Features of sweet pepper Swallow - rules for planting and care

The Swallow pepper is very popular among summer residents due to its early ripening and friendly yield. It has excellent keeping quality and transportability. Moldova is considered the birthplace of this vegetable crop. The varietal variety of pepper Swallow was included in the State Register of Russia in 1974.

History of the pepper variety Swallow

Homeland - Moldova. Breeders are scientists from the Pridnestrovian Institute of Agriculture. In 1970, breeders applied to register this variety in the state register. In 1974, the plant standard was approved and allowed for cultivation throughout Russia, except for the Central region.

At the moment, numerous companies engaged in breeding work in the Russian Federation are responsible for the safety of the plant. After some time, breeders created another variety of pepper - Golden Swallow. And even though the names of the plants are similar, and the scientist is the same, the characteristics and productivity are still different.

Swallow today is very popular among farmers, some even suggest that the plant received this name because of the amazing shape of the fruit - in the shape of a swallow's beak.

Know the main differences

At the stage of full maturity, the fruits acquire a rich red color. Characteristics and description of the variety:

Bred by Soviet breeders in 1976. Included in the State Register. Widely distributed throughout most of the country, cultivated mainly in the private sector. Suitable for both open and closed ground.

It is distinguished by good plasticity: it easily adapts to the weather conditions of the region and gives stable yields where most other varieties will bear fruit poorly. Due to this, plants grow normally even in unfavorable years.

Plants are standard type, semi-spreading. The height is usually from 45 to 60 cm, the stems are quite strong, but for reliability they should be tied so that the plants do not bend or break under the weight of the crop.

Productivity is approximately 5 kg per square meter

Moreover, the indicators do not change much even if agricultural practices are violated, which is important. But to achieve the best results, care rules should be followed.

This is a mid-season variety

From the moment the first shoots appear until technical ripeness, 120 days pass. In this case, full maturity occurs much later.

The fruits have time to fully ripen in almost all regions

1. The fruits are cone-shaped. The average weight is from 75 to 100 g. The wall thickness is approximately 7 mm, so the peppers are fleshy and juicy.
2. The skin is quite dense. It protects fruits from hypothermia in the autumn. They also tolerate transportation well and are stored well, since the skin protects the pulp well from damage.
3. The taste is good. The fruits are excellent for both fresh consumption and various preparations. The shelf life is long enough, so you can enjoy fresh peppers for a long time.
4. The content of microelements and vitamins is very high. Pepper helps improve immunity; one fruit contains the daily requirement of vitamin C.
5. The variety has excellent resistance to Verticillium wilt. Resistance to other diseases is at an average level.

When grown in mid-latitudes, peppers are harvested at the stage of technical ripeness, when they acquire a light green color and turn red in places. The author of the video notes that this variety is one of the first to ripen because it is unpretentious and grows well even in unfavorable conditions.

Description and characteristics of pepper

The peculiarity of the Swallow pepper is that it can be grown under any climatic conditions. You can plant the plant in a greenhouse, or in open ground.

Scientists prove that Swallow is a healthy variety; it contains a huge amount of nutritional elements necessary for the body. Vitamins B and C play an important role. The product has a low calorie content: 100 g - 43 kcal. Pepper normalizes the gastrointestinal tract and improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

The plant reaches a height of 0.7 m. Approximately 10 large pods are formed on 1 pepper. The plants are leafy and need staking. The leaves are large, rich green in color, with wrinkles on the surface.

Pepper Swallow ripens very quickly, technical maturity occurs after 110 days.

Description of fruits

The main characteristics of Swallow pepper pods:

• in the form of a cone, some specimens in the shape of an oval;
• during technical maturity the color is light green, during biological maturity it is red;
• walls thickness – 70 mm;
• pod weight from 60 to 110 g;
• the peel is not thick, the surface is smooth;
• fruit length 0.1 m.

Productivity

Sweet pepper of the Lastochka variety is distinguished by its high yield, which is why it is valued by farmers. From 1 sq. m you can collect approximately 6-7 kg of fruit.

Suitable region and climate

Sweet pepper itself is very heat-loving, so it is better to grow it in the southern territory. It is also suitable for northern regions, but only for growing in greenhouses.

For good development, the plant needs a temperature of +21...+26 degrees Celsius; at night it should not fall below +17...+20 degrees. The ground temperature is at least +19 degrees. At lower rates, the yield decreases, the leaves wither, and as a result, the Swallow dies. Drought and high temperatures above +34 degrees also negatively affect the plant.

In order for the pepper to begin to bear fruit faster and the harvest to be stable, it is necessary to maintain at least 13 hours of daylight. To grow seedlings in March, special additional lamps are used.

Advantages and disadvantages

The Swallow pepper variety, like other varieties of the crop, has both pros and cons, and they must be taken into account when growing the plant.

Benefits of pepper Swallow:

• a large number of useful microelements, the product is suitable even for diabetics;
• can grow in any climate zone, the main thing is to choose the right place for planting;
• high-yielding;
• has a decorative appearance;
• can be used not only fresh, but also canned.

Disadvantages of the variety:

• too high, supports must be installed;
• demanding on soil composition;
• It is possible to grow in open soil, but it is very difficult.

Harvest and storage

For long-term storage, sale or transportation, peppers are picked at the stage of technical maturity. After 20-30 days, biological maturation occurs. Such fruits have a shorter shelf life. The harvest can be stored in boxes or plastic bags. Pepper is stored at 8-10˚C and 80-90% air humidity .

Swallow is not a demanding variety. It bears fruit well in different regions. The variety is resistant to some diseases, which helps increase productivity. When growing, you need to take into account the need for gartering this pepper.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with our materials on how to grow such varieties of pepper as: Bogatyr, Lesya, Ram's Horn, Atlant, Gogoshary, Bulgarian, Orange, Star of the East, as well as California Miracle.

Landing Features

You can get a rich harvest only with proper planting. There are several main stages that have their own characteristics and nuances.

Seed preparation

The most important thing is to sow the seeds of the Swallow pepper in time. If you are late, the plant will begin to develop later, and therefore will not bring the harvest it should. The sprouts will hatch only after 2 months, so sow the seeds in mid-February. If you plant the seedlings immediately in open soil, it is better to sow the planting material in early March.

To ensure a high percentage of germination, the seeds should be selected correctly. First, inspect them carefully, throw out the bad ones and keep the good ones. Add 1 tbsp to a container of water. l. salt and place all the seeds in the solution. Keep the seed in this mixture for about a quarter of an hour, throw away any grains that float to the top. They are of low quality and will not sprout.

Rinse the seed material under running water and dry. To avoid the development of all sorts of diseases, treat the grains - place them in a weak solution of potassium permanganate (1%), keep the seeds in it for 20 minutes, then rinse the seeds. This procedure will not only strengthen the immune system and prevent infection in the future, but will also increase the pepper’s resistance to adverse weather conditions.

You can germinate the seeds in advance - place them on damp gauze, and plant them as soon as the sprouts appear.

Sowing seeds for seedlings

Prepare containers and fill them with soil mixture, make small holes approximately 15 mm deep. Place 1 grain in each, there should be no less than 3 cm between the plants. The swallow does not tolerate picking and replanting, so it is better to sow the grains directly into separate pots.

Use peat tablets, then together with them you can plant pepper seedlings in the ground.

Growing seedlings

If the seeds are sown in a large box, then after forming 2 sheets, pick. To do this, take cups (0.5 l) and transplant one seedling into them. Place the seedlings on the sunny side of the windowsill.

As soon as the temperature outside rises to +15...+18 degrees, carry out hardening. Leave the seedlings on the balcony overnight. Water the plants with warm water once a week. After a week, apply mineral supplements.

Planting seedlings in open ground

Almost all gardeners rely on the appearance of the seedlings; as soon as the sprouts become strong, a rich green mass appears on them - the pepper is planted.

The plant is transplanted into open ground when buds appear on the seedling. At this time, the air temperature becomes favorable and the plant will begin to develop quickly. Before directly planting the seedlings, fertilize the soil with mineral or organic fertilizers. The swallow loves potassium, so it is better to add this element.

Plant the seedlings so that there is a distance of at least 0.4 m between the seedlings. Do not deepen the plantings; first fill the hole with cool water, and then plant the sprouts. Carry out the second watering only after a week.

To reduce moisture evaporation, cover the seedlings on hot days, and at the same time you will protect the foliage from the negative effects of sunlight.

Care and cultivation

According to general standards, caring for Swallow peppers is not very different from caring for other vegetable crops. It consists of timely watering, loosening, mulching and fertilizing.

Watering and fertilizing

Water the plants only with warm and settled water. A week after planting, the plants are watered every 4 days. Also, keep the soil surface dry and do not allow the earthen crust to dry out. Water more frequently during the fruiting and flowering stages.

If you need to increase the greenness of vegetables, then use the “Growth” product, you can replace it with urea dissolved in water. The number of ovaries can be increased using the “Ovary” stimulator. Epin-extra will help improve the overall health of the plant.

Bush formation

Caring for a plant in a greenhouse also consists of pruning and shaping the pepper bush. Formation is carried out in several stems. Avoid overcrowding the plant. Peppers that are trimmed earlier will begin to bear fruit earlier and more abundantly.

It is necessary to understand that the formation of a pepper crown often brings not only benefits, but also harm. Pruning increases the risk of pests and diseases in the bushes.

When growing this variety, make sure that the bushes do not overgrow; pinch the top when you think that it no longer needs to grow upward. After this process, the plant will begin to grow lateral branches on which the fruits will be located. In addition, cut off the lower stepsons, leaving only strong and strong shoots with flowers in the upper part of the plant.

Weeding and loosening

Weeds cause harm not only to the site as a whole, but also to individual crops in particular. Weeding and weed removal should be carried out simultaneously with loosening the root zone of the pepper. The root system of the Swallow is close to the soil surface, and it is easy to damage it. Do not loosen too deeply.

Collecting seeds

Seeds are necessary for future cultivation of the variety. Pick a fully ripe fruit, wash it, cut it in half and remove the grains. Dry them, they will serve as excellent planting material next year.

Harvest and storage

The stems of pepper Leaf are very thin and fragile, damaging them will not be difficult. To avoid this, collect the fruits carefully and carefully. Start harvesting from the beginning of fruiting, and you can collect it every day, it all depends on the number of plants growing in your area and on the phase of their maturity.

If the weather conditions are favorable, that is, with warm, windless weather and short rainfall, then throughout the entire season you can get approximately 6 kg of sweet pepper from 1 sq. m.

The Lastochka variety is a classic early variety, very popular among gardeners. You can see what it looks like in this video:

How to increase productivity?

The highest possible pepper yield can be obtained using the recommendations of experienced summer residents, here are some of them:

• Place the supports to which the seedlings will be tied into the ground before planting the plants, so that when digging stakes into the ground you will not damage the root system of the pepper.
• Pepper loves moisture, but during heavy and prolonged rains, cover the sprouts with film, otherwise it will begin to rot.
• Over-watering of the root system will only cause harm; first of all, it will affect the risk of all sorts of diseases.
• Remove the first flowers that appear on the upper fork of the branches.
• Harvest the first harvest at the stage of technical maturity, and the rest as desired.
• Do not forget about the need to form a bush.
• Store fruits in the refrigerator for no longer than a month; it is better to freeze them rather than can them.
• If the soil is nutritious and there is no need to apply certain fertilizers, then sprinkle the root circle of the pepper with ash; it will not only act as a fertilizer, but will also protect the bushes from diseases and pests.

Characteristics of the variety

Sweet pepper Swallow is grown in protected greenhouse soil and outdoors. The variety is characterized by low frost resistance, so in regions with mild climates planting on a street ridge is allowed. In the Central region, the Urals and Siberia, peppers are mainly planted in greenhouses. Standard semi-spreading bushes at maturity reach a height of 50-60 cm, no more. The stem is stable and thick; a garter is required.

Full ripening takes from 100 to 120 days, so agronomists characterize Lastochka as an early variety. From the moment of technical maturity to biological maturity, it takes about 2-3 weeks. The yield is stable, the figure is 5-6 kg of peppers per planting meter.

During technical ripeness, the fruits have a white-green color. Then it changes to bright red with a glossy sheen. The shape is elongated, cone-shaped. The stalk protrudes on the surface. The weight of the fruit is from 100 to 150 g, the thickness of the skin is 7 mm. The skin is moderately thick and reliably protects against damage and cracking.

The pepper tastes sweet, without any sharpness or bitterness; the pulp contains a lot of pleasant juice with a subtle vegetable aroma. The crop is grown for making winter preparations: lecho, savory and sweet snacks. Peppers are also suitable for salads and stuffing; they do not lose their shape or appetizing.

Even after reaching biological ripeness, they are well stored and survive transportation normally. They are often grown for sale, since their marketable appearance remains for several weeks even after being picked from the bushes.

Pepper is unpretentious in cultivation, quickly adapts to weather changes, tolerates slight drought, bright sun, resistance to diseases and pests is high, there are practically no cases of infection with Verticillium wilt, other viruses and fungi. Prevention from insect attacks and diseases is recommended; it must be carried out at least 2-3 times during the entire period of growing the crop in order to eliminate the possibility of full infection. Find out the characteristics of the Kakadu pepper.

The advantages of Swallows are:

• fruits of beautiful shape and excellent taste;
• good yield indicator;
• small height of the bush;
• ease of breeding;
• resistance to diseases;
• universal purpose.

Gardeners do not identify any serious deficiencies in the variety and recommend it for planting. The variety is responsive to fertilizing with organic fertilizers and mineral supplements.

Diseases and pests

The Swallow pepper variety has strong immunity and is not susceptible to disease. Good health helps to resist even late blight and verticillium wilt. The swallow rarely suffers from pests such as aphids, spider mites and slugs.

Preventive measures consist of regular removal of weeds from the site, since most of the disease spores are found on such harmful plants. Infections can also be prevented by disinfecting grains and soil for planting Swallow peppers.

Reviews of pepper Swallow

★★★★★
Natalya, 46 years old, housewife, Volgograd. This is not the first season I have been growing Swallow.
The germination of seeds is simply excellent; most likely, it is their processing and preparation that helps with this. The seedlings tolerate hardening well and quickly get used to a new place in the greenhouse. The variety does not require special attention, does not get sick, the main thing is to care for it correctly and regularly. I spray only once per season. The plants grow large and lush, and the number of fruits I get is different each time. ★★★★★
Maria, 67 years old, pensioner, Omsk. Swallow is the best mid-season pepper variety that you can always rely on.
Excellently adapts to climate and sudden changes in weather. The bush is compact and has a large number of ovaries. The fruits are very juicy and tasty, I often preserve various assorted vegetables with them, and are also suitable for making lecho. Hide

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The Swallow pepper variety is one of the best representatives of this culture; it does not require special care. A large number of fruits will provide the gardener with such a harvest that he will be able to realize all his ideas about the use of this vegetable.

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Useful properties of Swallow

The chemical composition of Swallow pepper is close to that which is common for all representatives of this species. Like all bell peppers, this one is very rich in vitamin C, folic acid, potassium, and phosphorus. It contains a high content of B vitamins and rutin, which is beneficial for blood vessels.

This is the first remedy to prevent the occurrence of hypovitaminosis C - just one fruit contains a daily dose of this vitamin. It is useful to eat it for people suffering from cardiovascular diseases, and can be eaten by those suffering from diabetes. Despite all the sweetness of the taste, it does not contain sucrose. Swallow's carbohydrates are fructose.

Thanks to vitamin A, it improves the condition of hair and skin; eating red peppers is especially beneficial. And folate, vitamin E and C have antioxidant effects, preventing cancer and aging. Interestingly, for this purpose it is better to eat green fruits.

This type of paprika contains small amounts of capsoicin, a substance with a pungent, pungent taste. Thanks to its presence, appetite is stimulated and digestion is improved.

How to choose pepper Swallow

It arrives on the shelves in a short time; the season lasts only 1-2 months. On one display case there are red, green, yellow, and even white peppers. All this is one variety at different stages of ripening.

When choosing peppers, in addition to the usual emphasis on freshness and quality, you should also pay attention to color. Thus, green fruits do not like heat treatment and are very bitter in dishes, but they are good for salads and pickling.

Red ones are the sweetest. They are wonderful for lecho and for preparing most dishes. Salads with these peppers are delicious.

What to cook with bell pepper Swallow

You can cook almost any dish! Different options for stuffing, salads, second and first courses, eating peppers fresh - you can do everything. We advise you to stock up on these fruits for the winter. Swallow season is a hot time for a good housewife; may you have many jars of bright, beautiful bell pepper twists as a souvenir of the sunny summer.

The abundance of varieties of vegetable seedlings on market shelves is wonderful. But choosing a crop that will bring a rich harvest, quickly adapt to the environment and will not get sick is not easy. The article will help solve the problem of choosing a vegetable such as bell pepper.

We bring to your attention the Swallow variety - this article will tell you what the advantage is, how to grow it, what the yield is.