Rupture-grass or Saxifraga: planting and care in open ground, photo of a low plant with leathery leaves of unusual shades and multi-colored buds

Description

Saxifraga belongs more to mountain plants, as its name suggests. It prefers to grow between stones with a minimum of nutrients and poor watering, but is a bright spot in any landscape design with stones. In addition, some varieties are used not only to create beautiful compositions; in medicine, medications necessary for many are made from all parts of the plant.

Saxifraga (Saxifraga Caespitosa)

The natural habitats of the species are Eurasia, Central America, and mountainous areas of tropical Africa; it is under such natural conditions that the trunk can develop perfectly. Saxifraga can be either an annual or a perennial; now there are more than 400 species of this plant. The trunks bloom from May to August.

They differ from each other in external characteristics:

• come in different sizes
• can be grown both in open ground and in pots

The leaves can also be a distinctive feature; in some species they are very small, and in others they are medium in size. There is a saxifrage whose foliage grows only 5 cm, some species can grow up to 70 cm in height. In this case, the bushes of the plant will completely cover the soil with a radius of up to 12 cm.

The leaves of saxifrage are collected in a basal rosette, usually green. Sometimes the leafy part may have a bluish tint; this occurs due to the plant’s ability to accumulate lime. Each leaf has several flower stalks, on which flowers of different colors with five petals open over time.

Saxifraga paniculata

Flowers usually have delicate shades: pink, white, purple, yellow, some varieties are distinguished by red flowers. Some species have paniculate inflorescences, are cold-resistant and differ from their relatives in their complex root system. After flowering, in place of each flower, a seed box with a large number of small grains is formed. When sowing, not all will sprout; many will die from excess moisture.

Indoor varieties are most often hanging, grow and develop well on northern windows, but they still need light. This flower is easy to care for and plant; even a novice gardener can grow it both indoors and in the garden. Saxifraga will do well without moisture and will grow even if it is not regularly fertilized.

Application

Saxifragas of different types can be used in a wide variety of combinations, in sunny and semi-shaded positions. Particular care should be taken for alpine species; they are more demanding and will not cope with an ordinary flower bed. In their case, an imitation of the natural habitat, a secluded position, should be created. In the case of, for example, Arends saxifrage, this does not cause any problems.

Saxifraga is used mainly for:

• planting in rock gardens;
• near the walls;
• in the spaces between paving slabs;
• on slopes and other uneven ground;
• Some species grow well in containers on the balcony.

High mountain inaccessible rocks and ravines are a natural environment for saxifrage. The beauty of these plants can also be admired in the garden if you create appropriate conditions similar to natural ones. These are a variety of plants, representatives of which are grown in open ground and at home. In a variety of species and varieties you can find plants that prefer moisture, which will grow well near a pond. The largest rarities of the genus include alpine species, more demanding, but quite rare in gardens.

Types and varieties

There are more than 400 species of saxifrage in nature , some of them are grown in the garden, others are preferable to have on the windowsill. The plant is not picky in its care and endures all difficulties and hardships.

Saxifraga is often used in landscape design; with the help of the flower you can create magnificent compositions. It is often used as a border plant, sometimes flower beds are decorated with saxifrage so that it seems that a flower blanket has covered a certain area

Saxifraga alba

Rocky places can be improved with low-growing plants of mountain origin. The varieties feel great between stones and will gradually cover everything around with variegated small flowers.

Not all species are used by flower growers; some remain wild. No more than a dozen are popular, now we will look at them in more detail.

Arends

The low-growing hybrid is a great success among flower growers and landscape designers. It is used to add zest to classic front gardens; the plant also looks great in the modern design of flower beds in the yard.

Saxifraga Arends

With the help of the species, the effect of a flower carpet is achieved on any type of soil, even in the most remote and shaded corners of the garden. Arends' saxifrage is one of the decorative hybrids that are grown outdoors.

The hybrid feels best in the north, where the climate and soils are ideal for it. Saxifraga is planted in groups to quickly achieve the desired effect.

The main characteristics are:

• the plant reaches 10-20 cm in height
• bushes often intertwine with each other
• the leaves are small, separate, have a rich green color
• flowering occurs in May-June

Suitable only for growing in flower beds; as a houseplant it does not grow well. And then he dies.

Most often, the following varieties are used in garden and garden design:

• Purpurmantel , whose name speaks for itself. The plant has low, up to 20 cm, stems with purple-pink tassels.
• Bluetentheppich forms a 15 cm mat of bright red flowers. The plant's decorative properties are excellent; it is often used as a border plant, but excess bushes are regularly removed.
• Schneeteppich will help create a snow-white carpet in the summer. The rich greenery of the leaves hardly breaks through the many white flowers; the leaves can reach 10 cm in height.
• The flamingo has an identical color to the bird; the delicate flowers will fit perfectly into any landscape design and become an integral part of it. Seeds and seedlings of the variety are not yet very common in our country, but this will not last long, Flamingo is successfully gaining momentum.
• Peter Pan will fit perfectly into an alpine hill with any other ornamental plants; small pink flowers with yellow centers will not leave anyone indifferent. The openwork of small leaves is visible between the flowers and this gives a special charm to the variety.

Bedrenets

A herbaceous perennial, saxifrage, which is rarely grown for decorative purposes . The stem can reach 70 cm in height, has umbrella-like inflorescences that are not at all attractive, but is an indispensable raw material in pharmacology. The distribution area is limited to the European part of Siberia and the Caucasus. It is found in pine forests, in glades and forest edges, and on grassy slopes of mountainous areas.

Saxifraga Bedrenets

Flowering occurs in May-June; the flowers themselves are unremarkable, small, white, collected in large umbrellas. All parts of the plant are used to produce medicines, the seeds and leaves are especially valued.

Soddy

The soddy type of plant came to us from the northern regions of Eurasia and North America. The trunk is characterized by a dense basal rosette of leaves, the lower ones have significant branches, the lower ones are more dense and erect. The leaf plates are painted dark green, the lower ones have pronounced veins.

Saxifraga Soddy

The flowering of Saxifraga turf is not long, usually no more than three weeks, but very beautiful. Small flowers can be pink, red, white. During the flowering period, the stem looks like a large pillow with a colored print. You can admire the beauty in June; depending on weather conditions, sometimes flowering is postponed to July.

Indoor view

Indoor saxifrage varieties are ideal for growing by amateur gardeners . Its unpretentiousness and excellent decorative qualities allow it to be used in the most northern and dimly lit rooms. The ideal microclimate for the plant will be dry and cool air, which is often observed in our apartments in winter.

Homemade look

The homeland of the trunk is the mountainous regions of Japan and China, where with the help of shoots the plant clings between stones, then small roots are formed, which obtain food for themselves on these poor soils. Gradually, the roots stimulate the growth of new leaves, and a new bush is formed.

The indoor species differs from other varieties of saxifrage in having larger leaf blades; in addition, the staff will have a large number of tendrils, which look very impressive in a hanging pot.

Indoor saxifrage can be combined indoors in multi-level pots with petunias, such a neighborhood will have an excellent appearance.

The only important condition for home cultivation is minimal lighting; in bright light, the leaves of indoor saxifrage will become faded and inconspicuous. Gradually the flower will begin to hurt and may die. The plant needs minimal watering; it is better to use light soils with a high sand content.

Some species of saxifrage are listed in the Red Book and are protected by law.

Species recommended for gardening

There are several hundred types of saxifrage, the most popular are the following:

• Saxifraga ascending - Saxifraga adscendens;
• K. rigidifolia – Aizoides;
• K. prolomnikovaya – Androsacea;
• K. mossy - S. Bryoides;
• K. drooping – S. Cernua;
• K. soddy - S. Cespitosa;
• K. cymbal - Cymbalaria;
• K. granular - S. granulata;
• K. hawkweed - S. Hieraciifolia;
• K. swamp - S. Hirculus;
• K. hypnumovaya – Hypnoides;
• K. Korzhinsky - S. Korshinskyi;
• K. snowy - S. Nivalis;
• K. oppositeifolia - S. oppositifolia;
• K. brook – S. Rivularis;
• K. three-toed – S. Tridactylites.

When choosing a type of saxifrage for the garden, you should take into account their requirements; not every species can grow in a flower bed. To meet the expectations of plants, you need to know their natural habitat and try to reflect it in your own garden. For best results, you will need a rockery with a drainage layer. Mountain plants prefer drier conditions and will do much better on this type of rock.

The least demanding, as well as the most common species in gardens include:

• Saxifraga Arends – Saxifraga × arendsii Arends;
• K. paniculata - S. paniculata;
• K. shady or shady - S.umbrosa;
• K. rigidifolia – Aizoides;
• K. hawkweed - S. Hieraciifolia;
• K. Fortune – Saxifraga fortunei;
• K. mossy - S. Bryoides;
• K. cotyledon – S. cotyledon;
• K. rotundifolia – S. Rotundifolia;
• K. longifolia - S. Longifolia;
• K. short-pointed or lush (cushion) – Saxifraga × apiculata.

Let's take a closer look at the most common types, as well as the features of their planting and cultivation.

Arends

The most popular variety is Saxifraga Arends, which is a garden variety derived from crossing different species of the genus Saxifraga (mainly Saxifraga rosacea and Saxifraga hypnoides) growing wild in Europe and Asia.

The plant takes the form of low, cushion-shaped bushes that display decorative leaves and flowers. The leaves are wedge-shaped, deeply carved, juicy, green. Arends saxifrage flowers are variegated - white, red, pink, carmine (different shades). The plant is very low, reaching a stem height of 5 cm, not counting the peduncles, which reach 15-20 cm. Flowers appear in May.

Planting and caring for Saxifraga Arendsa does not cause any problems. Unlike its highland cousins, it is much less demanding. To grow beautifully, the plant needs to be given a slightly semi-shady position.

Preferred soil:

• humus;
• lime;
• permeable;
• quite wet.

Humidity is a very important factor in determining the beautiful appearance of a plant. During periods of prolonged drought, water shortages should be replenished. It is important to avoid open positions where Arends saxifrage may suffer in winter.

Saxifragas of this species are most easily propagated by division, although they can be propagated by seedlings in the form of unrooted rosettes. Plants are divided after flowering (from June to August), then they are easily accepted. Seeds are sown in boxes in the spring - they are not covered with soil, only slightly pressed to the ground. Seedlings need to be pricked 2-3 times.

The perennial is distinguished by its versatility of use and is used for:

• low plant - ideal for rock gardens, rockeries;
• planting along the walls;
• flower beds;
• outline of tracks;
• grows well on the edges of water bodies;
• flowers can be cut into bouquets.

Shadow

The hybrid originated from two species Saxifraga x spathularis and Saxifraga umbrosa. One of the most beautiful saxifrages, preferring semi-shaded and shady positions, humus and fairly moist soil. The decorative appearance of saxifrage is given by leathery leaves collected in rosettes, which in the “Aureopunctata” variety are also variegated (yellow).

The leaves have a grooved edge, the flowers are collected in loose panicles, star-shaped, white with a red center. The height of the flowering bush can reach 30 cm. Flowering occurs in May. It reproduces best by division. Ideal for shady rockeries as a ground cover.

Paniculata

A type of saxifrage that deserves attention is paniculata (Saxifraga paniculata), decorative due to leaves collected in rosettes and inflorescences collected in loose umbrellas. Blooms in May – June. The rosette that creates the flower shoot dies after flowering. Before flowering, the height of the plant usually does not exceed 10 cm. The height of flowering saxifrage reaches 20-25 cm. It is found naturally in Europe and Asia. It has a compact pillow-shaped shape.

Paniculate saxifrages are grown in sunny rockeries, protected from the wind, in well-lit, warm, dry places.

The soil should be:

• permeable, well drained;
• moderately fertile;
• limestone;
• The species can grow in rocky soil poor in nutrients.

Paniculate saxifrage is frost-resistant. The species reproduces by division. It can be planted in autumn or spring. Seeds are sown in summer. Young seedlings should be watered on hot days; older ones tolerate drought well. Regular weeding is important for maintenance. The plant does not require fertilizer.

Usage options:

1. decoration of rock gardens;
2. creating flowerbed edges;
3. looks good planted among stones, in the crevices of walls;
4. creates interesting compositions with young plants and sedum.

It is better not to plant paniculate saxifrage with expansive plants; they will quickly choke it.

Fortune

An Asian beauty that blooms only in autumn, Saxifraga Fortune delights with leaves that form beautiful rosettes. The wavy edges of the leaves and the red color of the underside give the plant a decorative touch. Against the background of the leaves, cream or pink flowers collected in loose inflorescences look beautiful.

For the cultivation of Saxifraga Fortune to be successful, it must be provided with a shady position, humus, fertile, permeable and moist soil. The plant prefers an acidic environment.

Cotyledon

Saxifraga cotyledon is a less demanding species, found in its natural habitat in the Alps. The height without flowering shoots is 10-15 cm, during flowering the height reaches 50 cm. Fleshy and serrated leaves form large rosettes from which the peduncle grows. After flowering the rosette dies, but before this happens it will create many new rosettes. White flowers appear in June, forming paniculate inflorescences.

For successful cultivation, it is important to take care of a permeable substrate. In terms of planting location, the plant is very tolerant and grows well in sunny and semi-shaded positions. Cotyledon should not be grown in an overly alkaline environment; slightly acidic or neutral soil is ideal.

A hardy species, it is most easily propagated by division.

Opposite foliage

The perennial saxifrage oppositeifolia in its natural environment (Alps) creates low carpets. The height of the plant can reach 5 cm, during flowering it is much higher. Thanks to its numerous flowers, the plant is very decorative during flowering (spring).

The plant should be provided with permeable soil and a quiet place, preferably in light partial shade.

Cortusifolia

In spring and summer, small bunches of beautiful carved leaves 5-8 cm wide with long petioles can be mistaken for a variety of heuchera. However, this is a completely different plant - Saxifraga cortusifolia, native to China, Japan or Korea.

This species owes its name to leaves similar to those of the mountain currant (Cortusa matthioli). In autumn, this unusual species gives a pleasant surprise - it creates inflorescences 40 cm high, consisting of several dozen small, usually white flowers 1.5 cm in size. Breeders have also obtained pink varieties. In the autumn garden they all delight.

Khosta

An interesting species is the Hosta saxifrage (Saxifraga hostii) - an evergreen perennial. The name saxifrage is associated with hosta. Both of these plants were discovered and described by Nikolai Thomas Host, an Austrian botanist.

Hosta saxifrage produces low rosettes of leaves up to 15 cm in diameter. The leaves are dark green, narrow (1 cm wide), long (up to 10 cm). Rosettes of leaves turn red in autumn. From the middle of the rosette in June - July, tall (up to 60 cm) inflorescences develop, on a thin, unbranched stem - “leg”. The flowers are white, sometimes purple spotted. Individual flowers are collected in panicles (5-20 flowers per inflorescence).

Saxifraga Hosta grows best in well-drained, calcareous soil in a sunny, dry location. This is a plant with high frost resistance. Does not require winter protection.

The plant is often used for:

• rock gardens;
• planting on slopes;
• along the walls;
• can be planted in wide and flat pots on the terrace.

Plants should be planted in small groups of several to create evergreen cushions.

Soddy

The perennial saxifrage soddy is ideal for rockeries. The plants create low, flat rosettes that look like soft green cushions. The leaves are small, evergreen, pinnate. Small, white, five-petaled flowers grow on thin, reddish peduncles, growing up to 10-15 cm in height. It blooms at the turn of April - May. Often the rosette that created the flower dies after the plant has flowered.

The species grows best in semi-shaded or sunny positions. If in full sun, it requires frequent watering. The soil should be well-drained, slightly moist, humus, and calcareous.

Soddy saxifrage looks better in the company of stones. It can also grow in low beds, walls, between paving slabs or in pots. Plants are planted in small groups in close proximity to other perennials with similar requirements. After flowering, flower stalks should be trimmed.

The species is propagated by division in the spring. Plants (especially young ones) can freeze in cold and snowless winters, so you need to cover them with spruce branches.

Mossy

Saxifraga bryoides L. – the mossy saxifrage is found in the mountains of Central Europe. The small perennial forms dense turf. The entire plant is pale or yellow-green, with older leaves silvery-gray. The plant produces numerous inflorescences and several flower stalks. This is a high-mountain species (rudophyte).

In the axils of the leaves there are large inflorescences with rose-shaped petals. Thick, fleshy leaves 3-7 mm long, lanceolate with sharp edges and sharp bristles, characteristically curved upward. Single flowers on unbranched, low (1.5-5 cm) peduncles. The flowers are light yellow and orange spotted.

musky

Found in the mountains of Southern and Central Europe. In the east, the range extends through the northern Balkans, the Caucasus and Altai to the Sayan Mountains.

This is a sod-bearing species with a height of 2-12 cm. The entire plant is pubescent with soft hairs. The stem is straight, light green. The leaves are light green, with a gradually tapering base. Flowers grow at the tops of peduncles, forming a tuft or panicle, yellow-green in color.

Reproduction methods

To get a good, healthy plant, you need to propagate it correctly. Saxifraga is no exception to this; simply tearing off a branch and sticking it into the ground will not work. There is only a small chance that the plant will take root after this method; in order to be sure to have saxifrage in your garden or home, you will have to study all known methods of its propagation.

Young plant seedlings

The standard is propagated in several ways:

• seed, carried out by sowing purchased seeds in the ground or through growing seedlings
• by cuttings, through planting young branches with roots taken from whiter adult plants
• layering, when the side branches are cut off and transplanted to the right place
• dividing the rosettes, it is important to preserve the rhizome on each part

Each of the methods is carried out in early spring or before winter , but it is worth counting so that the cutting or divided bush has time to take root in a new place.

You should not expect sprouts from seeds sown before winter; the plant will make itself known in early spring. The bole will bloom in June-July; in the first year it may not be abundant. In the future, the saxifrage will only grow and delight the eye with a colorful blanket.

Propagation by seeds

Growing by seed

The seed propagation method most often involves growing seedlings in closed ground, and then planting young plants in open ground . But some gardeners practice sowing seeds directly into the ground.

For that. To obtain the maximum possible number of saxifrage seedlings, it is necessary to sow the grains correctly.

The procedure is carried out as follows:

• It is first necessary to statify the seeds; to do this, add a little ordinary sand to them, pour them into a container and place them on the top shelf of the refrigerator for 2-3 weeks;
• the next step will be direct sowing into a container with soil; for this, the soil is lightly compacted and sprinkled with seeds and sand, watered;
• It is advisable to cover the container with glass or wrap it with film, this creates a greenhouse effect that accelerates the germination of plants;
• the first shoots will hatch within 10 days, then the plant will begin to develop more rapidly;
• When the trunks have four true leaves, it is advisable to plant them in separate pots, this will allow them to grow faster and simplify transplanting into open ground.

After this, they wait until the soil warms up enough and plant the saxifrage babies in the prepared soil. The first days you can water the plants moderately, and then you should exclude water altogether for the benefit of the plants.

It is worth understanding that the plants will show themselves in all their glory only in a year; this season will pass without flowering.

Planting seedlings in open ground

Although saxifrage is considered a frost-resistant plant , seedlings are planted only after frosts on the ground have passed. After this, young plant seedlings can be planted in the prepared area of ​​the flowerbed or garden.

Plant ready for transplanting into open ground

To do this, the pots with seedlings are well watered, the soil is loosened in the chosen place and depressions are made. A seedling with a lump of soil is placed in each hole, sprinkled with soil from the garden bed, and lightly compacted.

There is no need to carry out additional watering; the moisture already received will be enough for the trunk. The next watering can be done after 5-7 days if there was no precipitation during this period. The bushes should be placed according to a 20x20 cm pattern, so that they have room to grow later.

Sowing in the ground

It is also practiced to sow seeds in open ground; for this, it is also necessary to prepare the grains . There is no need to statify them, this process will take place naturally during the wintering period, but it won’t hurt to disinfect them.

Sowing seeds in open ground

To do this, the grains are soaked for several days in a weak solution of potassium permanganate or any fungicide . Afterwards it is dried and mixed with sand. In the selected area, shallow furrows are made, up to 1.5 cm, and the seeds are sown. The furrows are lightly covered with garden soil and watered.

It is best to carry out the procedure in early spring, but sowing is also possible before winter. You should not expect 100% germination; saxifrage does not reproduce well using this method. In the spring, after 25 days after the procedure, no seedlings have appeared, you can safely plant other plants in this place, saxifrage will no longer appear.

Cuttings

Cutting scheme

Using this method, propagation is carried out in July, after the end of the flowering period of the trunk.

To do this, do the following:

• wet sand is collected in a box or container;
• in an adult plant that is more than two years old, several young side shoots are cut off;
• It is advisable to treat the cut with crushed charcoal to protect both the plant and the cuttings from diseases and pests;
• the cut parts are rooted in a container with sand, and in the fall they are planted in a permanent place;
• You can leave young seedlings to overwinter in the sand; for this, select a cool place with low light;
• In the spring, overwintered cuttings are planted in open ground in the same way as saxifrage seedlings.

Update the plant stems in a timely manner, then the flowerbed will always look great. Saxifraga has a spectacular appearance for 5-6 years, then it needs to be replaced with a young plant.

Dividing the bush

This method is the most common; most often, gardeners renew saxifrage or share plants with just a piece of the bush. Every spring, warmth and moisture stimulate the plant to send out additional side shoots and roots. Gradually they turn into a full-fledged plant, which is connected to the main trunk by leaves. It is in this place that it is worth separating the young growth, but this should be done only after the end of flowering.

Bush division scheme

A shoot is cut off from an adult trunk with a sharp knife; it is advisable to treat the cut site with wood ash. The resulting plant is treated with fungicides and planted in pre-prepared soil according to a 20 cm x 20 cm pattern. By winter, the young plant will take root, and in the spring of next year you can expect the first flowers.

Layerings

Reproduction by layering is quite popular; it does not require a lot of time and effort. It is enough to take a longer side branch, make a small depression under it, and water it . Next, lay the cuttings and lightly sprinkle them with garden soil and press down a little.

Reproduction scheme by layering

Periodically, in the absence of precipitation, the cuttings must be watered with small portions of settled water. In the fall, the cuttings will already have their own roots, but there is no need to trim them; it is better to do this in the spring. It is advisable to sprinkle the cuttings with ash, and transplant the cuttings along with the earthen ball to a permanent place of residence.

To ensure reliability, the cuttings can be pinned with small spikes made of wood or metal, and mulched with peat for the winter.

Growing and caring for saxifrage

Growing saxifrage is not difficult; in nature, the plant has learned to adapt to the most spartan conditions: poor soil, harsh winters, scorching summer sun. Therefore, excessive care for the grass is rather harmful. However, an attentive gardener always wants to create the best conditions for his green pet. We will tell you how to do this below.

First of all, I would like to note that there are no uniform recommendations for all types of perennials, because they are scattered all over the globe, which means they grow in very different climates: from the northern Arctic to the southern Mediterranean. However, almost all saxifrages cultivated in our gardens are, as a rule, winter-hardy, undemanding to soil and fertilizing, and also moisture-loving.

Location, soil

As a rule, saxifrage grows best in areas with some shade, but can withstand direct sun. True, in this case, unsightly burn spots may appear on the delicate petals and leaves, and the color of the flowers will become much less bright. It is best to place the perennial in slightly shaded, eastern or western areas, sheltered from scorching rays and strong drafts.

As has been said more than once, this beautifully flowering ground cover grows mainly in the mountains and foothills, that is, on rocky, poor soil with a high lime content. It is quite difficult to recreate such a substrate in culture, because the soil of personal plots is usually fertile and rich in humus. In order for saxifrage to grow and develop well, heavy garden soil can be diluted with clean coarse sand, making it more loose, water- and breathable.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the acid-base balance of the substrate. The vast majority of plant species prefer slightly alkaline or neutral soil.

[!] The exception is saxifrage obtufolia, the only species that grows well on an acidic substrate.

Typically, the soil in garden plots has an average pH; acidic soils are very rare. But even in this case, high acidity can be reduced by adding natural or industrial lime additives. The procedure is usually carried out in the fall, repeating it no earlier than after 8-9 years.

Watering, fertilizing

Unlike other mountain plants, saxifrage prefers moderately moist soil and does not tolerate periods of long drought. Care should be taken to ensure sufficient watering, especially necessary on hot summer days. You need to water the ground cover carefully, adding water not at the root, but sprinkling it from above like rain. The procedure is best done in the morning or evening.

Raz-grass does not need special feeding; it is able to obtain all the necessary minerals on its own, from the substrate.

Flowering, replanting, wintering

Most garden forms of saxifrage bloom in early summer, and the flowering duration is 1-1.5 months. There are also species that bloom again in the fall.

After flowering has finished, all old flower stalks should be removed. Firstly, they spoil the appearance of elegant curtains, and secondly, they interfere with the formation of new shoots.

Old saxifrages that grow in one place for a long time, as a rule, lose their beauty and grace: the leaves become smaller, flowering becomes rare. Therefore, once every 5-6 years, the perennial needs to be rejuvenated by dividing or cuttings and transplanting to a new place.

Almost all saxifrage introduced into cultivation are frost-resistant and can withstand temperatures down to -25°C. The ground cover feels great not only in temperate gardens, but also in the north, surviving even in the most severe cold. That is why the plant does not require winter shelter at all.

Reproduction of saxifrage

Saxifraga can reproduce in several ways: by seeds, by dividing the rhizome, and by cuttings.

Seeds

Groundcover seeds should be sown in late autumn: they need natural winter stratification (hardening).

[!] Only the Arends hybrid goes on sale already prepared. This type of saxifrage can be sown in May, immediately in open ground.

First, the soil should be moistened with a spray bottle, then the seeds should be sown and sprinkled with a small amount of clean, dry sand on top. Saxifraga seeds are very small, so they do not require deep embedding in the ground. In the spring, when several strong leaves appear on the seedlings, they can be thinned out, leaving the strongest shoots so that the distance between them is at least 15 cm. Further care of the seedlings consists only of weeding and carefully loosening the soil. It should be remembered that the flowering of saxifrage obtained from seeds will occur only in the second year.

Adult saxifrage reproduces well by self-seeding, so the spontaneous growth of the perennial should be regulated by weeding out excess clumps.

Root division

Adult healthy specimens of saxifrage can be divided, simultaneously rejuvenating and propagating the plant. The procedure is usually carried out in the fall, after flowering has ended.

The bush is carefully dug up, the soil is lightly shaken off and cut into several parts with a sharp knife, each of which should have several shoots and part of the root. After dividing the curtain, the saxifrages are planted again at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other, choosing slightly shaded places with well-drained soil.

Care

Saxifraga is considered a favorite of flower growers because of its ease of care, but in order to have a beautifully designed ridge, an alpine hill, or just a certain area of ​​the garden, the plant must be surrounded with care. There are no particular difficulties in this, but the process must be taken responsibly.

Saxifraga Peter Pan

In order for the selected saxifrage variety to bloom and grow, it is necessary to provide it with the following conditions:

• First of all, we choose the right place, it should be shady; direct sunlight will soon destroy the garden flower.
• Before planting, pay attention to the soil; it should not be heavy or have stagnant moisture.
• During the growing season and flowering, saxifrage is rarely watered. It is necessary to moisten the soil only in cases where there is no precipitation for more than a month. But at the same time, moderate watering is carried out, preferably flowing, but this depends more on the soil.
• Loosening the soil around saxifrage plantings is necessary; this will protect the trunk from stagnation of moisture. Provides oxygen access to the root collar.
• Weeding is also an important element of care; weeds will not contribute to the growth and development of the flower carpet, so it is better to remove them promptly and regularly.
• Pruning will help maintain the attractive appearance of garden plantings; after flowering, it is necessary to remove all dry flower stalks and leaves.

In addition, a couple of times a month, adult trunks need to be fed to stimulate flowering and better growth to the required areas. It is worth considering that not everything is suitable for saxifrage; first carefully study the necessary information. Universal garden products will not be suitable, but now we will find out which ones will be ideal.

Plant nutrition

It is necessary to stimulate growth and support the plant during the flowering period with fertilizing, but it is important to know which ones are suitable and will not destroy the plant. Saxifraga is picky; nitrogen-containing substances have a negative effect on it; a complex of mineral substances would be an ideal option.

Saxifraga oppositeifolia

But they must be introduced using a special method:

• The fertilizers chosen for saxifrage must be applied along with watering.
• Before preparing the solution, be sure to read the instructions and use exactly half the specified amount of the substance for the indicated amount of water.
• Mix thoroughly and water the plants.

It is advisable to loosen the soil well before applying, remove weeds and excess plants from the flowerbed area.

Much does not mean good, this rule is effective for feeding saxifrage. Excess nutrients will only harm the plant, can cause diseases, attract pests, which will completely destroy the plantings.

Preparing for winter

All varieties of saxifrage tolerate winter cold and frost well, since most varieties come from ancestors from the north. But still, some varieties need help in wintering in order to protect and preserve them.

Juniperus saxifraga

An important point for her will be the preservation of the shoots during reproduction; they must be mulched for the winter with peat or dry small sawdust, and covered with leaves or spruce branches on top.

Well-rooted plants tolerate winter well; their preparation consists of completely cutting off the above-ground part of the plant and covering it with dry leaves or spruce branches. The layer should not be very thick so that air flows normally, otherwise the plants can support and provoke the development of putrefactive diseases.

The soil

The saxifrage plant came to our gardens and flower beds mainly from mountainous regions or from very poor soils that were not suitable for most plants. She learned to take the most from such soil, to survive on it and at the same time to bloom. On good soils rich in nutrients, the plant is unlikely to please with lush greenery and flowering.

Saxifraga Arends

To give the hybrid the opportunity to fully develop, provide it with the right soil, on which it will please the eye for a long time. To do this, it is advisable to remove the top layer of garden soil before planting seedlings, and fill it with a specially prepared soil mixture.

It is unlikely that you will be able to find such a composition in the store, so it is better to make it yourself, for this you will need:

• peat
• greenhouse or garden soil
• lime
• sand
• fine gravel

The first four ingredients are taken in the same proportion, and it is enough to add a handful of pebbles to 5 liters of ready-made soil mixture. The prepared soil is laid on the places where saxifrage grows in the fall, during the winter and early spring it will become compacted, after which it will be possible to plant the plants.

Remove the soil to a depth of 20-30 cm, it is no longer worth it, the roots of decorative saxifrage do not penetrate very deeply.

When sowing seeds and propagating by cuttings, it is advisable to use the same soil; on heavier ones, young plants may not take root or may constantly get sick and wither.

Planting seeds in open ground

There are supporters of this method when there is no need to deal with seedlings. Saxifraga is planted immediately on the site, the plant develops well, but flowers appear only in the second year. If the region has a cold summer and frosts persist for a long time in the spring, then it is better not to experiment and sow seeds for seedlings. Residents of regions with warmer climates and mild winters can plant rip-grass directly on an alpine hill or near the borders and see what the germination rate will be.

There is one advantage in sowing the base directly into the ground - the seeds undergo natural stratification (cold hardening). The plants will be strong and the gardener will not have to waste time growing seedlings.

Landing dates

The suitable period is from March to April. During this period, saxifrage seeds undergo hardening (stratification) in open ground. Shoots appear a little later, but the sprouts are hardened, and there are fewer problems with the further condition of low ornamental bushes.

Choice of location and lighting

Saxifraga is not particularly demanding on growing conditions, but under the scorching sun the leaves can get burned. For this reason, alpine slides and other areas where grass will grow should be arranged in an area with diffused lighting. Light shade has a positive effect on all life processes of the plant. In shaded areas where the sun rarely shines, this species should not be grown: under natural conditions, the flower grows in open space, but not in hot countries, which creates an optimal environment.

To grow rip-grass, you need an area where the soil is not swampy. Strong winds are not a problem (many species grow in the mountains), but if you have free space, it is better to choose a calmer area.

Landing rules

Important points:

• First, they dig up the area, loosen it, remove weeds, then arrange drainage: gravel or sand is poured into each hole;
• then lay the seeds in shallow holes (up to 2 cm), sprinkle with earth, water;
• shoots appear after two to three weeks;
• fertilizing is carried out after germination of the base.

Diseases and pests

Plant requiring attention

All varieties and types of saxifrage are characterized by increased resistance to many diseases and plant pests.

But sometimes, under certain circumstances, the trunk can be affected:

• fungal diseases
• root rot
• powdery mildew
• mealybug
• spider mite
• aphids

Root rot is a consequence of fungal diseases that occur as a result of improper watering or poor soil drainage . The methods of combating these diseases are drastic; diseased plants, along with their rhizomes, are removed from the flowerbed. The vacated space must be treated with fungicides and the soil replaced.

Protection from pests and diseases

Saxifraga does not tolerate stagnant moisture, like most garden plants. The consequence of improper watering or insufficiently loose soil is rotting of the roots, development of powdery mildew, and rust. Fungal diseases quickly deplete plants and often lead to death. It is dangerous if the fungus spreads further across the area and neighboring plants become infected.

What to do if you notice a gray or black or whitish coating, wilting leaves, or poor flower growth? Take urgent action:

• First, check the condition of the root system, carefully dig out the problem plant, which has signs of mycosis: plaque on the leaves, stunted growth, lethargy of the green mass.
• If the roots are almost completely rotten, you will have to burn the affected specimen.
• If the affected area is small, carefully cut off the rotten areas, carefully wash the underground part under running water, and carefully treat them with fungicides. Mycoses cannot be cured without antifungal agents.
• The area where the infected plants grew is also watered with a solution based on the drugs Maxim, Skor, Fundazol, Trichodermin, Abina-Pin, Bordeaux mixture, and copper-containing products. Bittertanol and Propiconazole have a good effect.

Green aphids and spider mites can settle on saxifrage. Leathery leaves attract parasites. To kill aphids, use the drug Pirimor. To combat mites, the humidity is normalized (the parasite develops when the soil and environment are too dry), then the pests are collected, and all parts of the plant are treated with anti-mite agents (acaricides).

Compatibility in landscape design

The low-growing flower is often used in landscape design in various combinations . Its excellent ability to survive and grow on the poorest soils allows it to improve and tidy up the most unfavorable areas of the garden. It is enough to sprinkle rocky areas with a thin layer of garden soil and plant a couple of saxifrage bushes there; in a couple of years there will be a dense carpet of lush greenery and variegated small flowers.

Alpine slide

In addition to single plantings, saxifrage is actively used for ridges and alpine slides; the trunk looks especially impressive with low-growing flowering specimens. Ideal options would be irises, phlox, tiarella.

As borders, saxifrage is combined with purslane , but this proximity will not last long; purslane must be constantly reseeded.

Large tubs with saxifrage are very popular ; in winter they are admired indoors, only the temperature is selected accordingly.

Planting and care

Where to plant?

Saxifraga is not a capricious flower; it likes any soil, except those that are too acidic. It feels good even on clay. You can choose any place for the flowerbed: sun or shade - it doesn’t matter.

Landing Features

To plant a saxifrage plant, cool time is necessary, then the seedlings will take root without much loss. It is best to plant saxifrage in a checkerboard pattern. Over time, shoots will grow, covering the surface of the flowerbed. Plants can be replanted throughout the growing season, you just need to take the soil along with the carpet.

An alpine slide with stones is the best planting option, since the plant does not tolerate stagnant water. It is also necessary to choose the right neighbors for the saxifrage so that the ground cover plant cannot choke them out.

Planting rules:

1. Make shallow holes in the prepared and spilled soil. This work must be done 24 hours before planting.
2. Seedlings or rooted cuttings are placed in the center and the hole is filled with soil.
3. The earth is pressed well around the outlet.
4. Water carefully, avoiding erosion of the roots. The ideal watering option is along the edge of the hole.

Plant properties

Saxifraga shady variegata

Almost all types of saxifrage from the garden have medicinal properties; everything useful for the human body is found in the leaf blades:

• alkaloids
• flavonoids
• organic acids
• vitamins
• fatty acid

These substances have antitumor, antihemorrhoidal, and antiseptic properties. The decoction calms exacerbation of asthma, relieves symptoms of vomiting and infectious diseases, inflammation of the genitourinary system and liver. Fresh leaves will alleviate the condition and help eliminate purulent rashes on the skin.

You can use saxifrage as a medicine only after consulting with a specialist; uncontrolled use can negatively affect human health.

Description of the plant

Saxifraga (Saxifraga) is a perennial (one- and two-year-old species are less common) of the saxifrage family (Saxifragaceae) . The name of the plant comes from two Latin words: “saxum” - rock and “fragere” - to break. This is due to the ability of the plant to settle in rock crevices and destroy rock with its roots. The popular name for saxifrage is “tear-grass.”

In the natural environment, there are about 400 different species of saxifrage. No more than 80 species are cultivated in gardens. They are most widespread in temperate and northern latitudes, including Arctic regions.

Saxifraga, the beauty of which you can appreciate even in the photo, is a low-growing plant that can form a decorative mat. The leaves of different plant species are very diverse in shape and surface type: they can be thick, leathery, dense, fleshy, round or slightly elongated. The color of the leaves varies from dark green to gray-green tones.

The flowers of saxifrage are small, collected in racemes or paniculate inflorescences. Most often there are species with white inflorescences, less often - with pink or red flowers.

Rules for planting saxifrage: sowing seedlings

If you bought the seeds in a store, then questions about the timing and method of growing should not arise. There are usually instructions on the bag. Each variety has its own, but there are still general rules:

• The sowing time for seedlings is from the end of February to May. You can sow in the fall before winter. But the seedlings are very small, they are easily lost and die among the weeds, so it is better to get seedlings on a windowsill under supervision.
• Stratification is recommended for some varieties (Purple Robe, Pink Carpet, etc.), and for all others it will be useful. The seeds are mixed with wet sand and kept in the refrigerator for 2 weeks. You just need to check them more often; seedlings may appear already during stratification. The germination rate of saxifrage is high, and the germination period lasts 10–14 days.
• Sowing is superficial, you can cover it with a layer of soil, but not more than 1 mm!
• The soil should be loose and moisture-absorbing, approximate composition: peat soil, sand, vermiculite in a ratio of 2:1:1/2. Important! Saxifragas are calciphiles; fluff lime or chalk should be added to the soil mixture (100 g per 10 liters of soil).
• Take containers for sowing with a depth of 5–7 cm; drainage holes are required.
• The optimal temperature for germination is +15… +20 °C.
• Until seedlings emerge, keep the crops under film or glass, in the light. Every day, remove the cover, shake off the condensation and close it.
• The seedlings are very tender, water them with a sprayer and keep them in a bright window.

  Saxifraga seedlings are very small, do not let them dry out or rot

• When two leaves appear, not counting the cotyledons, pick the seedlings into cups or transplant them into a common box according to a 5x5 cm pattern.

Further care is the same as for any seedlings: watering, fertilizing, hardening off before planting in the ground.

Pests and diseases

The greatest danger to saxifrage is from dangerous pests such as aphids, spider mites and scale insects. They quickly occupy the plant. Therefore, when the first signs are detected, the leaves are immediately wiped with a damp cloth soaked in a soap solution. If the infection is severe, then they resort to more complex methods, for this they use insecticidal preparations.

If improperly maintained, the following problems arise:

1. Lack of flowering . It happens due to insufficient lighting and during warm wintering. The plant is moved to a brighter place or additional lighting is installed in the form of phytolamps. In winter, they are transferred to a cool room where the temperature is 12–15 degrees.
2. Leaves turning pale . This happens if saxifrage grows in dense shade. Reviewing indoor lighting.
3. Powdery mildew . Increased air humidity in the room or overwatering of the plant. Change the watering regime.
4. Rust on leaves . It happens due to fungal infection. The saxifrage is urgently transplanted.

And also with excessive and uncontrolled watering, as well as keeping them in a cold room, rotting of the roots occurs. In this case, for resuscitation, the plant is removed from the pot, the roots are examined, damaged and rotten areas are removed, and then transplanted into a new container with nutrient soil or its healthy rosette is rooted.