Cinquefoil shrub care and cultivation, pruning and propagation

Methods of propagation of cinquefoil bush

• Reproduction by layering is
  the easiest way. To do this, the cut shoot must be bent to the soil, secured with a pin at the cut site and sprinkled with earth. After the cuttings have formed their own root system, they are transplanted to a new location.
• Propagation by cuttings They are cut from last year's growth at the beginning of summer, the lower leaves are removed, and for better survival they are treated with Kornevin's solution. Root in moist soil, choosing a slightly shaded corner of the garden, covering it with a glass jar or the top of a plastic bottle. It is advisable to spray the cuttings with water several times a day. The buds that appear must be torn off so that the blooming flowers do not weaken the young plant.
• Dividing the bush Cinquefoil, starting from 4 years of age, can be planted. This is done in spring and autumn, both in the morning and in the evening, but certainly in warm weather. The selected shoot (it should have growth buds) must be separated from the mother plant and planted in a permanent place and watered.
• Propagation by seeds They are collected at the end of summer or mid-autumn (depending on the region), cleaned and dried, and placed in paper bags for storage (germination remains for several years). Some gardeners plant the seeds immediately after collecting. In general, planting seeds is possible both in spring and before winter. The seeds are very small, so they cannot be covered with soil; it is better to distribute them over the surface of a ridge or planting box and lightly press them with your hand. Cinquefoil often self-sows; these seedlings can also be used for propagation. Small plants (both those grown from seeds and self-seeding) are transplanted to a distribution ridge, and after 2 years - to a permanent place. When using this method of propagation, the qualities of the mother plant are not always transmitted.

Potentilla seedlings

Properties of cinquefoil - benefits and harms

Beneficial features

Mainly three types of herbaceous cinquefoil have healing properties - white, goose and erect, or galangal. Their properties differ slightly, and if you use cinquefoil preparations externally, then by and large it does not matter which type you use for treatment, since, as studies have shown, extracts from roots and herbs are non-toxic and have almost the same healing power. Oral use of preparations from the aerial parts of the white cinquefoil stimulates the central nervous system, and extracts from the roots increase the filtering capacity of the kidneys by 28%.

White cinquefoil, like galangal, is used in the treatment of dysentery, colitis and other gastrointestinal disorders accompanied by diarrhea. Cinquefoil is also used to treat liver diseases manifested by jaundice, in particular hepatitis. In addition, white cinquefoil is used today even in traditional medicine for inflammation of the thyroid gland: an alcohol tincture of white cinquefoil, used in drops according to a certain scheme in parallel with drug treatment, gives good results.

The tincture is prepared very simply: crushed dry cinquefoil root is infused with vodka, then the infusion is filtered. The uniqueness of white cinquefoil lies in the fact that it contains almost the entire periodic table, there are so many macro and microelements in it: gallotanin, phenolcarboxylic acids, starch, saponins, flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, cyanidin, kaempferol), iridoids, iodine, magnesium , copper, zinc, iron, cobalt, silicon, aluminum, and the roots of the plant contain more biological substances than the above-ground part.

The healing properties of cinquefoil erecta, or galangal grass, have been known for a long time. The chemical composition of cinquefoil erecta includes tannins, essential oils, flavonoids, elagic, malic and chitinic acids, wax, starch and gum, as well as vitamin C. Kalgan has an astringent, bactericidal, and anti-inflammatory effect.

Essential oil from the plant is used in the treatment of some female diseases, tinctures and decoctions - externally for eczema, atopic dermatitis, as rinses for inflammation of the oral cavity and larynx, for douching for gynecological diseases. A decoction and infusion of stems, leaves and inflorescences of galangal is used in the treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis with congestion to lower the level of bilirubin in the blood and relieve edema.

However, we must not forget that when taking galangal preparations orally, they can cause constipation due to the large amount of tannins they contain.

Cinquefoil also contains tannins, essential oils, flavonoids, starch, as well as bitterness, ascorbic and quinic acids, choline, zinc and other substances necessary for humans. All parts of the cinquefoil are used to produce medicinal compositions: a decoction of the root is used to externally treat wounds, abrasions, hematomas, bruises, as well as weeping eczema and neurodermatitis. It gives good results when treating hemorrhoids and douching with a decoction of the vagina for gynecological inflammation. It is also effective in the treatment of stomach and duodenal ulcers, hepatitis and acute intestinal infections.

A decoction of seeds in milk is used for gastroenteritis, painful menstruation and spastic colitis. A water decoction of the herb and rhizome relieves cramps in the calf muscles. A fresh infusion of the herb treats inflammation of the oral mucosa, sore throats and pharyngitis, and also copes well with pustular skin lesions and trophic ulcers when used externally. Fresh goose cinquefoil juice in half with green rye juice is taken in a dessert spoon three times a day as a choleretic agent for removing sand and small stones.

Among the shrubby species of cinquefoil, the tops of young shoots of the Kuril cinquefoil have healing properties. Kuril tea is used as a choleretic, diuretic, antidiarrheal, antiulcer, sedative, hemostatic, antidiabetic, antiviral, antiallergenic, analgesic and immunostimulating agent for gastrointestinal and female diseases, in the treatment of boils, abscesses and other wounds, for rinsing with sore throats, stomatitis and other inflammations of the oral cavity. It is effective for constipation and diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, stomach ulcers, colitis, cervical erosion and uterine bleeding.

Contraindications

Taking preparations from cinquefoil and galangal is not recommended for people with increased blood clotting, prone to blood clots, or hypotension, since these drugs tend to lower blood pressure, like white cinquefoil. It is necessary to remove sand and stones from the ducts using a cinquefoil under the supervision of a doctor. Potentilla preparations can irritate the gastric mucosa. Pregnant women and those suffering from individual intolerance to the plant should refrain from treatment with galangal.

Features of caring for shrubby cinquefoil

With the right approach, growing and caring for shrubby cinquefoil can turn into a real pleasure. The greatest difficulty is only in pruning the plant, but soon a novice gardener will acquire skill and dexterity.

Watering and fertilizing

The shrub tolerates drought well, but to ensure that it does not lose its attractiveness, the gardener must monitor the condition of the soil. It will be enough to water the plant once every 15 days, using about 10–12 liters for each bush. Water should be taken warm, preheated in a barrel to ambient temperature.

If the surface of the earth is mulched, then you will not have to weed the weeds often; it is enough to remove large, fast-growing specimens as they grow. Soil aeration is of great importance; for this reason, the soil around the bush must be loosened weekly, but act carefully, trying not to damage the root system.

After planting, shrub fertilizing should be carried out at intervals of 3–4 times per season. You can use a solution of mullein with the addition of ash, an extract of vermicompost, or a complex of minerals for flowering plants.

Pruning cinquefoil bush and preparing for winter

Pruning is carried out in early spring, while the plant has not yet recovered from hibernation, and in the fall. When growing compact shrubs, you can limit yourself to sanitary pruning by removing dried and broken branches. Spreading bushes are often given a decorative shape. Most often, it is a ball, pillow, pyramid. Adult specimens aged 7 years or more are rejuvenated. To do this, up to a third of the old branches are cut out every year until the bush is completely renewed.

Growing and caring for shrubby cinquefoil does not require complex measures in preparation for winter. The gardener only needs to remove dried inflorescences from the bush and remove fallen leaves from the area. The shrub tolerates winter well and does not need additional shelter. The only exceptions are young seedlings rooted this year. They are hilled up, the ground is sprinkled with a layer of humus or peat, and, if necessary, covered with spruce branches.

Options for using cinquefoil

Cinquefoil is an almost universal shrub that can be easily shaped and retains its decorative appearance from early spring to late autumn.

Low-growing varieties of cinquefoil look great in rock gardens. A dwarf bush, covered with bright flowers from June to October, will become the center of the composition and an excellent company for decorative leafy creeping perennials.

For a rock garden, it is better to choose the dwarf shrubby cinquefoil, which will not cause problems in care, while the creeping type of shrub will have to be pruned more often due to its aggressive growth.

Tall varieties, reaching 1.5 m, are best suited for use in creating hedges. Such a “living” fence will please the eye until winter. To ensure that the hedge does not lose its decorative value in the cold season, it is good to combine cinquefoil with evergreen conifers; moreover, they are very favorable to such a neighborhood.

The plant is unpretentious, but gratefully responds to watering, especially in hot summers. For good growth, it is advisable to water Kuril tea twice a week. The water temperature does not play a special role, and the optimal amount is about 5 liters for each bush.

To feed cinquefoil, it is better to use combined potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. You can use ready-made mixtures or make them yourself. To do this, dissolve 20-30 g of phosphates and 10-15 g of potassium fertilizers in 10 liters of water. This amount is enough for one adult plant. It is best to fertilize the cinquefoil for the first time in the spring, after the buds awaken.

Spring care for cinquefoil plays the greatest role in the development of the plant. As soon as the snow melts, you can carry out the first pruning of the shrubby cinquefoil. At this time, last year's flower stalks are removed. If there is no time for the first pruning, then the main pruning of the shrubby cinquefoil is carried out when the buds awaken and it is clear how well the plant has overwintered.

If the winter has been harsh, the shrubby cinquefoil may take a long time to emerge from hibernation, so do not rush with pruning.

In the fall, the five-leaf plant is pruned, preparing the plant for wintering. At this time, all overgrown shoots are removed. Give the bush the desired shape. With the first frost, you can remove the remaining cinquefoil flower stalks, then they will not need to be trimmed in the spring.

Reproduction and planting of shrubs

The plant is unpretentious to soils, light-loving, although it tolerates partial shade. If you want to get the most positive result, then do not be lazy to follow a few rules when planting and then the cinquefoil will thank you with rapid growth and abundant flowering.

On this topic:

It is best to plant cinquefoil as a shrub in the spring, but if in the spring you did not have time to decorate the area with this plant, then it is better to postpone planting until the fall. The optimal depth of the hole for planting shrubs is 50-60 cm. A drainage layer of about 15 cm is poured onto the bottom. Then the hole is filled with a soil mixture of sand, humus and turf soil. Regardless of the season, it is best to plant cinquefoil in warm, cloudy weather.

You can propagate shrubby cinquefoil in several ways:

• dividing the bush;
• cuttings;
• seeds;
• layering.

Cuttings

The most popular propagation of cinquefoil is by shrub cuttings. In summer, cuttings 10-15 cm long are cut from one-year-old branches. The lower leaves and buds are carefully removed. Prepared cuttings are placed in a loose, well-moistened substrate in boxes or in a shady part of the garden. To speed up the formation of the root system, cover the top with plastic bags or jars. For the winter, seedlings are covered with a layer of sawdust or pine needles to protect them from frost.

Reproduction by layering

Low-growing, spreading varieties of cinquefoil, which have branches growing parallel to the ground, can be propagated by layering. To root, a small incision is made on the bark of the plant, near the bud, it is placed in moist soil and pressed. Layers can be separated from the parent bush next year, in the spring.

Dividing the bush

The strongest planting material is obtained by propagating Kuril tea by dividing the bush. Plants aged 4 years and older are suitable for this. An adult plant is dug up, and part of the root with growth buds is separated from it. The cuttings are placed in a rooting agent for 12 hours (Bioglobin, Gumix or any other that you are used to using). After this, the plants are planted in previously prepared holes so that the growth bud is buried 5 cm. Potentilla transplantation by dividing the bush can be done in autumn or spring.

Growing from seeds

Propagation by seeds is the most time-consuming method, but thanks to it you can grow the most decorative and rare varieties of shrubby cinquefoil. Seeds that have been stored for no more than 3 years are suitable for planting. If the seeds are too dry, they should be soaked in water for a day to awaken. The seeds are placed in fertile soil to a depth of 2-3 cm. Watered and covered with film or a plastic bottle.

The first shoots appear after three weeks, after another month they can be planted. A plant grown from seeds will bloom in the third year after planting.

Growing cinquefoil from seeds

One option for propagating yellow cinquefoil is to plant seeds. Experienced gardeners recommend carrying out this procedure directly in open soil in the fall. During the winter, the seeds will undergo natural stratification, so by spring, friendly shoots will be ensured. Potentilla is transplanted after the plants have grown a little and become stronger.

Gooseberry Ural emerald - features and characteristics of the bush

If sowing seeds is carried out in the spring, then it is better to do it using the seedling method. It all depends on how the cinquefoil reproduces. Pots with seedlings are covered with polyethylene or glass and kept in a warm place, regularly watered. After several leaves appear, young plants are picked and grown in separate containers. After the seedlings have grown stronger, they are planted in open soil.

Interesting information! Plants grown in this way will bloom only the next year. In a fairly harsh climate, young plants, despite the frost resistance of the shrub, are still better to cover.

Planting shrubby cinquefoil in open ground

Cinquefoil shrubs are planted in open ground in early spring, immediately after night frosts end, or in early autumn.

Selecting a location

In order for the crop to form vigorously and bloom generously, it is very important to choose an appropriate site for planting. A well-lit place for breeding cinquefoil is selected.

This criterion must be carefully fulfilled if varieties with bright, rich flowers grow in the garden: scarlet, pink, orange. With prolonged exposure to hot rays, the petals of these species lose their saturation and fade. Location in partial shade has a negative effect on the cinquefoil: it may not want to bloom.

Choosing soil for a plant

To plant shrubby cinquefoil, select soil with a small amount of limestone. Loose, nutritious soil is preferable for planting cinquefoil. It does well in slightly acidic soil with a small amount of limestone. Some types prefer sandy bases.

Sowing seeds

Flower growers who have quite a lot of experience sow seeds directly into open ground. For beginners, it is advisable to remove seedlings in advance.

To sow seeds, prepare a large container with holes for drainage. It is filled with a nutritious base, which consists of equal parts of peat and humus. The soil is moistened, sowing is done, after which the seedlings are covered with a thin layer of soil. The box is covered with transparent glass or polyethylene. The container is placed in a place with a temperature of 16 - 18 degrees Celsius.

Caring for seedlings is simple: regular watering and ventilation of the greenhouse. The appearance of sprouts will not happen soon. Before, they grow slowly. At the time when 3 leaves are formed, the strongest plants are planted in separate containers. In summer, seedlings with well-formed roots dive to a stable place in open ground.

Planting cinquefoil seedlings

3 days before planting, they dig up a hole. Its size must be 2 times the size of the roots. It is recommended to use limestone gravel for drainage, since calcium is needed for the healthy formation of the planting.

The pit is filled with a high-calorie mixture, which consists of 1 share of humus, 1 share of leaf soil, half a share of sand with grains of regular diameter and complex mineral supplements in the amount of 120 - 140 grams.

The seedling is placed in a hole, correcting the roots. The resulting vacuum is filled with earth, thickening the layer from time to time to avoid preserving air pockets. The root collar should protrude slightly above the soil. A gap of 30 cm is maintained between the seedlings. At the final stage, the young plantings are watered, and the round area around them is mulched using straw, grass or wood chips.

Planting in autumn

Cinquefoil can be planted in open ground in the fall, using seeds as seed material. In winter they master stratification, and in spring together they produce greenish leaves above the soil. In this version, they are planted in the spring.

Rules of care

At each stage of propagation of shrubby cinquefoil, it is necessary to take additional care measures and create favorable conditions for the growth and strengthening of young seedlings. One of the main requirements is maintaining the required level of soil or substrate moisture. Even short breaks in watering can lead to plant death.

When planting cinquefoil seedlings in a permanent place, it is necessary to maintain a distance between bushes of at least 30 cm. The bottom of each prepared hole is covered with lime gravel. Then half of the remaining space is filled with a soil mixture prepared from the following components:

• 2 parts humus;
• 2 parts of land;
• 1 part sand;
• 150 g of complex mineral fertilizer.

The root collar of the cinquefoil seedling should rise above ground level. The soil must be well compacted and watered abundantly. To reduce the rate of soil drying, it is sprinkled with sawdust, bark or straw. On hot summer days, you can spray the sprouts in the evening.

During the entire period of seedling growth, in addition to mulching and regular watering, work is carried out to remove weeds, feed and loosen the soil. Mulching is carried out 2–3 times during the summer. Fertilizing with mineral fertilizers for flowering plants is applied 3 times: in May, July and August-September.

Propagation of cinquefoil by cuttings and layering

Cinquefoil grown from seeds does not retain the characteristics of the mother plant. In order for the decorative properties to be repeated, it is better to choose a vegetative method - propagation by cuttings.

Cutting sequence:

1. They are cut in July–August, when the buds on the shoots ripen. Before harvesting cuttings, flowers and dried buds must be removed.
2. Planting material is cut from the top of the branches, 8–10 cm long.
3. Treat with a rooting agent, for example, “Kornevin”.
4. Place in a sandy-peat substrate or perlite in a garden bed in open ground.
5. Cover with plastic wrap. After survival, the cover is removed. If flower buds appear, they need to be torn off so that the nutrition goes to the roots and not to the flowers.
6. For the winter, the cuttings are covered with spunbond and sawdust on top.
7. In spring, planting is opened when warm weather sets in.

The easiest method of propagation is rooting cuttings.

In the spring, in April, early May, the shoots of the lower tier are bent to the ground and buried in the grooves. The bark on the branch can be cut from the underside to the cambium, then the shoot will take root faster.

How to propagate Kuril tea from cuttings

The method of propagating shrubby cinquefoil by cuttings takes quite a lot of time. Before planting young shoots directly into the soil, it is necessary to properly prepare and root the cuttings. Until the roots form, certain care measures should be taken to create comfortable conditions for the growth of young animals.

Deadlines

July – August are the best months for propagating cinquefoil from cuttings. By this time, the shoots become green, elastic and well-ripened. When preparing cuttings, it is also important to take into account weather conditions and time of day.

If there are warm sunny days, then the most optimal period for the formation of cuttings from the mother cinquefoil bush will be the morning hours, preferably before sunrise. In case of cloudy weather, cuttings can be carried out throughout the day.

Potentilla cuttings should not be allowed to dry out and wither. It is necessary to prepare everything in advance and immediately plant the cuttings treated with disinfectants and stimulating agents after pruning into a container with soil. No more than 48 hours should pass from the moment of pruning to planting in the soil mixture.

Rules for taking cuttings

In order for the propagation of cinquefoil shrubby cuttings to be most effective, you should correctly approach the process of selecting shoots on the parent bush. The cuttings must be identical in size and appearance. The quality of young seedlings, as well as their further ability to grow and develop, depends on this.

To prepare planting cuttings, you can use almost all shoots of the parent cinquefoil bush. It is enough to retreat 3 - 5 cm from the base. If there are leaves on the remaining petioles, it is better to remove them. Each cutting should have 2 - 4 nodes. Depending on this, their length can reach from 8 to 12 cm.

Important! In order to correctly and effectively cut cinquefoil, when separating a shoot, you must adhere to the following rule: the lower cut is made at a distance of 1 cm below the bud, the upper cut is made immediately after the bud.

The cut cuttings are aligned along the bottom edge and tied with twine into bundles of 25 - 50 pieces. The next stage of preparation is the treatment of the cuttings with growth stimulants, which promote the rapid development of a powerful root system. Stimulating solutions can be purchased in specialized stores. Before using them, you must carefully study the instructions. Some drugs are effective when diluted in cold water, others require boiling water or an alcohol solution.

You can prepare a stimulating solution yourself from 20 - 40 g of glucose or sucrose diluted in a liter of water. In addition, regular table sugar dissolved in water can serve as a nutritious natural carbohydrate element. Keeping the cuttings in the stimulating composition can be from 12 to 24 hours. The maximum temperature should not exceed 22 - 25 ℃.

To avoid rotting of the cut edges, the cuttings must be treated with potassium permanganate, which has effective disinfecting properties. To do this, 2 g of ammonium sulfate and 50 g of manganese are diluted in 1 liter of water.

After preparing and processing the cuttings, the next stage of cinquefoil propagation begins.

How to root cinquefoil cuttings

The cuttings prepared in the spring are planted in a large container with a nutrient substrate and drainage holes in the lower part. You can plant cinquefoil shoots directly into the ground by choosing a shaded area in the garden. Each shoot must be covered with a jar or plastic bottle. Emerging buds can interfere with the rooting process, so they should be removed.

Green cuttings absorb moisture from the air with the help of leaves, so they especially need high humidity. Lignified cuttings depend on the moisture content of the substrate. The soil must be kept moist at all times. For complete rooting, it is necessary to spray the cuttings at least 3 to 4 times a day.

The nutrient substrate is prepared in advance. It should consist of humus, coarse sand and calcareous peat. To increase its quality content, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are added. Within 6 - 8 weeks after cuttings, the shoots turn into independent plants with a strong root system. After growth appears on the rooted cuttings, they can be transplanted into the soil to a permanent place.

Transplantation into the ground

Before planting cinquefoil shoots in open ground, they must first be prepared and hardened. Hardening can be done in various ways:

• opening windows and vents in the room where the cuttings are located;
• temperature reduction using fogging systems (artificial fog);
• taking containers with planting material outside;
• removal of greenhouse cover.

All these measures will allow you to adapt ready-made rooted cinquefoil cuttings to the natural and climatic conditions of the garden. Hardening procedures are recommended to be carried out within 2-3 weeks before planting in the ground.

Propagation of cinquefoil by cuttings is possible not only at the end of summer, but also in late autumn. In this case, it is better to use woody annual shoots. They are cut into cuttings 10–12 cm in size and almost completely buried in the nutrient substrate, leaving 1–1.5 cm on the surface. The upper bud is also not sprinkled with soil. From this moment until rooting, it is necessary to create shade conditions. Lime liquid can be applied to the glass of greenhouses, which will protect the planted cinquefoil cuttings from direct sunlight.

The most favorable weather for transplantation is cloudy and rainy weather. Within 1 - 2 years, the cuttings will reach standard sizes, subject to basic care rules.

Three components of success when growing cinquefoil

1. Cinquefoil grows well in open sun, but it is better to choose a place in light, sliding shade.

2. The soil requires fertile, loose, well-moistened soil. On poor sandy soil, bushes may not show all their decorative potential.

3. Cinquefoils love regular watering, so it is better not to let the soil become too dry. Humid and cool summers are ideal for them.

: Planting and growing cinquefoil bush Cinquefoil…

Today we will talk about cinquefoil; it is a very unpretentious flower that looks great in the garden and in hedges. Thanks to the variety of species, every gardener can choose the most suitable plant for himself.

Cinquefoil also has medicinal properties, which is why it received its second name - “Kuril tea”.

Caring for this flower comes down to regular watering, loosening the soil, fertilizing and removing weeds.

But the gardener’s most important task is to initially choose a suitable place for planting; only in this case can one enjoy the abundant flowering of the bush without any extra effort.

Description and biological features

Cinquefoil is an erect and highly branched shrub, its height is from 10 centimeters to 1.5 meters. Young branches feel silky-hairy to the touch; over time, they become covered with peeling bark. Narrow oblong leaves look like a palm with fingers. The common cinquefoil has golden-yellow and small flowers, while larger flowers of various colors are found in varietal plants and various hybrid forms.

Cinquefoil shrub "Gloire de Nancy"

The plant is valued for its durability (can grow up to 30 years), long flowering (up to 4 months) and for its decorative effect throughout the summer season. In the spring, when the leaves bloom, the five-leaf plant already looks attractive, then flowers appear. And in the fall, the leaves turn golden shades and look good too, especially when the first frosts begin and they are covered with frost.

The crop grows on any soil (the ideal option is loose and fertile loamy soil with the addition of sand), it is not afraid of pruning, pests and diseases, it prefers to grow in slight shade; when grown in open areas, the flowers have a pale color.

Potentilla planted in the shade grows poorly and blooms sparingly.

The high winter hardiness of the crop allows it to be grown even on permafrost.

Propagation by cuttings

This procedure can be carried out in several ways:

• seeds;
• layering;
• cuttings of different types.

Reasons for the popularity of the method

The last method is considered the most popular and widespread among gardeners. It is used in early spring not only for the propagation of cinquefoil, but also for the propagation of other deciduous shrubs (fuchsia, hydrangea) and some trees (maple, birch, deciduous magnolia) in the garden and flower beds.

1. There are plant species that are quite difficult to spread. In this case, propagation using green cuttings is very helpful. Among other possible methods, this has the highest survival rate. Using this method, you can propagate your favorite rare plant in unlimited quantities.
2. Cuttings for propagation are taken from the beginning of spring until June. Shoots from young shrubs adapt and take root better than those from older shrubs.
3. In addition, such pruning promotes the appearance of new shoots on the plant. Thus, an adult bush can become a good mother specimen.
4. You can get many shoots and propagate the plant in any quantity. And if it is possible to place the cuttings in a heated greenhouse for the winter months, then this method can be used to propagate cinquefoil throughout the summer season.

Propagation by green cuttings

In young shoots, educational tissues are in a more active state and increased metabolism contributes to faster rooting and development of the young plant.

general characteristics

Cinquefoil is a herbaceous plant. There are annual, biennial and perennial varieties. Belongs to the Pink family.

Its homeland is the Northern Hemisphere. The natural habitat is in a temperate climate. About 500 plant species are known.

There are about five thousand species of cinquefoil

This plant is represented by both shrubs, subshrubs, and annual herbs. The stems are straight or creeping with nodes that take root when in contact with the soil.

The leaf blade, depending on the variety, is trifoliate, pinnate, or palmate. She has stipules.

Plant with yellow flowers

Flowers grow solitarily, but multi-flowered inflorescences can also be found. They are saucer shaped. They consist of round or obovate petals. The color can be yellow, white, red and pink.

The fruit is a small nut. There can be from 10 to 80 pieces. Located on the hairy receptacle.

Potentilla has been cultivated since the middle of the 17th century. About 70 species are grown in horticulture. Which is highly decorative.

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Content

• Types and varieties
• Cinquefoil shrub care and cultivation
• Watering cinquefoil
• Fertilizer for bloodroot
• Pruning cinquefoil bush
• Cinquefoil in winter
• Cinquefoil growing from seeds
• Reproduction of cinquefoil bush
• Potentilla propagation by cuttings
• Propagation of cinquefoil by layering
• Propagation of cinquefoil by dividing the bush
• Diseases and pests
• White cinquefoil beneficial properties and contraindications
• Potentilla decoction

Caring for cinquefoil bush

Kuril tea, like all adherents of the world of vegetation, requires care at any stage of formation. In order for these beautiful bushes to brighten up various gardens or courtyards, it is necessary to ensure that the plant does not feel a lack of care on the part of the gardener who decided to plant it.

Watering

Water the cinquefoil as the soil dries out at a rate of 10–12 liters for any bush once every 12 days or once a week; if the summer is dry, you should effectively spray the foliage 2 times a week. You should not allow the soil around the bush to become rusty and rusty. When mulching, you will need 1/4 less water than usual. Watering ends in the 2nd half of September.

Feeding and loosening

In April, June, July and August, shrubby cinquefoil should be fertilized using the following methods:

• mullein mixture (1:10 with water), 3 times a month;
• ash solution (300 g per 5 liters of water), 2 times a month;
• Once every 2 weeks, treat the plant with liquid humic fertilizer PETER “Living Force: for flower crops”, combining fertilizing with watering.

Cinquefoil loves loosening: nourish the soil with air, loosening it 1-2 times a week to a depth of 2-3 cm within a radius of 70-80 cm from the bush. It is easier to do this 30–40 minutes after the end of watering (the soil does not clump), immediately eliminate possible weeds and monitor the health of the cinquefoil for disease.

Pruning cinquefoil

Care involves another operation - an annual haircut, which must be performed in early spring before bud formation and in the fall. Sanitary pruning is needed to eliminate broken, dried branches and to create a bush in the form of different geometric shapes, usually a ball. In the spring, all last year's growth is cut off by a third of the length. In autumn, obsolete grown branches are removed. Every 4-5 years a rejuvenating haircut is performed. In order to give the bush a neat appearance, dried branches growing inside the bush and dried shoots are removed. The main purpose of pruning is to activate rich flowering and maintain the beautiful shape of the bush.

Shelter for the winter

Although most varieties of cinquefoil are frost-resistant, it will be useful to build a strong frame-shelter for it, so that under the load of snow the bush does not fall apart and is not pressed to the soil.

In late autumn, protect the roots of the plant by mulching the ground near the plant with dried leaves, straw or peat with a layer of 10 cm with a radius of 100 cm. Build a cube of slats the size of the bush and cover such a structure with lutrasil - this will save the cinquefoil from losing its decorative appearance.

Types and varieties of cinquefoil with photos and names

There are many types of cinquefoil, and several times more varieties. Therefore, only those varieties and species that are most popular will be presented below.

Herbaceous species that are most popular:

Cinquefoil (Potentilla apennina)

This perennial plant has a rosette of leaves consisting of trifoliate leaf blades with silvery pubescence. The color of the flowers is white or pink.

White cinquefoil (Potentilla alba)

In nature, it can be found in the central regions of the European part of Russia, the Balkans and the Caucasus. The height of such a perennial plant varies from 8 to 25 centimeters; the complex basal leaf plates are palmate-lobed, and they have brown stipules. Loose racemose or umbrella-shaped inflorescences consist of several white flowers with a three-centimeter diameter. The height of the peduncles is about 25 centimeters, there are no stem leaves.

Cinquefoil or crow's foot (Potentilla anserina)

The pinnately compound leaf plates are collected in a basal rosette and reach 20 centimeters in length, with pubescence on their underside. On leafless peduncles there are single yellow flowers, which can reach 20 mm in diameter.

Nepalese cinquefoil (Potentilla nepalensis)

This perennial can reach half a meter in height; its straight, branched shoots are purple in color. The length of the dark green palmate leaf blades is about 0.3 m. The diameter of the flowers is about 30 mm, their color can be pale pink or red, and the veins are dark pink. The flowers are part of paniculate inflorescences. Flowering begins in July and lasts about 8 weeks. The most decorative varieties:

1. Roxana . On the surface of the salmon-orange flowers there are dark veins.
2. Miss Wilmott . It blooms luxuriantly and for a relatively long time. Cherry-pink flowers have a dark eye.
3. Floris . The light salmon flowers have an orange-red eye.

Cinquefoil erecta, or straight, or galangal (Potentilla erecta)

In nature, this species can be found in forest and tundra zones, while these flowers grow on lawns and forest edges, along the banks of swamps and rivers. This perennial has a woody rhizome that is unevenly thickened. The height of the erect stem reaches 20 centimeters; leaves are located on its upper branched part. Trifoliate leaf blades can be sessile or long-petiolate basal (wither before flowering). Regular single flowers can reach 10 mm in diameter; they are located on thin long stalks. Flowering occurs from June to August.

Silver cinquefoil (Potentilla argentea)

This perennial has a large tuberous rhizome. The height of the slender arched rising shoot can reach up to 0.3 m. The lower stem and basal leaf plates are five-seven-parted, long-scaled, and the upper stem and middle ones are three-five-partite; on the underside there is a dense coating consisting of white pile. The loose paniculate-corymbose inflorescence includes small flowers, the diameter of which is 1.2 centimeters. Flowering occurs in June and July.

Hybrid cinquefoil (Potentilla x hybrida)

This species includes garden forms and varieties of hybrid origin. Most plants have vertical or oblique rhizomes. The height of the erect, highly branched stems reaches 0.9 m; there is pubescence on their surface. The basal rosette consists of palmate or trifoliate long-petiolate leaf plates with sharp teeth along the edge. The trifoliate stem leaves are sessile. The loose corymbose or racemose inflorescence includes velvety flowers reaching a diameter of 40 mm; their color can be yellow, pink, red or dark purple.

Popular varieties:

1. Master Floris . Flowering is lush and long lasting. The large simple flowers are pale yellow in color.
2. Yellow Queen . The bush reaches a height of 0.3 m, and it has glossy yellow flowers.
3. Vulcan . Double flowers of deep red color.

Also very popular are cinquefoils: two-flowered, golden, long-leaved, shaggy, Krantz, deceptive, tansy, dark blood-red, silver-leaved, Tonga, three-toothed, shiny, stemless, snow-white, arctic, etc.

Among the shrubs, gardeners cultivate Kuril cinquefoil (Pentaphylloides fruticosa), which is also called Kuril tea, yellow cinquefoil and five-leaved flower. Experts previously classified this species as a cinquefoil, but not so long ago it was separated into a separate genus called Kuril tea, Dasiphora (Dasys - densely hairy, phoros - bearing). This genus consists of 10 species, from which a large number of varieties and garden forms have already been created that are honey plants. Designers often create very impressive hedges from such shrubs.

Daurian cinquefoil (Pentaphylloides davurica)

The height of such a shrub can reach up to 0.6 m. Its bare stems are erect. Almost leathery, five-part leaf plates have a bluish underside and a glossy front surface. The diameter of the white flowers is about 25 mm, they are often solitary, but in some cases they can be part of several-flowered inflorescences shaped like an umbrella. Flowering is long-lasting, exceeding 3 months. Cultivated since 1822

Bush cinquefoil (Pentaphylloides fruticosa)

In nature, it can be found in forest-steppes and forests, Russia, Central Asia, Western Europe and the Caucasus. This shrub is distinguished by its high endurance. The height of the highly branching bush can reach up to 150 centimeters; the peeling bark is colored brown or gray. The lush crown has a hemispherical shape. The entire lanceolate-shaped leaf plates are 30 mm long and 10 mm wide and can be three-five-seven-parted. Young leaves have a light green color, but over time it changes to green-silver as pubescence appears. The yellow-golden flowers have a diameter of 20 mm, and they can be single or collected in loose apical racemes or corymbose inflorescences. Flowering lasts from the second half of June to the first days of October. Cultivated since 1700. In America and European countries, as a rule, cultivars of this species are grown because they are the most resistant to such climatic conditions.

Popular low-growing varieties: Abbotswood, Jolaina, Dakota Sunrise, Goldstar, Goldfinger, Reisenberg (flower color varies in orange-yellow range), Farrese White and Rhodocalyx (flower color is white).

Winter-hardy tall varieties include the yellow-flowered Elizabeth and Catherine Dykes. The height of the bushes reaches more than 100 centimeters.

Winter-resistant varieties with grayish-silver leaf blades include Goldterppich, Darts Golddigger, Bisi.

Low-growing compact varieties that are not frost-resistant and need shelter for the winter: Klondike, Kobold (yellow flowers), Red Ice, Parvifolia, Red Robbin (yellow-copper flowers), Sunset (brick-red to orange-yellow flowers) ), Eastleigh Cream (white and cream flowers), Royal Flash, Daydown, Pretty Polly and Blink (pink flowers).

The following species are also of particular interest: small-leaved five-leafed, dry-flowered, Manchurian and Friedrichsen. They are still poorly studied by breeders.

Timing and differences in planting cinquefoil with open and closed root systems in open ground

Garden centers offer a wide range of cinquefoils of different ages. If the bushes are sold with a rooted ball, then planting is carried out at any time of the year, while the ground can be dug. Bare-rooted cinquefoil (seedlings) are best planted in spring or late summer.

Landing Features:

1. The roots of the cinquefoil are shallow, so a hole is prepared with a depth of 50 cm, the diameter is twice the size of the coma.
2. Drainage made of crushed stone and sand is placed at the bottom of the pit.
3. The shrub is placed so that the root collar is flush with the edge of the hole.
4. The roots are covered with a nutrient mixture of garden soil, humus and sand 2:2:1, with the addition of superphosphate and potassium salt, 100 g for each hole.
5. After planting and watering, the tree trunk circle is mulched with peat or mowed dry grass to reduce evaporation.

To optimize the soil before planting cinquefoil, you can use green manure. If the work is planned for spring, then sowing green fertilizers can be done in the fall.

At the end of August and September, winter rye or oats are sown, and at the end of October, beginning of November, the young green mass is plowed.

Question No. 1.

How long does the cinquefoil live?

On average 20 years.

Question No. 2.

How long does bloodroot bloom?

From June to October, that is, 4 – 4.5 months.

Question No. 3.

Why do the leaves turn yellow and curl?

There may be two reasons:

1. Drought, lack of watering. To protect the cinquefoil from evaporation, it is better to mulch the bushes with a thick layer of bark, wood chips, and dry lawn grass.
2. Rust disease. Red dots appear on the leaves, which turn into brown spots. Then the cinquefoil needs to be pollinated with colloidal sulfur.

Question No. 4.

Why doesn't cinquefoil bloom?

Most likely due to lack of lighting.

Methods for propagating cinquefoil

It all depends on the type of cinquefoil, but most often it reproduces by seeds and dividing the bush. The first method is quite labor-intensive; to implement it, you need to sow cinquefoil seeds as seedlings in early March, and when the weather warms up, plant the young plants in open ground.

Advice

: The fresher the seeds you can get, the higher their germination rate will be. It is best to divide the bush after flowering, in mid-September, or until the flower awakens.

When dividing a cinquefoil bush, try not to make unnecessary cuts and further injure the plant. After planting the separated parts of the bush, do not forget to water the flower generously.

Cinquefoil shrub is great for decorating the garden. Flower growers are attracted by easy care and long, active flowering. Under natural conditions, the plant grows in Siberia, Mongolia, China, Western Europe, the Far East and the Altai Mountains. Cinquefoil forms dense thickets on rocky slopes and screes and feels great when settling in the area of ​​rocks. There are about fifteen species of shrubs in the genus, and there are dozens of varieties. In areas with temperate weather conditions, cinquefoils are most commonly found with orange and yellow flowers. Cinquefoil also has other names: Kuril tea, five-leaved leaf, dasiphora.

How to propagate cinquefoil by dividing the bush

The right time to divide roots is spring or warm autumn. The mother cinquefoil must be at least 4 years old. The selected bush is carefully dug up with a pitchfork so as not to damage the root system. Healthy roots are separated with a hatchet or shovel. The rest are planted back into the soil and watered. Each isolated part should have 2 - 3 buds. The roots are treated with any mixture that promotes qualitative improvement and acceleration of their formation. Thick roots are cut into pieces 5–7 cm.

Important! In order to maintain the correct direction of growth, the upper cut of the root cutting must be even, and the lower cut must be made at an angle. Prepared shoots are planted in the soil with an oblique cut down.

If the mother cinquefoil has thin roots, then the root cuttings are placed horizontally on the ground and sprinkled with soil. The root parts are placed on top of a container with a prepared nutrient substrate, maintaining a distance of 3–5 cm. Then cover with 1 cm of soil and water well. For the winter, boxes with root seedlings are stored in an unheated greenhouse or any other cool room - garage, basement. By spring, the cinquefoil takes root, and the cuttings can be planted in open ground, maintaining a distance of 40 cm.

Propagation of cinquefoil by dividing rhizomes allows you to obtain seedlings of very high quality without much hassle.

Cinquefoil shrub - description

This garden crop is a deciduous shrub, the height of which varies from 50 to 100 cm. There is another name - Kuril tea. Its main characteristics include the following information:

1. Externally, the crown looks like a ball or a spread out pillow and in most cases its width is greater than its height.
2. The cinquefoil flower is a long-lived flower, since it can delight with its beauty on the site for 20-30 years. Every year 15 cm of new shoots appear.
3. The leaves most often have five parts, but there are varieties with 3-7 parts. They are covered with small fibers and can be colored in different shades of green.

Cinquefoil shrub – flowering

Many people grow this crop only due to its long flowering from early summer to mid-autumn. Flowers can be solitary or collected in racemes or corymbose inflorescences. The size and color are varied and it all depends on the chosen variety. After flowering, the cinquefoil plant is covered with fruits, which are a collection of achenes.

Types of cinquefoil bush

There are a large number of varieties, thanks to which you can create original compositions in your garden plot

Let's focus on the most popular of them:

1. Cinquefoil shrub "Lovely pink".
   It has a dense creeping crown, so its height is no more than 0.5 m. Small feathery leaves of a dark green color change color to a yellow tint in autumn. The care and cultivation of this shrubby cinquefoil is no different from other varieties; at the beginning of summer it is covered with pink flowers.
2. Cinquefoil shrub "White".
   In appearance, this perennial plant is similar to strawberries, since its height does not exceed 30 cm. The leaves are colored light green and are divided into five blades. Large flowers are white.
3. Cinquefoil shrub "Pink Queen".
   A tall plant with creeping shoots. The leaves are light green in color and change color to golden yellow in the fall. When describing varieties of cinquefoil shrubs, it is worth pointing out that this species stands out for its hardiness. With proper care, it blooms with pink flowers, which can be either pale or bright.
4. Cinquefoil shrub "Goldstar".
   Many gardeners believe that this is the best variety; its height is about 1 m. Another name for this species is “yellow shrub cinquefoil”, since its large flowers are painted this color.
5. Cinquefoil shrub "Princess".
   The crown is cushion-shaped and dense. Its height reaches 0.8 m and width up to 1.2 m. Numerous leaves are dark green, and the flowers are painted soft pink.
6. Cinquefoil shrub "Red Ace".
   This variety, originally from England, is small in size, so the height does not exceed 60 cm, and the diameter reaches up to a meter. Red shrub cinquefoil has lacy light green leaves. It is worth noting that the flowers are red on the inside and orange on the outside.

Features of Potentilla

Representatives of this genus are subshrubs and herbaceous plants, which can be annuals, biennials and perennials. The shoots of such plants are often erect, rising or widened, and there are also creeping ones. The leaf blades are pinnate or multipartite, and they are colored grayish-green or green. The height of semi-shrubs can reach up to 150 centimeters, while their diameter sometimes reaches 100 centimeters. In most species, the flowers are part of corymbose-paniculate or pseudo-umbellate inflorescences, but there are also species with single flowers. They come in a variety of colors such as golden yellow, pink, white, red, orange and cream. Long flowering is observed in May-September. The fruit contains many achenes (10–80 pieces), most often they are naked, but they can also be hairy. Moreover, the larger the size of the fruits, the more exotic the appearance of such a plant.

Cinquefoil (Kuril tea) - planting and care