Standard roses: photo, shelter for the winter, planting and care

• How to choose standard rose seedlings
• Rules for planting standard roses
• How to cover a standard rose for the winter
• Video: standard roses - planting secrets

Many consider the flowering of a standard rose to be one of the most exciting spectacles in an ornamental garden. A cap of fragrant flowers on a high stem - what could be more amazing?! But not all gardeners strive to have such beauty on their site. And all because the standard form of a rose has its own characteristics, without knowing which it can easily be destroyed. And such a plant is justifiably expensive, because to get it you need to spend four to six years. In this article I will tell you how to help a standard rose take root in the garden and grow a beautiful crown, and how to preserve the plant in the winter.

Standard roses: photo, shelter for the winter, planting and care.

What you need to know when growing standard roses

The main enemy of standard roses is strong wind, so it is important to choose a strong support that should not only be reliable, but also have a decorative appearance. The support must be installed in a hole prepared in advance for planting before planting a standard rose - this will protect the roots of the plant and not damage it. If you prefer to grow a trunk yourself or decide to purchase one, then you should pay attention to the following qualities: the trunk must be even, have a delicate aroma and high-quality flowers with healthy leaves, as well as arched stems - they look most organic in the final flowering version of the tree. It is important to pay attention to the height of the seedlings - the further location of the plant in the arrangement of the garden, and what varieties will be possible to plant on them, depends on this choice. Standard roses are usually divided into categories that depend on the height of the standard and their size, not including the crown itself. Exist:

• low or dwarf standard (from 40 to 45 centimeters)
• semi-standard (from 70 centimeters)
• standard (from 90 centimeters)
• cascade (from 120 centimeters and above)

In general, any variety of roses can be grafted onto a trunk, but choose the right varieties in accordance with the size of the trunk, not forgetting the climatic conditions. It is also customary to graft one type of rose onto one standard, but there are variations when several varieties are used; for these purposes it is necessary to select those that bloom at the same time. Raised standard rose bushes of English types, semi-standard floribunda varieties or miniature patios will look impressive. A rose garden or the presence of roses on a site always looks solemn and elegant.

What to use?

What the plants are covered with is up to the owner of the site to decide. Some choose to install a frame base, which is made of metal. The base is given the shape of a triangle. Non-woven material is laid on top. Another shelter option can be used.

Initially, the crown is insulated, onto which a box made of cardboard is then placed. The main requirement is to prevent moisture from entering the shelter. During the first cold weather, the plant does not need to be covered well; gaps are left in the installation. All openings are closed when the temperature drops to minus seven degrees.

Gardeners who live in the middle zone of the country may make a mistake. It lies in the fact that the plant trunk is not insulated. Recently, snow has begun to fall late, and little snow cover develops during the winter. When cold weather sets in, the trunk cracks.

Therefore, in the spring you will not be able to see greenery and flowers on the trunk. At the final stage of the shelter, the trunk is insulated. You need to put covering materials on top.

When the size of the rose is small, that is, the trunk does not reach 0.8 meters and the climate conditions are not harsh, it is permissible not to bend the flower.

In this case, it hides in a vertical position. You definitely need to hill up the plant. Bags that have no bottom are placed on the crown. The material binds at the grafting site. After this, it is filled with spruce branches or leaves.

What you should pay attention to when buying a standard

Today, in almost any market or in specialized gardening stores you can buy standard roses in various containers: from ordinary bags to containers. By the type of packaging you can understand exactly how the seedling was cared for; a plant grown in a container is more sensitive to the lack of proper watering. It is worth paying attention to the stem of the standard rose; it should be smooth, without damage and no thinner than one centimeter in diameter. If the stem is thicker, this indicates a weeping plant.

If a trunk seedling was purchased with white elongated stems from buds, they must certainly be cut off when planting, so new ones will develop from the buds that are dying in any case. Be careful with roots that are exposed from the ground; such a plant will take longer to take root if it is not watered enough. So, by conducting a little analysis, you can understand how well the seedlings were grafted, what condition the soil and roots are in, and how quickly the seedling will take root and develop in your garden after planting.

Choosing a support

Standard roses are the “highlight” of any garden and will not leave indifferent even the most capricious beauty gourmet. Speaking about the advantages, we should safely give first place to resistance to weather conditions and less resistance to disease, since the tree is located on a hill, and the rosehip base protects the plant from fungal infections. When the time comes to plant the trunk, be sure to replace the temporary support to which it was attached with the main one - as strong as possible. Because if the bush starts to grow too quickly, its weight will also increase quickly. The support should be slightly lower than the crown and located at a distance of about ten centimeters from the trunk. If you are growing a seedling in a pot, take care of additional fastening so that it is resistant to possible winds.

The best option for supporting a standard rose would be metal or wooden stakes, or rods or fiberglass tubes. It is customary to place the support deep into the ground on the opposite side of the slope. The level of inclination is quite easy to determine - you just need to pay attention to the bend at the base of the plant - its opposite side is what we need. Before this shoot became a standard tree, it had a growth direction, after which it was lifted and tied to a support, and a bend was formed. This information will be very useful for winter, when the time comes to cover the roses. Incorrectly inclined bollards run the risk of being broken.

Options

Rose bushes have their own characteristics. They relate to covering the plant for the winter. If roses do not have enough care, the plant stops blooming and soon dies. This flower is difficult to cover.

In fact, it is not a bush, but a small tree. Presented in the form of a large bouquet, which is located on the trunk.

Therefore, it is recommended to first bend the plant down, while trying not to harm it. After this, installation work for the construction of the shelter begins.

Preparatory measures before the onset of cold weather involve performing several sequential actions:

• Initially you need to dig up the flower from the place where it constantly grows;
• transfer the rose to a specially created support;
• organize shelter.

Growing bush roses is a current option among gardeners. This is due to the fact that it is much easier to organize overwintering for this plant. The shape of the bush is simple. There is no need to take additional steps or prepare for winter for a long time.

If we consider a ground-blooded rose, it does not have complex care requirements. Many bushes can survive cold weather. Therefore, the absence of shelters for wintering is allowed.

The gardener takes risks when severe cold comes. This applies to regions located in the north of the country. Similar risks are inherent in a situation where there is practically no snow in winter.

Under these conditions, the ground rose does not require special care. You need to use spruce branches to cover the bush. Tea hybrids and roses classified as floribunda varieties are covered for the winter using airy and dry material.

For this purpose, a frame from a metal base is formed near the bushes. The installation is given a cone shape. You need to pull the material on top. You can choose any material that can insulate the rose.

Polyethylene is laid on top of these layers. This helps protect the plant from water penetration. The film below is pressed down using stones or bricks.

In addition, you can use primer to fill the edges of the film. This will help fix the film. The created shelter helps maintain the temperature regime; the thermometer does not fall below the limit value.

Caring for standard roses

High-quality care for bole roses is no different from caring for simple bush roses and depends on varietal preferences. Roses need good watering, spring protection of the crown from drying out, also weeding, fertilizing and getting rid of pests, and shelter in winter. Typically, the planting of trunks begins in early spring - for central Russia, and for the Moscow regions, the optimal start for planting is the end of April, the beginning of May. Planting begins with digging a hole, which should be larger than the earthen lump that we take out of the pot or bag - there should be enough space for growth and development. The recommended depth for planting roses is 60-70 centimeters; it is important that the roots and the beginning of the seedling are immersed in the soil to this depth, otherwise they can be torn out by a gust of strong wind. The distance between seedlings should be at least 100 centimeters. A standard rose planted directly into the soil needs frequent watering for the first three weeks. If the trunk is grown in a pot, then watering should be carried out daily - moisture quickly evaporates in a small area. In the future, the standard rose will need to be watered depending on weather conditions, less in rainy periods, and more in dry periods.

The watering process should be carried out in the morning or evening, closest to the base, so that the water evaporates more slowly. Mulching will be useful for water retention; the ingredients can be peat or ground pine cones. It is recommended to loosen the soil - for better absorption of water, a good move would be to make holes in the ground, if the trunk is not in a pot, this way the water will be contained and not spread. There is no need to water the rose in the fall, unless it is too dry. It is customary to apply fertilizers in the spring, before the leaves have yet blossomed; fertilizing with nitrogen is suitable; it promotes the process of green growth. In the summer, when the formation of buds begins, standard roses must be fed with phosphorus and calcium; such fertilizers will keep the color of the petals and leaves bright and saturated. In August, fertilizing should be stopped, growth should stop, and in the fall we begin to apply potassium fertilizers to ripen the wood and prepare the plant for the cold. In the spring and summer, do not forget to treat standard roses with pest repellents for preventive purposes.

Preparing for shelter

The crop must be properly prepared for wintering. Autumn care is of great importance, especially for plants planted this season. Basic Rules:

1. In the last days of August, roses are fed with superphosphate (30 g per 1 m2) and potassium salt or potassium sulfate (20 g per 1 m2). You can add wood ash (100 g per 1 m2). The use of complex fertilizers (except for nitrogen-containing ones) is allowed. Potassium and phosphorus have a positive effect on roses and other flowers. Their roots become stronger and their resistance to frost increases.
2. Before you start covering the standard rose for the winter, you need to stop watering. The last time they give water is in mid-September (a bucket per bush) - this will be quite enough. In the second half of the month you need to remove the leaves and buds. Moreover, it is better to do this not immediately, but gradually. All fallen leaves are removed and burned in October, since pests can overwinter in them.
3. Before sheltering for the winter, the standard rose must be pruned. The shoots are shortened by 1/3 of the length, and branches growing inside the bush are also removed (crown thinning).
4. In September and October, it is necessary to thoroughly loosen the soil to ensure sufficient air flow to the roots.
5. After leaf fall, the bushes are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture, iron sulfate or other fungicide.
6. Each standard rose bush should be hilled, and the ridge should be large - from 20 cm. The grafting site is completely covered. This is an additional shelter for the winter that will help you survive the frosts. It is important to understand that the soil must be completely dry to prevent rotting.

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Covering roses for the winter

Preparation for shelter should begin with the removal of leaves, affected areas and immature branches. It is important to act extremely carefully so as not to damage the bush. Before sheltering, water two to three days in advance, of course, if there has been no rain. Usually, sheltering begins in mid-October, but if the temperature drops 5-7 degrees earlier, you should hurry. The covering process should be done in warm and dry weather, otherwise the stems may become too fragile and break when wrapped. For the winter, seedlings should be treated with insecticides and fungicides. It is recommended to start covering the trunk in the afternoon. It is best to tie the shoots of the plant with synthetic rope or other material that will not begin the process of decay until spring. It is customary to protect only the crowns of standard roses from frost, since snow serves as a sufficient protective covering for the base. The tree should not be too close to the ground, as dampness will lead to excessive and, in this case, harmful wetting of the plant. Therefore, we dig a wide trench under the crown, up to twenty centimeters deep, so that we can match the height of the trunk. Next, you need to carefully tilt the rose towards the ground, pointing the rod towards the thickening at the base, but not vice versa. You should be careful with older standard roses; their trunks are less flexible and can break, unlike younger ones.

You can cover the trunk with soil by making a bedding for the crown from dry oak leaves, spruce branches, cardboard or paper. Spruce branches are an excellent material because they do not rot, do not retain moisture and are quite loose. Under no circumstances should you use sawdust or peat - they do not allow moisture to pass through, and the ice crust formed in the process will damage the branches. The roots of the standard rose at the base should be covered with earth, and a little rodent poison or repellent should be placed in the crown. Sprinkle spruce branches on top and finally cover with plastic wrap or other resistant materials. Roses are ready for winter. In the first half of April, you can begin to remove the cover, but you need to do this gradually, otherwise the roses, out of habit, may suffer from sunburn or frost.

Selection of covering material

You can cover roses on a trunk for the winter using different materials - both natural and artificial. They are often used together: they cover the frame with agrofibre, and the space itself is filled with spruce branches, dry leaves, and sawdust. The most common materials are:

1. Spruce branches (spruce branches) are very simple and easy to use. They effectively retain heat and protect against rodents. They may acidify the soil a little, but in the case of roses this is also a plus.
2. Dry leaves are an accessible material, but pests can overwinter on it. Therefore, you should definitely not use rose foliage - you need to take litter from trees (garden and street).
3. Sawdust is an excellent material for filling a shelter. Maintains the desired microclimate, enriches the soil with nitrogen compounds.
4. Agrofibre, spunbond and other non-woven artificial materials are durable and efficient. They are definitely used for final shelter.

The fabric is stretched over the frame and fixed

Varieties of standard roses (video)

Growing standard roses usually takes up to five years, so it is recommended to think in advance about the appearance of your plot and select the varieties you like in accordance with the climate and flowering conditions and the conditions necessary for this type. The garden where roses grow can rightfully be considered royal!

• Author: Svetlana
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When to cover?

It is important to decide correctly when to insulate the plant. The question is quite difficult for summer residents. If at this stage the gardener makes mistakes, this leads to the death of the flower.

Deviations concern both sub-zero and positive temperatures. Gardeners recommend looking at the developing situation and following some rules:

1. Plants are insulated when the first cold weather sets in. This refers to the time when stable sub-zero temperatures were established, and not an isolated occurrence. Before this time, you should not cover roses, as when it gets warm, this leads to the plant overheating and starting to rot.
2. The main signal for starting insulation measures is sub-zero temperatures throughout the week. The flower is not able to tolerate when the temperature drops below minus seven degrees. This factor can destroy the plant.

The optimal time to cover the flower is mid-October. This applies to flowers growing in the middle zone of the country.

In the northern and southern regions, cold weather occurs at a different time. Therefore, gardeners need to take into account the weather conditions in a particular area.