Any summer resident strives to decorate his plot with beautiful flowers and plants. On sale you can find a wide variety of crops that differ from each other in color, size and life expectancy. Gardeners have a special love for wildflowers, which can be grown on their own. It is precisely such plants that include terry cornflower, which we will consider in more detail. “Cornflower, cornflower, my favorite flower” - the words from the famous children's song reflect the views and opinions of many lovers of creating their own garden in the yard or on the plot. Growing cornflower from seeds is not a difficult process, because this plant is quite unpretentious in care and loves the sun's rays, which only makes it more beautiful. Today this flower is widely used in landscape design, when creating flower beds and various compositions that become a harmonious decoration of any garden and patio.
Description of terry cornflower
Terry cornflower belongs to the ornamental crops. Its peculiarity is that the flowers can take on different colors - from white to dark lilac. The plant has double inflorescences that rise on thin branched stems. The height of the bush reaches 50 cm, and the size of the flowers is 6 cm.
Terry plants are distinguished as perennial and annual. All of them are easy to care for, hardy and cold-resistant. Perennial crops do not require special attention and are disease resistant. Terry cornflower can be planted both in flower beds and in microborders. Using these flowers you can create excellent borders and edgings. Cornflowers can also be planted en masse or in separate groups.
What kind of soil do cornflowers need?
The double inflorescences of the plant rise on thin stems half a meter high. They can be planted in flower beds in masses or small groups, or created as borders. The bouquets also look beautiful. There are also low-growing varieties that look even more interesting in flower beds.
Terry cornflowers are not in vain loved by gardeners. After all, growing them is not difficult; there is no need for any special skills. Minimal maintenance is also required. But still, some knowledge will be useful.
These plants can be safely grown from seeds, and they are sown immediately in open ground. There is no need for seedlings. Although if you want to keep flowers in pots on the balcony, then this is possible. The best time for planting is April-May. We need to pay attention to the soil. The soil that is best suited for growing cornflowers is: drained, suspended, non-acidic. If the soil is alkaline, the colors will be brighter and more saturated. Clay soil must be mixed with sand, acidic soil with lime. This must be done in advance, even before the onset of winter.
Before planting, you should fertilize the soil. To do this, add fertilizer to the selected area per square meter: 2 kg of humus and peat, a large spoonful of nitrophoska and 100 g of wood ash. It is important to pay attention to the location of this area. Cornflowers love the sun, they are photophilous. So there shouldn't be any shadow on it. Although these plants are unpretentious, they can bloom in the shade. But this cannot be guaranteed; besides, the flowering will not be as lush, and the brightness of the colors will also suffer.
Groups of terry cornflower
All varieties of cornflowers are characterized by long flowering, often lasting from June to September.
When growing cornflowers, gardeners give preference to perennial varieties, which are easy to grow yourself by sowing the seeds in spring or autumn directly into open ground.
In one place, such varieties can grow for up to 10 years, although it is better to rejuvenate the bushes every 4 years.
Terry cornflowers can be divided into several groups according to stem height:
- low-growing - up to 25 cm high, intended for decorating alpine slides, borders or planting in flower beds in the foreground;
- medium-sized - 25-60 cm in height, which allows them to be used when creating mixborders, flower beds, ridges or for cutting;
- tall - 60-120 cm tall, intended for cutting and group plantings when creating ridges and flower beds; they look great against the background of low, densely leafed shrubs.
What varieties are found?
Today there are about 500 different species of members of the family. They all have a lot of external differences. Breeders have managed to develop many varieties of various rich and muted shades. The most popular are terry hybrids, based on mountain cornflower. Specimens belonging to annual plants delight their owners with flowers until late autumn. You can enjoy these flowers after they wither only by sowing them again.
- Blue cornflower flower - Centaurea cyanus
The most famous and popularized representative. This particular variety has many names: shred, cyanosis, blade, simple hair and others.
It can be either an annual or biennial plant belonging to the Compositae family. Its shoot reaches up to 80 cm. Green leaves are alternate or cobwebby - woolly. The foliage located below is petiolate, all others are linear and entire-marginal.
Blue, sky blue or azure flowers collected in single baskets will allow you to enjoy their mesmerizing blooms from the very beginning of summer until the onset of cold autumn.
The coolest hybrid of this species is the imperial cornflower.
- White hairworm - Centaurea margaritalba
The height of this species does not exceed 30 cm. Five-centimeter baskets include white double flowers. This variety is very rare, so it is listed in the Red Book, which prohibits damage to rare specimens.
- Mountain knapweed - Centaurea montana
The most recognizable perennial. The height of its shoot reaches 80 cm. The leaves are entire, oblong-lanceolate, dull green in color. The flowers located in the outermost row are funnel-shaped and colored deep blue or light blue. The middle flowers are tubular and endowed with a purple, blue or violet-lilac hue. This species is collected in rather large inflorescences of a basket with a circumference of about 5-7 cm.
- Yellow bighead - Centaurea macrocephala
It is a shrub whose size reaches 120 cm. The flowers of this amazing representative of the cornflowers are about 7 cm and are painted in a canary-yellow hue. Oblong-lanceolate leaves are located on erect massive stems. You can enjoy its flowering for 1.5 months, starting in July.
- Double cornflower
The height of the variety varies from 40 cm and reaches 120 cm. They can come in a wide variety of colors.
- Shelf pillbox mix of different colors
- Lingonberry jam mix
- Glow
- Terry ball mixture
- Sorcerer
- Black ball
- Confetti
- Chill
- Voloshka Blue ball
- Benefit
- Cornflower blue eyes
- Dwarf or gnome
- Lagoon
- Pink or red ball
- Terry giant
- Kai and Gerda blue and white flowers
- Blue cornflower - Centaurea jacea
A perennial variety not exceeding 80 cm in height. The ribbed, erect shoot has a gray or cobwebby coating. The foliage is lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate in shape. Winged petioles hold the lower leaves, while the upper and middle ones are located on sessile petioles. The petals are colored lilac-pink, and sometimes white. The large marginal flowers are funnel-shaped, collected in inflorescences; it is also worth noting that they are sterile. The flowers located in the center have a tubular shape. Most common in Europe.
- Oriental cornflowers - Centaurea orientalis
These hairs have been known since 1759. A perennial species most often found in the natural environment. The height varies from 80 cm and reaches 120 cm. On long petioles there are pinnately divided leaves. Yellow flowers are collected in baskets.
Hybrid perennial cornflowers in the garden at the dacha video:
- Cornflower is a perennial favorite
The variety will grow no higher than 60 cm. Blue flowers bloom on an erect shoot, which after some time become slightly pinkish, and soon completely white.
- Field hair - Centaurea cyanus L
The height of this annual species is no more than 60 cm. Its flowering begins in May and lasts until August. Lanceolate-linear grayish-greenish leaves grow on massive shoots. The outer ones are solid, while the lower ones, on the contrary, are slightly lobed. The blue marginal flowers are funnel-shaped, while the middle ones are tubular in shape.
- White cornflower – Centaurea dealbata Willd
A variety of perennial flower with straight branched spreading shoots, the height of which does not exceed 60 cm. It is considered the most beautiful representative of the cornflower family , because its upper pinnately dissected oval leaves are green and the lower ones are snow-white. The circumference of the deep pink flowers is about 4 cm. Flowering lasts from June to September.
- Pink hairworm - Centaurea macrocephala rosea
Meter-long erect thick stems are decorated with oblong-lanceolate leaves. The inflorescences reach up to 5 cm in circumference. Pink cornflower begins to bloom in July and pleases its owners for 1.5 months.
- Garden cornflower
As previously mentioned, simple-looking creatures are highly decorative.
The most popular are the perennial varieties, to which this variety belongs. After planting, it can feel great in the same place for about 10 years. But the most important advantage is that garden blueflower, like border cornflower, does not require special care. In landscape design, they are often used in general plantings; if you plant low-growing specimens, they perfectly emphasize the magnificence of the queen rose with their simplicity. They also look great along paths or borders. If you plant tall pets, it is better to give preference to the background of the plantings.
Gardeners do not disdain single plantings, for example, in the middle of an emerald grass lawn or far away near a fence or any fence. Voloshka is a discovery of amateur gardeners.
Sowing dates for terry cornflower
Sowing of seeds is carried out after the soil has warmed up. Most often, this is the second or third ten days of April or the first ten days of May. Within a week or two, young shoots will appear on the surface. You will be interested to know how the medicinal properties of cornflowers are used. When self-seeding, it is necessary to thin out to maintain a distance of 30 cm between plants. If you plan to grow perennial plants from seeds, then you need to sow them before winter, when the ground is already beginning to freeze. Such seeds overwinter well and begin to grow in the spring.
Cornflower - plant propagation
Reproduction occurs by root cuttings, dividing the bush and seeds, which are sown in April in the place of permanent growth, followed by thinning (maintaining a distance of 15-20 cm). Also, cornflower reproduces by abundant self-sowing after flowering.
Transplantation and planting can be done after flowering (late August - early September). To do this, the bush intended for division is dug up, thoroughly shaken off the ground and the roots are washed with water. Ground shoots are trimmed and a portion is cut off from the peripheral part of the bush. Such a plot must have at least 3 buds for next year. Then the division is immediately planted in place, cutting off the ground part so that it is no more than 10 cm in height from the soil level. Water moderately 3-4 times a week for a month for normal rooting. Next summer the plant will bloom profusely.
Annuals with a tap root reproduce only by seeds, which are sown in the ground in early May. Shoots will appear in a week. It is better to sow immediately in place, since most annual species do not tolerate transplantation well and may not take root.
What you need to consider when growing terry cornflower from seeds
It is best to grow terry cornflower from seeds in a place that is under the sun. The flower prefers soil with good drainage, non-acidic. If you use alkaline soil, then there is a chance that the crop will bloom more intensely, and its flowers will have a rich, bright color. If the soil on the site is predominantly clay, then experienced gardeners recommend adding river sand to it.
And if the soil is very acidic, then it must be diluted with lime before starting to grow terry cornflowers from seeds. It is important to take into account here that liming should be done before the start of winter, spreading lime in a centimeter layer on the surface of the soil. Beautiful calendula flower, growing from seeds and when to plant.
Sowing terry cornflower seeds in the soil
When growing cornflowers, there is no need to take care of the seedlings. This flower germinates and grows well when sown directly in the ground. In addition, the cornflower root is a taproot, so this plant does not readily tolerate transplantation. Sowing is done very rarely, and after germination it is also thinned out.
How to deal with pests?
The distance between plants is left 5-10 cm if tall forms are sown. Then, when lodging, the plants seem to support each other. But low varieties and hybrids of cornflower are thinned out, leaving a distance between plants of up to 20 cm. Low forms are more likely to bush, they are not so susceptible to lodging. A gusty wind can’t turn them into disheveled handsome men so quickly.
Rules of care
To prevent cornflowers from shading each other as they grow, they are planted at a distance of at least 15-50 cm from each other. Cornflowers are transplanted using the transshipment method. To do this, add a little ash mixed with loose fertile soil to the prepared holes, place one sprout in each hole without removing it from the peat cup or tablet. If the seedlings were grown in cassettes, then using a picking stick, the plants along with the earthen ball are removed from them and planted in the holes. The planted plants are sprinkled with soil, compacted and watered.
Caring for terry cornflower, after planting it in a permanent place, consists of:
- in moderate watering, without waterlogging;
- if necessary - in weeding and loosening;
- in applying fertilizers during budding to obtain more intense color in flower baskets;
- You can speed up the flowering of double cornflower if you spray the plants with a Zircon solution at the beginning of the budding period;
- dusting plants and soil with ashes will prevent fusarium from damaging cornflowers. For the same purpose, you can use a solution of foundationazole.
It is recommended to cut off buds that have bloomed.
Advice! To prevent a decrease in the decorative qualities of double cornflower and at the same time increase the duration of flowering, you should regularly remove faded buds, cutting them off at the rosette level.
When growing double cornflowers for cutting, they should be fed with fertilizers every 2 weeks, which will protect the plants from depletion. These unpretentious flowers practically do not suffer from fungal diseases and pests. If a spider mite infestation occurs, the top part of the plant should be cut off and destroyed. In this case, the plant will not die, but next year it will delight you with regrown shoots.
Double cornflowers withstand low temperatures, almost never freeze, and therefore do not require additional shelter in winter. If desired, several bushes can be dug up in the fall, transplanted into pots and brought into the house, then the cornflower will enjoy its flowering for some time.
Cornflower seeds can be collected in the second year
Already in the second year, these flowers are capable of producing full-fledged seeds, which you can collect yourself to grow new seedlings.
Growing terry cornflower seedlings in a greenhouse by sowing seeds in separate containers will produce strong plants ready to bloom in late spring. This method effectively solves the problem of decorating a garden plot, creating flower beds, mixborders, and stepped flower beds.
Caring for double cornflowers
Proper planting of double cornflower seeds in open ground is still half the battle.
A few days before flowering, double cornflowers need to be fed. For this purpose, nitrophoska and urea are usually used. One tablespoon of each component is diluted in 10 liters of water. The plant must be watered with this solution to provide it with all the necessary nutrients for growth.
If the soil dries out, then water the terry cornflowers sparingly.
This flower can grow even in poor soil and without feeding, while still producing full flowers
How to properly care for blue flowers after planting
Cornflowers, when planted and cared for in open ground, are kept to a minimum, still need some attention. All you need to do is water, weed and loosen the top layer close to the hairs.
If faded flowers appear on the bush, then they should be removed to preserve its decorative effect.
If you are growing flowers for cutting into bouquets, be sure to apply complex fertilizers once every 2 weeks for enhanced support for long-term flowering.
There are practically no parasites that could harm the plant. Spider mites are a pest that can somehow ruin the decorative appearance of foliage. If you do not want everyone else in your garden to be at risk of infection, get rid of the infected leaves.
The photo of cornflower, which shows all its unusualness and beauty, is used not only to decorate the garden, but also for other (useful) purposes.
Where is the hair used?
Its flowers are used not only in folk, but also in classical medicine.
- With their help, you can get rid of some diseases of the eyes, liver and bile ducts.
- It is part of various antiseptics that are used to disinfect wounds and fractures.
- Popular infusions of cornflowers are used as a diuretic.
- Some of the varieties will help cure coughs and colds.
- In addition, these infusions are drunk as a prophylactic against ARVI.
- In order to restore the menstrual cycle, you need to drink a decoction of cornflowers.
- This flower is also used in cosmetology to get rid of emerging skin problems, including bags under the eyes, enlarged pores, and allergic rashes.
The cultivation of cornflower snow queen, which is quite simple, just like other representatives of this family, has contraindications for use if there is a lack of perception of the components.
Important! Before trying to get rid of any ailments with its help, be sure to make sure that blue flowers will not harm you.
How to properly collect and harvest blue meadow cornflower
Inflorescences must be collected at the time of their peak flowering.
The root system should be dug up in late autumn. Everything you managed to collect needs to be laid out under a canopy or in a special dryer. The cornflower blue color of the photo, which shows how beautiful the representatives of this family are, are used both in single plantings and in compositions. Thanks to low-growing bushes, you can decorate borders and paths, as well as diversify rose bushes. If you have chosen tall species, then the most suitable place for them is the background.
Having become the owner of such amazing flowers, which can be of a wide variety of colors, you will be able to enjoy their lush bloom, giving joy to you and your loved ones.
Possible problems of terry cornflowers
Such environmentally friendly means include ash, which is sprinkled on flowers. You can also water them with a solution of fresh manure. To prepare it, you need to mix water and mullein in equal proportions. The mixture should infuse for 3 days. This solution not only fights fungus well, but is also a fertilizer. If these recipes turn out to be ineffective, then use drugs from the store.
Cornflower Enchanter dark burgundy
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Terry cornflowers in flower beds
In total, about 500 species of cornflowers are known, which grow in Europe, Asia and America. But the greatest value for gardeners is primarily the large-flowered varieties of perennial cornflowers, which are very suitable for cutting and planting in flower beds.
The meadow cornflower is considered a symbol of fidelity and constancy because of its heavenly clear blue color. However, some people, thanks to the rainbow variation of its shades, on the contrary, considered it an indicator of impermanence.
In combination with daisies, meadow cornflowers were included in bouquets for beloved girls in the old days. And the young women, in turn, wove it into wreaths, which they then placed on the heads of their chosen ones. Cornflower loves sunny meadows and meadows, unshaded beds and flower beds. Growing from seeds allows you to find the most suitable place for it. The best neighbors in the flower bed for it are white chamomile, gaillardia, gravilat, and peach bell. It has long been an indisputable fact that cornflower is one of the best decorations for any flower garden.
In general, terry cornflower is an extremely unpretentious plant. It can grow on fairly poor soil and without any additional fertilizer, delighting owners with flowering. But proper care of this crop will make it a real decoration of your garden plot. Plant double cornflower in the garden and let these flowers delight you!
