green, the leaf edge is wavy. Clear central vein. Peduncle up to 80 cm long, straight. An inflorescence up to 80 cm long with 1–3 fragrant flowers. Bract about 3.5 cm long. Flowers with a straight green tube near the flower bed, 10–12 cm long, in white, backward inclined, 6–7 cm long and 0.5–0.8 cm wide tepals (lobes) as well as 6 stamens. The pistil is about 7 cm long.

Crinum wavy in an aquarium photo

Wavy crinum with strongly is a very attractive bulbous plant. This is not a very demanding plant: soft to medium hard water with a pH of 7 is recommended. The soil should be nutritious and at least 8 centimeters high. Strong water flow promotes plant growth. Medium intensity lighting is sufficient. Crinum wavy grows much slower than other species, so you will have to wait several months before a good specimen grows from the sprout.

Transplantation has a negative effect on crinum wavy. The plant is intended for keeping in aquariums with a water column height of 50 centimeters.

Crinum swimming in an aquarium

Crinum swimming in an aquarium photo

Crinum natans Baker is native to West Africa from Guinea to Cameroon and south to Zaire. The species grows in forested tropical streams and rivers with very fast currents, also in direct sunlight, in pebbly and rocky or muddy soil.

A large, strongly plant with an almost round bulb, up to 5 cm thick. The leaves are in a rosette, ribbon-shaped, dark green, up to 150 cm long and up to 5 cm wide, usually very curly, rarely almost flat, the leaf edge is irregularly corrugated.

Crinum swimming in an aquarium photo

This is a very large decorative type of crinum. For cultivation, a large aquarium is required so that the ribbon-like leaves can spread along the surface of the water. In an aquarium, crinum floating develops well in soft to medium-hard water and pH 7. The substrate, in accordance with the size of the bulb, must be at least 10 cm high and nutritious. Since plants prefer places with fast currents, you should make sure that there is good water flow in the aquarium. Crinum aquatic sometimes reproduces vegetatively by daughter bulbs on large mother plants. With artificial pollination, seeds are set. The seeds germinate well and the young plants grow quickly, reaching a height of about 15 cm after about 10 weeks. There are forms with more or less tightly curled leaves.

Crinum purpurea in the aquarium

Crinum purpurea in an aquarium photo

Crinum purple photo

Crinum purpurascens - grows naturally on the banks of ponds and rivers in Guinea. The bulb is ovoid, small, 5 cm in diameter, easily forms babies. Leaves are 30 cm long. Peduncle 30 cm long, with 5-9 flowers in an umbrella, petals 6-7 cm, purple, red. Cultivated in warm paludariums, planted in ponds in which they are planted in a semi-submerged state.

Crinum thailandica in an aquarium

Crinum thailandica in an aquarium photo

Crinum thaianum is native to Southeast Asia. Aquatic plant. Rarely found among aquarists. This is an aquatic plant with a bulb up to 7 cm thick. The leaves are in a rosette, ribbon-shaped, more or less tightly curled, soft, difficult to tear, 1–3 m long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, green. The edge of the sheet is finely corrugated, not wavy.

Crinum thailandica in an aquarium photo

It grows quickly, the leaves, arranged in a serpentine pattern on the surface of the water, they can cover the entire surface of the aquarium, shading other plants. Crinum can only be kept in a large aquarium. It is usually placed at the back or side walls of the aquarium.

Prefers diffused, moderate lighting. It develops well in soft and hard water at temperatures from 23 to 27℃, needs a nutrient substrate and soil of ~ 10 centimeters, in which a powerful root can grow freely. Reproduction by daughter bulbs of old plants is more common than in Crinum natans.

Krinum video review

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PRACTICAL NOTE ON GROWING AQUARIUM PLANTS

This note is posted in all FanFishka articles dedicated to aquarium plants. This is a cheat sheet with a link that will help you grow any aquarium plant and herbalist of any complexity.

Most of the reference materials are located in the Aquascape , we also recommend our brochure: Aquarium navigator for beginners: “Underwater Gardens of Babylon” .

The formula for success in growing plants can be depicted as follows.

First of all, the proper level of lighting is necessary.

(light intensity - Lumens)

Next, the proper concentration of CO2

Further macro-fertilizers and micro-fertilizers

Water parameters, care and quality water changes

The gradation of this formula is based on the degree of importance. Lighting intensity is primary, and then descending. Therefore, if your plants have holes in the leaves, they have sciatica (crooked) or there are problems with algae, then please do not read the “bad advice” - this is chlorosis (lack of iron), this is a lack of potassium... diarrhea, phimosis and endometriosis )

You always need to solve the problem of setting up an herbalist from major to minor. Plants will die more quickly from a lack of lighting than from a lack of Fe and K. Moreover, the latter are always present in one degree or another in the aquarium, but it is difficult to measure their precise value.

Below, let's go from the main to the minor.

Lighting in an aquarium with plants . Remember, the most important thing in light is its intensity (Lumens)! All other lighting characteristics: spectrum, Kelvin, PAR/PAR, Ra... are important, but secondary. There will be no intensity of lighting, there will be nothing. At the same time, the lighting intensity must be balanced - selected specifically for your project (height of the water column, number and types of plants, daylight hours).

Based on the above, choose aquarium lighting primarily by the number of lumens, and then everything else.

Lighting is the most expensive part. The most budget-friendly solution is to install ordinary construction-street floodlights above the aquarium . Fortunately, they are now very thin and aesthetic. And believe me, under them everything grows with a bang, of course, provided that all the other components are present.

In order not to be unfounded, here are photos of our herbalists, which were grown exclusively under LED spotlights or with their presence.

If you want professional lighting or aesthetics. Then you will have to fork out some money. The amounts can vary quickly from 10,000 to 50,000+ rubles for a 100 liter aquarium. It’s difficult to advise anything, because... Everyone has different needs and capabilities. In this article we talk about the products of our partners - Tetra , Laguna , ISTA lighting .

We tried to briefly and objectively talk about them. Then it's up to you. In any case, we do not really recommend that you pay attention to handicraft lighting assembly from folk craftsmen. Not all, but as a rule, they shove who knows what kind of diodes into such an assembly, assemble it all on their knees... and believe me, more than once on the forum you hear echoes of the consequences of such a purchase. After all, a company is a company. At a minimum, you are given warranty and post-warranty service.

If you are a beginner, your first herbalist, then LED spotlights are your choice. Let's move on, otherwise this note isn't very short =)

CO2 for aquarium plants . The plant is approximately 90% water, the remaining 10% is dry matter. Of that 10%, 46% is carbon. This is why CO2 supply is so important in a planted aquarium.

Plants in an aquarium obtain carbon “from water” - from carbon-containing compounds. But the natural concentration of C-carbon in water is small and is only sufficient for unpretentious plants, but they, and even more so, will be happy with additional carbon feeding. The supply of CO2 can be provided using mash or a CO2 balloon system , lemon juice or other methods.

The best, professional, simple and budget option is to supply carbon dioxide through a cylinder. One thing, however, is the initial purchase of a set: a cylinder, an MG valve, a diffuser…. will hit the budget.

Is it possible to do without CO2, but for a couple of bushes of simple plants ( cryptocorynes , echinodorus , most ludwigias , etc.).

What balloon systems can you recommend? The most budget option is an assembly from craftsmen who sell CO2 systems in VK and on forums. Everything is very high quality.

If you want a branded item, then we recommend the most inexpensive and at the same time high-quality CO2 systems from ISTA (Taiwan) . We have been using them for 5 years and recommend them to you.

On sale you will find two series of ISTA Aluminum CO2 Cylinder cylinders, with horizontal and vertical threads of 1 and 3 liters.

Fertilizers for an aquarium with plants . All fertilizers, of any brand, can be divided into MACRO-FERTILIZERS and MICRO-FERTILIZERS .

Macro fertilizers are nitrate NO3 and phosphate PO4 from which plants take N-nitrogen and P-phosphorus. These are the most important elements after CO2 - C-carbon.

Remember - Redfield's proportion rules . Always keep it under control and everything will be ok. Right, based on our observations, Redfield’s proportion rules only in full NPC proportions. Incomplete proportion - without carbon C does not give good results.

Micro fertilizers . These are all the other less important elements that are necessary for plants (see link). There is no point in putting too much emphasis on them. Firstly, all of them are contained in one quantity or another in tap water and are restored in the aquarium with changes. Secondly, an overdose of micro very quickly leads to an outbreak of algae.

A common mistake made by beginners is not understanding what they are pouring into the aquarium. For example, let's take such a popular and popular fertilizer as Tetra PlantaMin . Read the product summary at the link - it strengthens, stimulates, and gives a chic body shape.

A beginner, without delving into the essence, uses it and gets an outbreak of algae, writes on the forums - “Like, wow, what a bad Tetra.” And the trouble lies not in the drug, but in a lack of understanding of the nitrogen cycle and balance in the herbalist . The beginner has a Redfield bias (let’s say N and P are generally zero) and instead of making up for the lack of these primary elements, he fills the aquarium with Tetra PlantaMin - a micro-fertilizer (iron, potassium, manganese). As a result, going over the micro is only detrimental, because... plants lack the base - nitrogen and phosphorus.

Thus, you must understand what plants lack and understand fertilizers.

How to understand what plants lack? It's simple. Now the market is filled with a variety of expensive and not so expensive aquarium water tests. We recommend inexpensive domestic ones - VladOx drop tests , they are sold online and offline.

We also recommend, let’s not be afraid of this word, innovative domestic UHE tests . They are currently only sold online.

The minimum set of tests for an herbalist is NO3 and PO4. It is advisable to have the entire nitrogen range: NH4, NO2, NO3. As well as kH and pH tests.

Tests help us monitor the situation in the herbalist, but over time it is advisable to learn to see and feel the aquarium for yourself. With experience you need to move away from “convulsive testing”; the best aquarium test and tool is ourselves.

Let's summarize this part. Macro, it’s macro in Africa too. The link above generally contains a recipe on how to make them yourself. If you are not yet ready for self-mixing, then always and everywhere you will find a line of fertilizers from Tetra: Tetra Planta Macro , Tetra PlantaMicro , substrates, root tablets and much more .

Of course, there are many other brands that produce aquarium fertilizers. There is an opportunity, use even ADA products. All markers are different in taste and color. The main thing is to use it with a clear understanding of what you are using it for and what you want to get in the end.

From the professional line of fertilizers, at an adequate price, we can recommend Prodibo (soils, soils, macro, micro, stimulants, etc.).

So, something like a note turns into the Talmud. Which is not surprising - the topic is very broad. One moment left.

Water parameters for aquarium plants. Link1 and Link2 , please look at these articles, they cover the essence quite well.

Here we note that the quality of photosynthesis is influenced by the process of caring for the aquarium: water parameters (kH, pH below 7), high-quality filtration and aeration, competent and timely water changes.

Please study

How to properly plant crinum in open ground

Let's remember what was said above. Crinum is a specific plant. Initially, it grew in the tropics, therefore, it loves moist and warm soils. It is important that the soil is pre-fertilized and only in this case the plant will grow well.

The plant also needs to be provided with sufficient light and heat. It is important at first to simply protect the crinum from wind, cold rain and hail.

It is recommended to plant crinum at a time when warm temperatures have already established. And at night the thermometer does not drop below ten degrees. As a rule, such weather in central Russia occurs from the end of April to the end of May. But depending on the region of your residence, other indicators are possible.

Crinum can also grow in open ground. You can plant it in an onion pot and thus wait until the temperature finally becomes ideal for planting. The plant will be able to protect itself from the cold, and at the same time, it will bloom a month earlier than other flowers.

In order for the crinum to feel most favorable, it is important to stock up on the necessary soil. Soil that is rich in sand, river silt and moisture is ideal. It is important for the gardener to apply fertilizer and cover them with sand on top. It is then that the crinum, or as it is called, the marsh lily, will best take hold and begin to grow with a vengeance.

Caring for crinum in the garden

How to care for crinum.

Planting crinum and caring for this bulbous plant in open ground does not contain any difficulties. You will need to water and feed the plant during the growth period, loosen the soil around it and weed out the weeds, and with the onset of autumn, prepare the crinum for wintering. As soon as the plant enters a dormant period, and the signal for this is yellowing and falling leaves, the bushes are covered with a layer of straw or peat up to half a meter thick. If your winters are harsh and even without snow, then it is better to dig up crinum bulbs and store them in the vegetable drawer of the refrigerator until spring. Or transplant them into a container in the fall and keep them in a cool room without watering.

How to make hippeastrum bloom at home

Watering and fertilizing crinum.

The soil around the crinum should be kept slightly moist, especially during the period of active growth and budding, but the soil should not be moistened abundantly, since the bulbs deteriorate and die in dampness. Water for irrigation should be settled and heated in the sun.

Fertilize crinum in open ground twice a month with liquid mineral and organic compounds alternately. To prepare the mineral composition, 5 g of complex fertilizer is dissolved in 10 liters of water. For organic solutions, use manure, bird droppings, or use ready-made fertilizers, which can be purchased in specialized stores. Before flowering begins, a solution of potassium salt and superphosphate is added to the soil.

Diseases and pests of crinum.

Among the pests that pose a danger to crinum are spider mites, scale insects and scale insects. Amaryllis bugs severely oppress the plant, it begins to lag in growth, its leaves turn yellow and fall off, and a sooty fungus settles on the sticky secretions left by the pests. If the bulbs are heavily damaged by scale insects, it is better to throw them away, but if you find pests immediately after their appearance, you can deal with them by treating the leaves with a solution of an insecticidal preparation. Scale insects are also destroyed with an insecticide solution, but since these insects are reliably protected from any poisons by their shell, it is necessary to remove adult insects from the plant before treatment using a cotton swab dipped in alcohol or soap solution. The fight against spider mites is carried out with acaricides, since these pests are not insects, but arachnids. By the way, drugs such as Actellik, Aktara, Akarin and Fitoverm are insectoacaricides and cope well with all crinum pests.

In the photo: Flowering crinum in open ground

Among the diseases, you should be wary of fungal infections such as anthracnose and staganosporosis, or red burn. Anthracnose develops quickly in warm and humid conditions, and red blight can be diagnosed by the red spots and stripes that appear on crinum leaves and bulbs. Both of these diseases are treated with a solution of Fundazol or another fungicide with a similar effect.

What subtleties you need to know about planting crinum

If you live in a region with mild winters, then the bulb can be left to overwinter directly in the ground. However, in this case, the planting should be no less than 30 centimeters, and the deeper, the better.

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If you still decide to protect the crinum from the cold, try to do it carefully so as not to damage the root system. Only a third of the roots can be cut off.

Crinum can grow in one place for three to four years. After this, an urgent transplant will be required, with the separation of the separated parts.

Garden crinum

The plant does not require complex, specialized care. Suitable for growing in garden plots.

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Landing

Planting in open ground takes place in May. The following conditions must be met:

good lighting;
hydration;
warm;
absence of gusty wind;
the temperature should not drop below +10 ºC at night.

A good option would be to plant the bulb at home in a bowl at the end of March for germination and then plant it in the garden.

To prepare the soil, you will need sapropel mixed with sand and garden soil in a 1:1:1 ratio.

Care

Does not require special care, you need:

periodically loosen the ground;
water daily in dry weather, in cloudy rainy weather as needed;
plant flowers at a distance of 30 cm.

When flowering, crinum needs additional feeding.

Suitable fertilizers:

mulching the soil with humus;
chicken manure 1:20;
cow dung 1:10;
a mixture of superphosphate and potassium salt 5 g/2 l of water;

Transfer

The plant is taking root well. It needs to be replanted every 3 years. During this period, the bulb produces babies.

For planting, the bush is taken out of the ground, small bulbs are separated, and planted separately. The donor flower is returned to its original place. To do this, choose a period of rest.

Winter period

When planting, you should decide how the flower will winter. If the winter is mild, the bulb is buried 6 cm into the ground.

In the fall, when the flowering season ends and the crinum is preparing for a dormant period, it is necessary to cover the bulbs with a half-meter layer of peat and straw. In the spring, at the first warming, the layer is removed. This prevents rotting and encourages new growth.

If the winter is cold, when planting, two-thirds of the bulb is buried and one-third is left above the ground. At the end of the season, they dig it up, dry it and put it in a dark room with an air temperature of +5 ºC.

If there is a risk of the temperature dropping to 0 ºC, cover the bulb with warm material.

Outdoor care

Caring for crinum occupies a special place among the entire mass of theoretical information about the marsh lily. It is necessary to constantly care for the flower. There are several methods that will allow crinum to feel favorable in your garden.

It is important to promptly clear the flowerbed from other weeds and plants that encroach on the territory of the marsh lily. The soil needs to be loosened periodically, because crinum needs oxygen, and through loosened soil it best reaches the roots.

The plant must be watered every day. Especially if the weather outside is predominantly hot. If the weather is cloudy, precipitation occurs, watering is reduced.

Krinum needs fertilizer and mineral complexes. Complexes for flowering plants are suitable for this. After the flowering period ends, all crinum flower stalks are cut off. This is done so as not to take away the strength of the growing bulb. There is no need for rotting elements to be on it during wintering. Otherwise, it itself may rot.

The leaves also gradually die off in preparation for winter. There is no need to be afraid of this. The marsh lily intuitively senses when cold weather sets in and begins to get rid of excess shoots.

Caring for crinum at home and in the garden

This evergreen plant has a voluminous root network, blooms very beautifully and, with proper care, can grow taller than human height. Therefore, it will best decorate the interior of large rooms, and will also look great in greenhouses.

Lighting

For proper growth and development, the flower needs the maximum amount of sunlight, without partial shade or shade. It is better to keep it in a spacious room near windows on the south side. It is recommended to prevent the plant from coming into contact with window glass to prevent burns or hypothermia.

In the spring-summer period, provided the climate is warm, you can keep the plant outside, but do not allow excessive precipitation to fall on the surface of the foliage.

Due to lack of lighting, a flower can shed its lower layers of foliage, so it is necessary to use an additional light source, for example, fluorescent lamps. In such conditions, the daylight hours of the crinum should last up to 16 hours a day.

Temperature and humidity

South African species, which include, for example, the Mura variety, have their own requirements for care at home and outdoors. In spring and summer, temperatures within 21-27 °C are suitable for these species. At this time they can be kept outdoors. In the subtropics, it is even allowed to stay outside in winter, but only if the plant is lightly covered with fabric.

Crops native to tropical countries, for example, the Thai variety, prefer warmer temperatures. In spring and summer, it is advisable to keep the plant at a temperature of 22-28 °C, and in winter and autumn - 15-18 °C (but do not allow the temperature to drop below 14 °C). Humidity control does not play a significant role in crinum care. It is recommended to occasionally wipe the foliage from dust with a damp cloth.

Watering and fertilizing

The flowering period can be controlled by reducing the frequency of watering. So, in winter, crinum can bloom if watering is reduced at the end of summer, which will provoke the onset of a dormant period. During the period of active flowering, you need to water frequently; the amount of watering will directly depend on the moisture content of the top layer of soil. As soon as it dries a little, you should water the flower. After flowering ends, the amount of watering is reduced; the soil during this period should be moderately moist.

During the dormant period, it is recommended to move the plant to a cooler and less lit room and water it very rarely.

Complex fertilizers for flowering crops are used as fertilizing. Fertilizing should be done with the first appearance of young leaves and then every 14 days throughout the entire flowering period.

Soil and pot

To prepare the substrate, it is necessary to combine the following components in a certain ratio:

1 part leaf soil;
2 parts clay-turf soil;
1 part peat;
1 part humus;
1 part coarse river sand;
You can add a little charcoal as an antiseptic.

The pot needs to be spacious and voluminous. This is due to the fact that the culture has a powerful root network, which requires enough space.

How to feed a swamp lily

The plant needs additional substances and minerals because it originally grew in different conditions and climate. Therefore, it is necessary to create at least the appearance that the crinum is in its homeland. The plant needs to be fed regularly, every two weeks until flowering begins. As soon as the flowering process begins, you can feed the plant once every 3 weeks.

The best fertilizer for crinum is a solution of superphosphate and potassium salt. It is believed that such a solution will stimulate flowering. Each substance needs to be dissolved approximately five grams in two liters of water.

Another good way to fertilize is organic. Fermented chicken manure is perfect. It is diluted approximately 1:25. Cow dung has the same effect.

Crinum lends itself well to mulching. A thick layer of humus is useful for this. When it comes to fertilizer, it's better to be safe than sorry. Excess fertilizer can cause the plants to rot or the flower to become oversaturated with nutrients, causing flowering to be delayed.

Gardeners may also experience systematic bulb rot. Therefore, you need to follow a clear strategy in introducing fertilizing.

Crinum transplantation and substrate

You should not change containers for krinum too often. These plants can be replanted once every 2-3 years. The transplant is carried out just before the start of growth, but before the first signs of growth appear, at the end of the resting phase.

It is believed that crinum can be grown in any soil mixture, as long as it is loose enough. Crinums can be grown even in ordinary garden or garden soil; they feel great in any universal substrate or special soil for amaryllis. But the better the soil mixture, the higher its air and water permeability (and the lower the risk of compaction), the better. If you mix the substrate yourself, take equal parts of sand, leaf soil and humus and 2 parts of turf soil, or mix greenhouse soil, leaf soil and sand in equal quantities.

The crinum bulb is carefully removed, all roots are freed and inspected. Damaged or dry roots need to be removed, as well as dry films removed from the bulbs. In the new container, the bulbs are placed so that about 1/3 rises above the ground. A thick layer of drainage must be laid at the bottom of the pots (expanded clay is preferred).

Containers for krinum should be selected from among the spacious ones. Krinum is not picky about materials, but it is very demanding about width. Since a large bulb grows in width and produces superficial roots, low, wide containers are chosen for crinum rather than standard high ones.

How to transplant and propagate crinum

After three or four years of flowering, the bulb does not simply die. She leaves offspring that can be transplanted to new places and multiplied. It is better to plant children during the period when the bulb is at rest. This is the moment when flowering has already passed, and the bulb is preparing for winter hibernation. But some gardeners take risks and do not want to do this procedure until flowering begins:

To carry out such a procedure, it is necessary to dig up the mother bush;
Branch parts are separated from it and planted in the necessary places or in pots. This procedure must be carried out carefully, because there is a high risk of damaging not only the main bulb, but also small shoots.

The shoots grow well in the presence of fertilizing and fertilizer and have time to grow in just one season. By the time winter comes, they are already ready, and are unlikely to die from the cold. When branching children from the mother bush, it is important to be careful. One wrong mechanical action, and the main bush can be damaged, the same applies to small shoots.

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Kinds

There are a large number of varieties of crinums, but only about 10 of them have adapted to life in water. Of these, there are three main types that are used in decorating aquariums:

Wavy

In nature it grows in fresh lakes and rivers of Cameroon. It has hard, wavy, corrugated leaves. They are so dense that any mechanical impact breaks the sheet. One bush is capable of producing up to 40 leaves. This is an unpretentious species that does not require special conditions. It is enough to maintain a temperature regime of 21-26 C and change 30% of the water every week;

Floating (natans)

Natural habitat African fresh water reservoirs. It is distinguished by large leaves, up to 1.5 m in length, with brown and greenish colors. Up to 25 leaves grow from one bush. There are several subspecies of this subspecies, differing in the width of the leaf and the waves along the edges. Requires powerful light and good filtration;

How does a marsh lily behave in winter?

For many gardeners, it remains a mystery how crinum can behave in winter. Krinum is a greenhouse plant that needs moisture and warm temperatures. Is it really capable of withstanding Russian frosts? Krinum can survive wintering well if the gardener has previously completed all the necessary measures. To do this, you need to start preparing in early autumn.

A shelter is made for the bulbs. It should consist of one small layer of peat. The next layer consists of straw or other mulch. This layer should reach a height of about 50 centimeters. Over time, under the weight of the snow, this slide will settle. In spring, the entire cover over the bulb is removed, and they already wake up in the sun. It is important here that the bulb does not rot. Therefore, it is good to clear it of flowers, leaves, and weeds that grow nearby.

If you live in central Russia or the northern part, where winters are quite severe and temperatures can drop below 25 degrees, then it is better to dig up the bulbs. They need to be dried well in the shade and then put in the refrigerator.

If plants are grown in pots and containers, then the crinum is placed in a cold room where the temperature in winter does not drop below five degrees. If the temperature still approaches zero degrees, it is better to cover the flowers with special warm materials. The plants are not watered, only occasionally sprayed with a spray bottle.

Some gardeners tend to leave crinum in the ground over the winter, thus improving its immunity. Others, on the contrary, do not want to take risks, dry the onion and then put it in the refrigerator. This is the most humane means of preserving a flower.

Krinum - a bulbous plant that can surprise not only with its beauty

The range of indoor bulbs is expanding every year and is no longer limited to everyone’s favorite hippeastrum. The growing popularity of bulbous exotics is not accidental: as a rule, it is difficult for herbaceous soloists to compete with them in the beauty of large flowers. But bulbous plants are not for everyone. After all, in order to achieve flowering from them, it is necessary to ensure careful control of housing conditions and correctly organize the resting phase.

All bulbous plants have a reputation for being difficult to care for, but not all of them are true. One of these exceptions is krinum, which will surprise anyone with its unpretentiousness.

Crinums are one of the largest bulbous plants in indoor culture. In our country they are known both as krinums, and simply as krin, and under a much more poetic popular nickname - pink lily. Crinums represent the Amaryllidaceae family and are one of the most unpretentious plants in the family. The name crinum refers to the drooping leaves and comes from the Latin for hair.

Crinums are unique bulbous plants, equally belonging to both decorative flowering and decorative deciduous species. The neck of the bulb is elongated upward, almost stem-like, and can reach 60-90 cm in length. The crinum bulb itself is very large, up to 25 cm in diameter, creates a very powerful root network, most often located almost on the surface (the roots can crawl out, which creates a deceptive feeling lack of substrate).

From the pseudostem the plant produces a beautiful tuft or umbrella of leaves. Lanceolate-linear, long, belt-shaped, they droop beautifully, creating a peculiar effect of green hair. The length of crinum leaves is not limited to 1 m. Young leaves are rolled into beautiful tubes, and not flat, like those of related crops.

Krinum blooms from spring until autumn. On large and tall peduncles, flowers with a diameter of up to 15 cm, collected in capitate or umbrella-shaped inflorescences, bloom, large, shaped like a lily, with a beautiful white-pink color and a light but very pleasant aroma. Large crinum seeds are set only with artificial pollination; they contain in the shell a supply of water sufficient for germination, and are hidden in a fancy fruit capsule.

Pests and diseases

Crinum is susceptible to various pests and diseases. The reason for the threat to the life of the plant is an excessive amount of moisture. Overwatering can lead to immediate rotting of the root system. As a result of this, first the bulbs die and the flowers fall off. When the owner of the flower notices that something is wrong, the situation cannot be saved. It is important to avoid overfilling.

Very often, crinum can be affected by spider mites. This insect can cause serious damage to the plant. It is so important to notice the pest in time and prevent the death of the plant. Mealybugs are also a common pest. It lives in leaf axils and feeds on plant pulp.

Crinums are afraid of direct sunlight. Burns immediately appear on them, after which the flower dries up. Therefore, you need to carefully protect plants from this.

Caring for the noctule in the garden

Growing noctule in open soil is quite simple, like most other garden crops. Watering should be carried out regularly, and after it and after rain it is necessary to sometimes loosen the soil surface. After the appearance of weeds, they must be removed immediately, and the bushes must be systematically fed. In some cases, heavy inflorescences cause the stems to bend to the ground surface, making the bushes less attractive. In this case, you will need to install supports to which the shoots are tied.

Experts advise cutting off the inflorescences immediately after they wilt. This crop needs shelter only if a very frosty winter with little snow is expected. Plantings should be covered with non-woven material (lutrasil or spunbond). You can also use spruce paws to cover the area.

How to water and feed

Such flowers need to be watered on average once every 7 days; for this they use warm water heated in the sun. During prolonged dry and hot periods, the frequency of watering must be increased. At the same time, during prolonged rains, watering is suspended, since if the soil is excessively wet all the time, this significantly increases the likelihood that the bushes will be harmed by fleas, since they like to settle on crops belonging to the Brassica family. Watering and loosening the soil surface is necessary only in the morning.

During the first season, the flowers are regularly fed with a solution of complex mineral fertilizer, which contains a large amount of nitrogen. In the second year, during the period of bud formation, the plant should be fed with liquid complex fertilizer for beautifully flowering plants or phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

Reproduction of the noctule

Species and varieties with simple flowers can be propagated by seed. But if double night violets are cultivated, then they are propagated exclusively by dividing the bush, since if you independently collect seeds from the bushes and sow them, then the grown plants will have simple flowers. The division of bushes of terry varieties is carried out at the beginning of the spring period or in the autumn. To do this, the bush is carefully removed from the ground, divided into several parts, and the cut areas are treated with crushed charcoal. Then the divisions are planted in holes that are prepared in advance.

In late autumn, before the first frost, the soil surface near the plants should be covered with a layer of mulch, which will protect the root system from severe frosts in winters with little snow.

Pests and diseases of noctule

Night violet is affected by the same diseases and harmful insects as other members of the Cruciferous family. Such a flower can be damaged by cabbage aphids, cruciferous flea beetles and bugs, stem stalker, cabbage moth, caterpillars of turnip and cabbage whites and cabbage cutworms, larvae of rapeseed sawfly and cabbage fly and cruciferous gall midge. Insecticides are used to kill harmful insects; they can be purchased at a specialty store. Experts advise trying to find a product that effectively destroys pests without harming the environment.

During the seedling period, seedlings may become infected with blackleg. More mature plants are sometimes affected by clubroot, downy mildew, Alternaria, sclerotinia, phomosis, botrytis and fusarium; these are also fungal diseases. Night violet can also be affected by bacterial diseases such as black rot and vascular bacteriosis. Viral diseases such as mosaic and ring spot are very dangerous for this crop, since today they are considered incurable. In the fight against fungal diseases, fungicides are highly effective, the choice of which in specialized stores is quite wide. However, those bushes that are affected by viral or bacterial diseases must be removed from the soil as soon as possible and destroyed. The area where the affected bushes were grown will not be suitable for growing any crop for three or four years.

However, if you follow the rules of prevention and provide the plants with proper care, they will be highly resistant to both harmful insects and diseases.

Types of crinum

There are many varieties of this flower on sale. All that remains is to choose the ones that are most attractive to you.

Abyssinian

Its homeland is Ethiopia. The bulb has an oval shape. The leaves are quite rough. Peduncle white, umbrella-shaped. There are up to six flowers on one bush. The width of the petals can reach seven centimeters. The petals are wide. The plant is very beautiful, has a boiling white hue.

Krinum asiatica

A very beautiful plant with elongated petals. The bulbs are up to 15 centimeters wide. The leaves are whole, but slightly cut at the edges. Reminiscent of thin belts. One flower can contain from 10 to 30 leaves. The inflorescences are formed with umbrellas. The stem looks like a pale green tube. The petals have red stamens that look in different directions. Blooms from March to October. Most often found along the banks of African rivers.

Big

This is a very beautiful flower with a large bulb. The leaves have clearly visible veins and greenish waves. The flower has a soft pink tint. The leaves themselves are wide, up to three centimeters wide. Beautifully curved, looks like bells. The white stamens are clustered together, much shorter than the petals. Blooms all summer.

Majestic

There is a bulb about 15 centimeters thick. There are quite a lot of leaves on the flower, they are dense and very sharp at the ends. The peduncle is flat. The umbrella can hold up to 20 inflorescences at a time. The width of the leaves is up to one centimeter. The stamens are red, thin and very long. Blooms in summer. Often found on the mountain slopes of the Seychelles. It rarely grows in open ground in the Russian Federation. Mainly lives in greenhouses and greenhouses.

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Girls' Krinum

The bulb has a brown tint. The leaves are thin, tapering towards the end. Their length is up to 90 centimeters. Width two centimeters. The leaves have transverse veins that can be easily felt with your fingers. The inflorescences hold from 6 to 8 flowers. The petals are white, with a pink or red stripe in the center. Blooms in late summer early autumn. Most often found in southern Brazil. It grows in the warm season in open ground or in greenhouses and conservatories.

Campanulate

The bulb is oval. The petals have a sharp edge. The peduncle is narrow. The inflorescences can hold up to ten flowers at a time. The petals grow very close, overlapping each other. The petals vary in color, from pale green, white, pink and red. Grows in South Africa. Blooms in summer. Loves ponds and moist soils.

Spicy

Has a medium sized bulb. The leaves are like belts, thin. The flowers are very showy and have interesting colors. They are white around the edges and have a purple or red stripe down the center. The color is most often purple. The petals are white on the inside. Their length reaches 15 centimeters. The flowers have purple stamens. Blooms in March. Blooms several times per season. Found in the forests of Sumatra.

Reddish

The bulb is oval and thick. There are many leaves on the peduncle, they are long, twisted and white. Several stamens emerge from the center at once. They are very long and have a purple tint. The leaves may have a purplish color at the base. Blooms only in summer. Loves moisture. Grows in tropical forests of America.

Crinum meadow

The bulb is oval. It has a thickness of up to 15 centimeters. The leaves are straight and fleshy. The peduncle is up to one and a half cm thick. The umbrella can hold up to 14 flowers at a time. The flowers are white, medium-sized. The petals are elongated and neat. The stamens are large, red or yellow. In Russia it can grow in open ground conditions.

Makovana

It has a round bulb. It is large and reaches a diameter of 25 centimeters. The leaves are long. Peduncles are tall. The umbrella can hold up to 15 flowers. The tube is green, curved. The petals have a white or pinkish tint. Blooms in late autumn.

It is grown in greenhouses, greenhouses, less often in open ground, during the hot season in warm regions of Russia. Most often found on rocky cliffs in South Africa.

Ceylonese

The bulb is spherical, diameter 15 centimeters. Leaves 12 centimeters. Very thin. The peduncle is pale pink. There are up to 20 flowers on the inflorescence. The peduncle is small. The throat is horizontal. The petals are white-purple in color. Striped. The pistil rises above the stamens. Blooms in the spring months. Found in the wild in tropical Asia.

Crinum wavy

The bulb is large, up to 20 centimeters in diameter. The neck is long. The leaves are long, thin, sinuous. Slightly whitish. The umbrella can hold up to 10 flowers at a time. Pink peduncle. The throat is wrapped in a funnel. Petals up to 12 pieces. They have a soft bluish tint. The pistil is yellow in color and rises above the petals. The stamens are white, with dark spots.

Blooms in the summer months. The birthplace is considered to be South Africa, Natal. In Russia it can bloom in cold greenhouses, as well as in greenhouses and open ground in the warm season.

Botanical description

The crinum flower is a herbaceous perennial. Some species of this genus differ from other amaryllis plants in their very large size. Elongated or spherical bulbs of crinum, reaching a diameter of 20 cm, often have a short neck. Many of the plants form a false trunk, consisting of the bases of dead foliage and ending with a rosette of numerous bright green, linear-lanceolate, strap-shaped, most often rolled into a tube, young leaves up to 1 m long. Located on meter-high peduncles, white, pink or delicate crimson crinum flowers up to 20 cm in diameter, sessile or on short stalks, collected in umbels.

A characteristic feature of crinums is that their inflorescences develop only in that part of the bulb in which the leaves have long dried up. In addition, up to five seasons pass from the beginning of the formation of an umbrella to its final development.

In the photo: Growing crinum from a bulb

The garden plant Krinum Powell forms an inflorescence of a dozen successively opening fragrant funnel-shaped pink flowers up to 10 cm long. The height of the Powell crinum reaches 1 m, and the diameter of the bush during flowering is 60 cm. Garden crinum blooms in July-September. After flowering, fruits ripen on it, which are an irregularly shaped disintegrating box with large green bulb-shaped seeds.

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What we learned

If you are an experienced gardener, you can try to grow crinum in your garden. This undertaking is complex and risky, but at the same time interesting. Just imagine how the appearance of your flowerbed will change if such a resident appears on them. It is important to pay attention to proper care of the crinum flower, and also to create all the conditions so that even in northern Russia it feels at home.

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About the author: Victoria Semyonovna Nakhodkina

Leading researcher at the laboratory of vegetable and berry crops, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Possible problems of krinum and ways to solve them

Amaryllis scales can settle under the scales on the bulbs. This is an oval insect, 3.5 mm long, covered with white wax. Severely affected bulbs have to be destroyed. Plants that can still be saved should be sprayed with Actellica suspension (2ml/l)
Onion hoverfly This is generally an uncharacteristic pest for indoor plants - it is rampant in open ground, but in the spring it can fly into the greenhouse and even onto indoor window sills. This is a striped fly slightly larger than a house fly. She lays eggs at the base of the bulb. The hatched larvae are legless, dirty yellow in color, and eat away first of all the bottom and then the entire bulb. Severely damaged bulbs have to be destroyed. For prevention, before planting, the bulbs are kept in hot water (up to 45°C) for an hour or treated with “Maxim”
Red burn (staganospora) This is the most common disease of bulbous plants. Red spots appear on the bulbs - at first they are small stripes, later they grow and spread to the leaves and peduncles. The disease ultimately leads to ulceration of the bulb, deformation of the leaves, and underdevelopment of peduncles. At the first appearance of red stripes on the bulbs, the plant is sprayed with a suspension of “Fundazol” (2 g/l). If the disease has gone far, you also need to prepare a special “coating” - 300 g of chalk, 15 g of copper sulfate, 30 g of OP-7 adhesive and add water so that the total volume reaches 1 liter. The composition is coated with the bulbs and bases of peduncles.

Features of cultivation and care

No special recommendations, practically the same as for other colors. During growth and formation of buds, good humidity should be maintained so that the soil does not dry out under the flower, but do not flood it. From an excess of water there is a danger of rotting of the bulbs .

The humidity should be maintained and the plant should be watered in small doses daily.

It is necessary to loosen the surface of the soil for better air permeability, but do this extremely carefully so as not to damage the roots of the plant. Crinum loves feeding, especially during the flowering period . Feed with liquid mineral fertilizers once every two weeks, or it would be better to alternate with organic fertilizers.

Description

"Krinum" is an evergreen flower. Refers to bulbous plants. The homeland is considered to be South Africa, Asia.
Grows well in the tropics of the USA. Endowed with spectacular beauty. In the wild, it reaches a height of more than 5-7 meters.

The flower bulbs reach 18-26 cm in diameter. The leaves are narrow, elongated, reaching more than 1.5 meters in length. In room conditions, the leaves grow 65–100 cm in length.

Due to its large size, this representative of the flora is not suitable for growing in small spaces, as it will occupy almost the entire space. This giant is perfect for decorating offices, the director's office, schools, kindergartens, trading floors and various store premises.

"Krinum" is an unpretentious plant and definitely does not require careful care. Due to its spectacular appearance, it can often be found in greenhouses, winter gardens and botanical gardens. Belongs to the family: Amaryllidaceae.

IMPORTANT! The flower is very demanding on the purity of oxygen. Does not tolerate gas pollution, the persistent smell of diesel fuel and fuel oil. When growing in open areas, Krinum is protected from excessive rainfall and cold winds.

Here is a photo of “Krinum”:

Krinum potted

The crinum flower, which is grown in pots at home, is an evergreen plant. Its bulbs with a neck, which is located above the surface of the ground, and in some varieties can form false trunks, growing from sixty to ninety centimeters in height, have a round shape and light color. As you can see in the photo of the crinum bulb, it is covered with large brown scales.

The abundant foliage, light green in color, is usually linear-lanceolate or belt-shaped with wavy edges. In adult plants they hang in the form of arches, and in young plants they are wrapped in a tube.

Luxurious funnel-shaped crinum flowers can be white, pink or crimson in color and are characterized by a wide throat. They are located on a high, powerful peduncle, on which from three to thirty buds can form simultaneously. They gather in umbrella inflorescences and bloom alternately, emitting delicate aromas. Each flower blooms for quite a long time, usually about five weeks.

Potted species of crinums are quite large plants , their flower stalks can reach more than one meter in height, and the flowers of some species have a diameter of about twenty centimeters. After the plant finishes flowering, it produces fruits in the form of disintegrating boxes containing green seed bulbs. To get them at home, you need to carry out artificial pollination.

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Potted crinums are distinguished by their longevity; with proper maintenance, their life expectancy can be about thirty years.