✅ Reproduction of tulips: by bulbs, how many tulips grow from one bulb, how to propagate at home

Storing tulip bulbs before planting

Features and procedure for preparing tulip bulbs for storage:
The bulbs are cleaned of old scales and roots, and any remaining soil is removed from them.

The bulbs are sorted by size.

The easy-to-grow pups are separated from the bulb.

The bulbs are scattered in one layer in lattice boxes and placed in the attic or dry shed.

It is not recommended to cover the bulbs with anything, since they release ethylene, which is harmful to children.

It is necessary to provide stored bulbs with good ventilation and weak diffused light.

The optimal temperature for storing bulbs is +20 ºC in the summer, and from September the temperature should be reduced to +17 ºC. This temperature should be in the room until you plant the tulip bulbs in open ground.

Periodically, at least once a week, you need to feel and inspect the bulbs to identify any affected ones. It is necessary to throw away soft bulbs or bulbs that have yellowish or white spots without pity, because these spots are symptoms of putrefactive infections.

Common mistakes when planting tulips

Tulips are very simple and unpretentious, but when planting you can make a number of mistakes, which in the future will give disastrous results.

Growing seedlings - the main mistakes

Late boarding . If the plant does not have enough time to take root and prepare for winter, then you can not count on flowering in the spring. Then the tulips will be too weakened and, at best, they will bloom later, but if the average daily temperature is too high, the flowering will not last as long.
Burying depth is too large or small . If the bulb is not deep enough, it will freeze during wintering. Deep planting will help the bulb to overwinter well, but in the spring the plant will take a long time to break through the soil and will be late in forming buds.
Poor quality planting material . Sick and damaged bulbs should be discarded immediately. Such material will not only fail to produce beautiful flowering, but will also quickly infect nearby bulbs.
Planting one variety . If you plant several varieties in one flower bed at once, you can extend the flowering period from 10-12 days to 5-6 weeks.

Before planting the bulbs in open ground, it is recommended to sort them out. The largest and healthiest bulbs are treated with a weak solution of manganese or soaked in an antifungal agent.

High-quality material has no cracks or stains. A healthy bulb feels strong, dry and heavy to the touch, and is covered with thin brown scales on top.

The rudiment of the future stem may be visible at the top of the bulb, but it should not develop. In the lower part, a healthy rhizome is dense with visible protruding roots.

Tulip bulbs with sprouted roots or soft bottoms cannot be used

Propagation by seeds

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Propagation of tulips by seeds requires a lot of patience from the gardener, since the flowering of some plants can be seen only in the seventh, and sometimes even in the twelfth year after planting. And the result may not always please you.

During the period of seed ripening, the plant is very sensitive to moisture and is often affected by gray rot. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully inspect the plants: if the tulips have dead tips of the leaves or signs of disease are detected, the fruits must be destroyed immediately.

For propagation by seeds, it is necessary to select only the strongest plants. Those that are stunted, as well as those affected by the disease, are destroyed.

In the event that the epidemic situation is threatening for the testes that have not yet reached their maximum size, they need to be cut off, leaving a stem and one leaf. The plant is placed in clean water with a solution of boric acid (three teaspoons per ten liters of water). The plant boxes should not touch each other, but it is best to place them in different containers. There should not be more than five plants in one container.

Description of tulips

Forcing tulips

These perennial bulbous plants belong to the lily family. Central Asia is considered their homeland, and tulips were first cultivated in Persia, where many poets sang the flower.

Tulips grow from 10 cm to one meter in height, and differ in their morphological structure:

Thread-like roots located at the bottom of the bulb that die off after the growing season. Every year the plant grows a new root system.
Pear-shaped or ovoid bulbs with a pointed apex, flattened bottom and covering scales. The scales located inside the bulbs supply the flower with nutrients, so after they are depleted, the plant dies. Several new ones form around the old bulb.
An erect cylindrical fruiting stem 15 to 17 cm high. It can have up to twelve leaves. At the end of the season the stem dies.
The underground stem of a plant or stolon. It is necessary for feeding and protecting the flower, for burying the bud in the ground and for vegetative propagation of the bulbs.
Elongated oval or elongated pointed leaves. Some leaves may have ridge-like projections. The leaves grow on a stem that is tightly clasped.
Buds of various colors, which consist of three outer and three inner petals and six stamens. Hybrids with a large number of petals per flower have been bred. Depending on the variety, one or more buds of a goblet, cup-shaped, star-shaped or oval shape may form on the plant. They can be simple, fringed or terry.
The fruits are in the form of a triangular round box. Tulip seeds are yellow-brown, ovoid or triangular.

Most often, tulips are red, sometimes white and yellow. However, the color range of varietal plants is very diverse. They can be yellow, white, violet, purple, red and even almost black. The petals of some hybrids can combine several colors. You can admire the variety of colors of bulbous plants in the spring from late April to mid-May - this is the time when tulips bloom.

What to do with the bulbs after the tulips bloom?

So, in the spring you have fully enjoyed the graceful beauty of the blooming buds, and now the question has arisen: should you dig up the tulips or let them continue to grow in the same place? Those who have been growing this bulbous crop for many years will answer you without hesitation that digging up tulips must be done.

Otherwise, your flowers will become smaller and lose their beauty, because in the place of one bulb in the summer a nest of daughter bulbs will form, which gradually become crowded and lack nutrients. If you leave such nests of bulbs in the same place from year to year, your flowerbed will eventually look less attractive.

All that remains is to decide when to dig up the tulip bulbs: wait until the last minute until the stems are completely dry, or immediately remove the fading plants from the flowerbed so that they do not spoil the view? It is best to start digging when the above-ground part of the tulips has already turned yellow, but has not yet dried out, otherwise the nests will crumble, and some bulbs may remain in the ground unnoticed.

Photo of dug up tulips

The optimal time for digging up tulips in central Russia is from the third decade of June to mid-July. It is advisable that the weather be dry at this time.

Keep in mind: if you want to focus all the tulip's energy on forming strong, large bulbs, the buds should be broken off before they begin to bloom. In this case, at least two leaves must remain on the stem, which are necessary for photosynthesis of the plant.

Having carefully dug up the bulbs at the right time, sorting them by variety and size, you need to think about where to store the tulips until autumn planting. For this purpose, you should choose a room in which the temperature will be kept at +20 degrees, there will be no dampness and sunlight. A dark, enclosed terrace or wooden shed is ideal.

Video about when and how to dig tulips

Before storing, the sorted bulbs are dried for a couple of days, poured in two layers into mesh boxes so that the future planting material does not deteriorate or rot. Then the nests are divided into separate bulbs, which are cleared of the upper scales and roots and pickled in potassium permanganate for half an hour. After this treatment, you can send the boxes with the bulbs for storage.

If you have chosen the right place to store tulip bulbs with the ability to ventilate and reduce the temperature if necessary, all planting material will be perfectly preserved until the fall, and during planting you will not have to discard moldy bulbs. And as you already understand, high-quality planting material is the key to successful cultivation of excellent tulips!

Tulips in the garden or summer cottage are a natural decoration. Beautiful flowers with bright colors will decorate any area. Propagation of spring tulips is an interesting and enjoyable process for lovers of these flowers. There are a huge number of varieties. Each one has an original color and bud shape. Flowers can be double, goblet-shaped or lily-shaped. You can breed flowers of one variety or develop a new special one, which will differ in shade, color of petals or bud shape.

Choosing a place to plant tulip bulbs

Methods for propagating Dieffenbachia at home

The first secret is that tulips should be planted at the right time and in the right place. Otherwise, our bulbs may rot over the winter and not sprout in the spring.

Tulips love open, flat, sunny areas, preferably protected from strong winds. If you plant the bulbs in a dark place, the stems and leaves will become very elongated, and the bulb will not be able to accumulate the necessary amount of nutrients to form a full-fledged flower.

The fertile layer of soil must be loose and well permeable to moisture, its thickness must be at least 30 cm. The groundwater level cannot exceed 70 cm. The fact is that tulips are able to spread their root system to this depth, and if there is any pressure on the roots water gets in, the root system and bulb will begin to rot, and the plant will die.

When choosing a place to plant bulbs, you should also pay attention to those plants that previously grew on this piece of land. This can be any vegetable or garden plant, but not a bulbous or nightshade plant.

Otherwise, your tulips may inherit the viral diseases of their predecessors.

When to dig up tulips

When the leaves of the stems turn yellow almost along their entire length, the tulip bulbs can be dug up. At this time, the bulbs have already ripened quite well, and the children have not yet fallen off them. Naturally, no one can name the exact calendar dates for harvesting tulips, since everything is relative and depends on the variety, the area, and climatic conditions. The main guideline can only be the appearance of the flower. If you dig up a flower immediately after it has bloomed, there is a high probability that next year they will be weak.

But there is no need to wait until the stem and leaves completely die off, since there are several disadvantages here:

Firstly, bulbs that have lain in the ground for a long time can rot and become infected,
Secondly, grown-up children will separate from the adult root and, while digging, they can be lost,
Thirdly, if the above-ground part dies off completely, then there is a high probability of not finding the bulbs in the ground at all or damaging them when digging them up.

It is best to start digging up tulips after flowering in June-July, when the stem and leaves have turned yellow and withered, but have not yet dried out. At this time, the bulbous nests do not fall apart, and everything will be removed without loss. Of course, the weather should be warm and dry at this time, and the soil should crumble well and not be too wet. Of course, it is not necessary to dig up tulips every year, although it is advisable. But group compositions of tulips do not need to be dug up for three years, and then they must be renewed. There are some varieties of tulips that do not require annual digging and can grow successfully in one place for several years.

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How do tulips propagate?

Tulips can be propagated using seeds and vegetatively, using daughter bulbs for propagation.

Breeders use seed propagation because daughter plants do not retain the varietal differences of their parents. Seeds are sown in the ground or in pots in greenhouses, where they are grown in one place for two to three years. During this time, the seedlings should be protected from winter frosts, and when the bulbs are ripe, they should be dug up, stored until autumn, and then planted in the usual way.

Tulips grown in this way will bloom no earlier than the fifth or sixth year, and will produce inconspicuous flowers. And when eight to twelve years have passed, tulips grown from seeds will become the most decorative.

When tulips are propagated by daughter bulbs, good results are achieved much faster. Tulips are distinguished by one feature: after the plant fades, its mother bulb dies, in place of which a replacement (daughter) bulb develops, having several children. The number of children is influenced by various factors, most often environmental.

In some cases, not one, but two replacement bulbs appear. In addition, it is possible to develop baby bulbs over several years, which themselves then form peduncles.

In order to prevent the degeneration of tulips, it is necessary to plant topper bulbs in the ground, the minimum circumference of which is 12 cm. It is these bulbs that inherit the varietal characteristics of the plant.

Plant care: a short excerpt

Tulips are planted in the fall - until the beginning of October. Dig out the bulbs when approximately 2/3 of the green part of the plant turns yellow.

The bulbs are stored in specialized open containers (boxes), they are placed there in one layer, and the room is provided with a good level of ventilation and an average room temperature is achieved (about 20 degrees). Over time, the temperature is reduced by 2-3 degrees.

Pronounced sunlight or slight shading is well suited for growing tulips.

Tulips grow well both in bright light and in shade

Choose a neutral soil for tulips, and you won’t go wrong. In extreme cases, slightly alkaline will do. You will need to provide a good drainage system, and you also need to fertilize the plants in advance with wood ash and humus.

Tulips need good watering - you don’t need to skimp on water, and you don’t need to let the soil dry out either. This is most required during the period when the buds are set and the first flowers appear. As for fertilizers, you can give preference to both mineral and organic products. The first feeding is done immediately after the first shoots appear, and the next one is done when the buds are set. After the plants have flowered, you can apply the third and final fertilizing.

Important! If you decide to start propagating tulips, then it is worth knowing that they can be propagated by both seed and vegetative methods (daughter bulbs are used).

Such flowers are propagated by seeds and daughter bulbs.
Significant damage to the tulip is caused by cutworms, onion mites, slugs, rodents and mole crickets. Also, many plants may be poorly resistant to various types of rot, some viral plant diseases and tobacco necrosis.

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How to prepare bulbs for planting

The quality of their germination in the future depends on how well and correctly the bulbs were stored.

If you start planting tulips in the autumn, then around the end of July you should start digging up their bulbs and separating the mother bulbs from the children.

Then the bulbs must be cleaned and dried, and then stored. They are stored for about a month at a temperature of 20 degrees.

Then they are moved to a colder room, where the temperature will remain about twelve degrees and there they will remain until planting.

Proper planting of tulips

For beginning flower growers and those who are interested in how to propagate tulips, the question of proper planting is important.

It is very important to choose not only the right time for planting, but also the right place. It should be noted that tulips are light-loving plants and areas with good lighting are excellent for them.

But at the same time, they do not like drafts, so protection from the wind should be provided.

A sandy loam soil type is best suited for these bulbous flowers. Their development, growth and flowering are greatly influenced by the preliminary application of wood ash and rotted compost as fertilizer. However, it should be noted that manure fertilizer is not very suitable for these flowers because it contains a large number of fungi, which can negatively affect it, causing fungal diseases.

Plant the plants quite deeply. Large ones can be planted to a depth of fifteen centimeters, small ones up to ten centimeters. After planting, they are watered with hot water with potassium permanganate diluted in it. This is necessary for the prevention of various types of diseases.

Caring for flowers in the open ground

Caring for tulips is simple and can be done from the moment the first shoots appear from the ground. If some bulbs have not sprouted, this may mean that they are diseased, so the first step is to remove the bulbs that have not sprouted. This will help prevent the spread of the disease to healthy shoots emerging from the ground.

The tulip loves moisture, but the structure of its root system does not allow it to receive moisture from groundwater, so you should take care of regular and timely watering. It is especially necessary to observe a regular watering regime during the period of bud formation and flowering. You should continue to water your tulips generously for about two weeks after the flowers have faded.

Water must penetrate to the entire depth of the roots. It follows from this that on average it is necessary to pour out from 10 to 40 liters of water per 1 m². Only in such a way that water does not get on the leaves, otherwise burns may form on them.

Tulips need weeding and loosening regularly, so don’t forget about loosening this area even when the flowers fade. This is best done after heavy watering, when the soil is moist and soft. This makes it easier to remove weeds.

Weeds negatively affect the plant. They take nutrients from the soil, thereby depleting it and the tulips begin to grow worse. But loosening helps get rid of them.

To prevent weeds from appearing and having to be pulled out, you can mulch the soil. In addition, you should remove those flowers that have already withered so that the plant does not waste energy on their growth.

What to do when tulips fade

After these wonderful flowers have faded, it is necessary to remove the wilted flowers. Abundant watering should be continued for about two more weeks. Also during this period they can be fed, because at this time their bulbs begin to accumulate nutrients. Feeding can be done using:

phosphorus-potassium fertilizers at a rate of 30-40g per 1 m2, for example, aquarin, mortar, crystalline;
Fertilizers containing chlorine and nitrogen should not be used.

When the tulip foliage turns yellow, it can be cut off. There is no point in doing this before. If the foliage is cut before it turns yellow, the bulbs may stop developing and it will be impossible to propagate tulips later.

When the foliage of the tulips turns completely yellow, they can be dug up. Usually by this time the bulbs have become quite mature and ready for subsequent propagation of tulips. In addition, the babies have not fallen off yet, which means it will be easy to separate them on your own.

Of course, it is difficult to give an exact date for digging up the bulbs of these flowers. This time may vary for different varieties. But the main and main landmark in this is the yellowed color of the foliage

This is what you should pay special attention to when preparing bulbs for propagation.

Thus, propagating tulips is not difficult at all. The main thing is to dig them up and plant them on time, as well as follow some simple rules for caring for them, and then they will definitely delight the gardener with their splendor.

Planting tulips in open ground

What time should you plant?

For normal plant development, it is necessary to plant them in the soil in a timely manner. So, it should be remembered that planting the bulbs in the soil should be done in the autumn, and do not forget that it will take at least 3-4 weeks for them to take root normally. If the bulbs are planted later, then in spring they will grow and develop more slowly than expected, and they will also form very small bulbs. They will also not bloom so spectacularly. If they are planted in the ground too early, the bulbs may sprout. In this case, the very first frosts will destroy the plants. It is recommended to calculate the optimal time for planting tulips based on soil temperature. So, it needs to be measured at a depth of about 10–12 centimeters. If it is 10 degrees, then you can safely land. As a rule, this time falls in mid-September.

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Planting bulbs in spring

Flower growers with considerable experience assure that it is possible to plant bulbs in the spring if you did not have time to do this in the autumn months. However, you definitely won’t expect abundant flowering this year. It will be good if only a few specimens bloom. Before planting the bulbs, they need to be placed on the refrigerator shelf overnight, and then treated in a weak solution of potassium manganese (keep for about 30 minutes). The preparation of the beds should be started after the snow cover has melted. So, using a fork, you need to dig up the soil and make grooves. For large bulbs, the distance between the grooves is 25–30 centimeters, and for children - from 10 to 15 centimeters. Before planting the bulbs, you need to water the furrows with a freshly boiled solution of potassium manganese.

When choosing a place for tulips, you should take into account that it must be sunny and have protection from strong gusts of wind. The soil must be well drained, slightly alkaline or neutral. Sandy loam soil is ideal, into which in the spring you need to add rotted compost, as well as wood ash (take 200 g per 1 m2). If the soil is very heavy, then it can be improved. To do this, you need to add compost, river sand and loose soil rich in nutrients. To enhance drainage, during planting, add a three-centimeter layer of washed coarse sand to the bottom of the prepared grooves. Large bulbs should be buried in the ground to a depth of 10 to 15 centimeters, and small ones (babies) - from 5 to 7 centimeters. The bulbs should be pressed a little into the ground, and then covered with soil and covered with a rake. Mulching with peat will help prevent soil cracking.

Autumn planting

In autumn, it is important to plant tulips correctly and provide them with the necessary care. The fact is that the winter period will come very soon, and how the plants will overwinter, and how effectively they will bloom in the spring, directly depends on how successfully you worked in the fall. Before planting tulips, it is necessary to carefully inspect their bulbs. So, those that show signs of any disease or damage should be destroyed. Experienced flower growers recommend planting by variety. In this case, caring for the plants will not be so difficult, and it will be easier to dig up the bulbs. Before planting directly, the bulb needs to be soaked for half an hour to an hour in a 5% solution of potassium manganese. They need to be planted in the same way as in spring. In light soil, the bulb should be planted to a depth equal to 3 times its diameter, and in heavier soil - 2 times. It is imperative to mulch the soil surface. Peat, straw, dry leaves, and sawdust are perfect for this.

Features of fertilizing tulips

Caring for tulips in the spring at the dacha involves the correct and high-quality procedure for feeding the plant. Many gardening magazines in articles about growing tulips say that you need to fertilize the flower once, in early spring, using eco-fertilizers. In fact, this is a myth, because experienced gardeners have long been convinced of the need to fertilize in 2-3 stages.

When and how to perform the first feeding

The first feeding is carried out when the snow melts and the first shoots appear (most often it is called “dry”). All you need to do is simply scatter fertilizer on the snow.

It is quite possible that when choosing fertilizer in the store, you will ask the question “What is the best way to fertilize tulips in early spring?” When answering this question, you should remember that during this period flowers require large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus. You can choose potassium as an additional element. The best ratio for such feeding would be 2 parts phosphorus, 2 parts nitrogen and 1 part potassium.

Fertilizers are applied in small quantities of 40-50 grams per square meter.

How to feed the plant a second time

Most gardening magazines give a huge amount of advice on growing tulips, drawing attention to the fact that these plants are especially sensitive to external factors during budding and flowering and therefore during this period you should pay special attention to feeding and care. As you already understand, the second feeding should be carried out during the budding period

This time the nitrogen content should be lower, and the phosphorus and potassium content should be higher. So, fertilizers should be used in proportion: 2 parts phosphorus and potassium and one part nitrogen. You can take soluble vitamins (3 liters per square meter) or dry (60-70 grams per square meter).

About tulips

In Holland, growing tulips has become a real cult - every year endless fields are covered with multi-colored carpets of these bright flowers, causing admiration among travelers.

And of course, beginners have many questions at first:

In the photo there are tulips

when to plant tulip bulbs;
what place to choose for them, and how to prepare a flower bed;
at what depth to plant the bulbs;
what to do so that the plantings do not freeze over the winter and sprout vigorously in the spring, etc.

Since it is in the bulbs that all the organs of future tulips are formed and developed, working with planting material requires special attention. It is important to figure out in advance how to plant tulip bulbs correctly, so as not to be upset later because half of the seedlings did not appear, or the flowers turned out not at all as beautiful as expected.

Video about planting tulip bulbs

How do tulips propagate?

The most common method is propagation with the help of children - small bulbs that are produced by an adult plant. You can also propagate these flowers using seeds, but this is how they are bred mainly by breeders. When propagating flowers vegetatively, you don’t have to think about various factors, such as:

weather,
activity of insects and pests, etc.

Young bulbs can be planted both in autumn and spring. However, many people prefer to plant tulips in the fall. It is believed that after overwintering in nature, the bulbs germinate better in the spring and bloom well.

But if you plant bulbs in the spring, you may not wait for them to bloom. Not all young tulips have time to form inflorescences before summer. Of course, you can plant flowers in the spring, but it is worth remembering that in this case they will most likely bloom only a year later.

When planting in spring, it is recommended to use a special technology. To do this, first the bulbs, ready for planting, are placed in the refrigerator for a day, then washed with a weak solution of manganese and after that they are planted to a depth of about five centimeters.

When to plant tulips (calendar)

Tulips are one of the first flowers to bloom after the snow melts . In greenhouses, these beautiful plants begin to form buds as early as March.

Planting tulips in autumn

The optimal time for planting tulips is considered to be autumn . If you root young bulbs before the onset of frost, they will quickly grow roots and go into hibernation with the first frost. Tulips must survive the winter to bloom. When spring comes, the stems will begin to sprout through the snow, followed by the buds themselves. After the flowering period ends, the bulbs are removed from the ground and placed in a cool, dark place until planted again in the fall.

Tulip bulbs are planted in open areas in September-October. The time may vary depending on the region or weather conditions, the main thing is that the soil cools down to +7-9 degrees. The temperature is measured at a depth of at least 10 cm .

If you plant the bulbs too early, in warm soil, they will begin to germinate and the first frost will destroy the planting material. Bulbs planted too late may not have time to develop good roots, which will also negatively affect their condition.

You can admire the blooming tulips forever

For good rooting, tulip bulbs need 20-30 days, as well as moderate humidity and a soil temperature of about 7 degrees Celsius. If the first frosts hit earlier than expected or planting was done later in the fall, you can cover the soil with spruce branches or sprinkle with a thick layer of foliage.

Planting tulips in spring

Planting tulips in spring allows you to enjoy flowering longer. In this case, the plants begin to form buds later, and while others’ tulips will have already faded, spring seedlings will only begin to gain color. In order for spring tulips to bloom in the year of planting, it is necessary to carry out some manipulations:

Place the bulbs in the refrigerator for 9-12 hours; under no circumstances should they be frozen.
Rinse with a light manganese solution.
After rinsing the bulbs in potassium permanganate, they can be rooted in the soil.

Propagation of tulips by seeds

Seed propagation of tulips occurs only in the wild. It is also used to create new plant hybrids. The duration of growing a tulip from a seed can take 5-6 years.

In order to obtain the desired hybrid, simultaneous flowering of the selected plants is achieved. Pollination occurs artificially. Two days before the procedure, the anthers are removed from the flowers and the pistil is pollinated. Pollination is carried out twice with an interval of two days. After this, the flowers are protected from accidental re-pollination by insects.

As soon as the tulip boxes begin to ripen (darken and become cracked), begin collecting seeds. After this, the seeds are dried and stored in cool, dark rooms at a temperature of about 5ºC. Seeds must be protected from possible pests and dampness.

In autumn, seeds are sown in containers or open ground. For the winter they should be protected from frost. Tulips grown from seeds are subsequently propagated vegetatively.

Tips for gardeners

In order for the appearance of the garden to please you, you need to make a little effort and follow a number of rules:

when propagating tulips using the vegetative method, it is necessary to properly dig, sort and store the bulbs;
after digging the bulbs, they need to be cleaned of soil and roots, dried well and stored;
Proper sorting will allow you to create a beautiful garden;
the seed method takes time, but the result exceeds all expectations;
You should not leave the bulbs until spring - the quality characteristics may decrease, which will affect flowering;
you need to correctly calculate the planting depth - this guarantees germination and flowering in due time.

Proper flower care and the propagation process will help preserve tulip varieties or add new luxurious species that will delight you for a long period of time.

Propagation by bulbs

After flowering, the mother bulb of the plant dies, and is replaced by a daughter bulb, on which children grow. Around July, tulips are dug up and daughter bulbs are separated from the mother bulb. They need to be cleaned, dried and stored for about a month in a place protected from the sun at an air temperature of +20 C. After this, until autumn, the planting material is stored at a temperature within +12 degrees.

For children, choose a garden bed with a lot of sunny color. The grooves for them are made at a distance of 15 cm, and the bulbs themselves are planted at a distance of 5 cm from each other. With the onset of cold days, the bed with daughter bulbs is covered with humus, dry leaves or straw.

In spring, sprouts will appear on the surface and leaves will begin to develop. At this time, the plants need to be watered and the soil around them must be weeded. Yellowed tulips are dug up and dried. Small bulbs are planted in August for growing, and large ones remain until autumn.

After about two to three years, the bulbs will become full-fledged, and they can be planted in a flowerbed with tulips.

What kind of soil is needed for tulips?

The plants are quite unpretentious, but they love comfortable conditions. In order for spring development to proceed faster, it is worth taking care of the soil in which the flowers grow.

It must contain sufficient nutrients and be fertile. In addition, it is necessary that it have fairly good physical properties, such as air and moisture capacity.

A sandy loam or slightly loamy soil type is more suitable for successful cultivation. In addition, it must be cultivated. If the acidity of the soil is increased, then lime should be added to it. Groundwater should be no higher than 60-80 cm.

Sometimes tulips are susceptible to various diseases and to prevent this from happening, when planting, they are returned to their original place only after five or six years. Also, this way some varieties will not be mixed with others if several bulbs are lost somewhere during digging.

Children for propagation of culture

With an active increase in the weight of the replacement bud-bulb due to site selection, soil preparation, fertilization, watering regime, regular weeding, loosening and exclusion of tulip flowering, it is possible to obtain a full-fledged sexually mature plant with small daughter baby bulbs for vegetative propagation.

If tulip babies appear, what should you do with them? They need to be grown to the size of bulbs of fractions I and II within 1-4 years. To enter the flowering time, children of tulips of simple and double early varieties will need less time by 1-2 years than children of late varieties of the same size; for medium-flowering varieties - an intermediate (average) time. The time period depends on climatic zones, soil acidity, and the amount of humus.

In the regions of the middle zone, children reach the time of flowering and the size of the bulbs:

Fraction I: early and middle varieties – 12 months, late – 24 months;
II fraction: early and middle varieties - 24 months, late - 2-3 years;
III fraction: early varieties - 2-3 years, middle varieties - 3 years, late varieties - 3-4 years;
IV fraction: early varieties - 3-4 years, middle varieties - 4 years, late varieties - 4-5 years.

In the southern regions, the children will bloom and reach the size of the bulbs (by fractions):

I – early, middle and late varieties – for 12 months;
II – early and middle varieties – for 12 months, late – for 24;
III – early varieties – 12-24 months; middle and late – for 24;
IV – early and middle varieties – for 2-3 years, late – for 3 years.

Reproduction of tulips by children of different factions is carried out in fields of equal size, but separate ones. The first field will be intended for bulbs of fractions I – II, the largest. The entire fertile layer of soil is dug up to a depth of 45 cm, and the bulbs are buried to a depth of 10-12 cm. Mulch from humus or peat, rice husks is distributed on top to protect the soil from excessive drying out. During the growing season, fertilizing is applied and the fields with seedlings are watered. When coloring the buds, they should be removed, and the plant should be dug up when the leaves turn yellow and dry. Next, the plant is dried and stored as indicated above in the article.

The second field will be intended for raising children. It is divided into sections: the first - for children of fraction I, the second - for children of fraction II, the third - for children of fractions III and IV. The soil in the second field should be tilled (deeply) to reduce compaction, i.e. remove the “plow sole”. The bulbs are deepened into the soil by 7-10-18 cm in accordance with the fractions.

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The weight of the children increases with the removal of buds, annual digging and careful care of the plants. The dug up and dried children are divided into fractions, the uterine bulbs of the first two fractions and the children of all 4 factions are left for the first field. Bulbs of the first three fractions are sold or planted for flowering.

Important . The location of fields (plots) must be changed so that the planting material does not become infected with gray mold (fungus). It will be possible to return to the same place only 3-4 years after the change of crops. Tulips grow well after vegetable plants.

It is important to remember and adhere to the fact that tulips need sandy loam, humus-rich neutral or slightly alkaline soil, and not acidic. If the areas have too light sandy soils, manure, humus, compost, and turf soil are added to them. If the soil is clayey, it is dug up with river sand and humus, and a layer of sand up to 2 cm is poured at the bottom of the furrows.

Fresh manure is applied only 3 years before planting tulips - 20-30 kg/m², but not before planting, since the roots of the tulips will immediately rot. If previous crops previously grew on the site and humus was not introduced, then dig up the soil with humus (40-60 kg per 10 m²) and phosphate rock or bone meal (8 kg/m²). You can fertilize it with prepared compost before the main digging - 90-120 kg per 10 m².

Before use, the compost is treated with bleach, Formalin, Grapozan, NIUIF-1 or steamed. In the fall, after applying the main fertilizer, the plots are watered. This type of care promotes the development of a strong root system for better propagation and increased flower and bulb size.

1.5-2 months before planting tulips, the soil in the flower beds is dug up to a depth of 25-30 cm and added to 10 m²:

humus – 6-8 kg;
superphosphate – 60 g;
potassium salt and ammonium nitrate - 30 g each.

Repeated digging is carried out in 15-20 days to a depth of 18-20 cm and is well loosened with a rake. In places where melt or rain water has stagnated, dry soil should be added. All preparatory work is completed 6-8 days before planting the planting material, so that when the soil settles, the root system does not break.

Landscaping

For landscaping garden plots: flower beds, borders and curtains, tulips are planted next to other flowers to create harmony: violets and forget-me-nots. They are placed in the center of the flower beds, and at the edges there are scylla, muscari, pushkinea or perennial arabis, creeping phlox and other flowers. Late-blooming tulips and other flowers are planted between the rows of early varieties.

Important . A group of tulips should consist of single-varietal plants of different colors, but blooming in the same period of time. Blooming at different times will reduce the appearance of the composition.

Tulips with bulbs of the same size will bloom together. They are planted at 50-60 pcs./m². When planting in single-row rows, the row spacing should be 50-70 cm; when planting in ribbons 50 cm wide, the distance between each ribbon will be 20 cm, and the path between a group of ribbons will be 50 cm wide.

The easiest way to propagate tulips is by bulbs: as practice shows, this is the method of obtaining new plants that most gardeners resort to. But if you want to grow a new, unique variety, then it is advisable to use the seed method. This type of propagation of tulips is more labor-intensive; flowering will have to wait about five years.

These plants are more susceptible to mutations, often undesirable, than other crops.

To avoid deterioration of decorative properties and their gradual degeneration when propagating tulips, you must follow the following rules:

When planting, growing and digging, discard all plants with signs of disease. Do not remove the child from them.
When digging, discard degenerated bulbs along with the baby. It is impossible to grow a full-fledged material from such a child. The structure of the nest of a degenerated bulb resembles a garlic bulb.
Before propagating tulips, you need to discard bulbs that are flat and have decreased in size. A normal bulb, as a rule, increases by 2 parsings.
Do not separate the baby from the baby, because this baby is often genetically unstable and further reproduction can lead to a sharp deterioration in the decorative and genetic properties of the variety.

Pests and diseases

The health of future spring early flowers should be closely monitored. Among the pests that can affect a bulbous plant:

The onion hoverfly and onion root mite infect the bulb, causing the plant to die. Diseased tulips should be removed and the planting material should be treated with Fundazol. To get rid of mites, during the growing season the plant is treated with Actellik solution.
Greenhouse aphids attack stems, peduncles and leaves, which become deformed. The plant must be treated with Intavir or Fitoverm.

Of the diseases for tulips, the most dangerous is the variegation virus. Stripes, spots or streaks appear on the leaves and petals of the affected plant, which are not typical for plain varieties. Infected plants are dug up and burned because it is impossible to fight this virus.

A fungal disease caused by the tobacco necrosis virus may appear on tulips. It manifests itself as dark spots on the bulb, ugly striping of the bud and curvature of the stem. Affected plants are removed, and the rest are sprayed with a 2% Fundazol solution. The wells are filled with ash or treated with a solution of one liter of water, 3 g of boric acid and 10 g of manganese.

If the spring turns out to be rainy and damp, as well as for many other reasons, tulips may suffer from bortrite, wet, soft, white, root or gray rot. For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary to ensure soil drainage and water it with fungicides before planting.

Collection and storage of seeds

When the bolls turn yellow, you can carefully select the seeds by removing the husk. Healthy seeds have transparent walls and the embryo is clearly visible

Seeds that look dull or have gray mold should not be used.

For seeds to begin to germinate, they need rest. They are stored at a temperature of about 25 ° C, with the arrival of autumn planting them in pots or special boxes filled with light soil sprinkled with sand to a depth of about three centimeters.

When the plants sprout, it is important to prevent them from drying out; a lack of moisture can lead to the death of the seedlings. Before planting the seeds, they can be germinated in the refrigerator.

To do this, the seeds are placed on moistened filter paper on a plate. Shoots can be expected in three months

The sprouts must be carefully transferred to sand, which is poured on light soil (a layer of one centimeter) and covered with the same layer of sand on top. Thanks to this method, the maximum number of plants is obtained

If the seeds are sown directly into the ground in the fall, the plant will be larger and more stable.

Before planting the seeds, they can be germinated in the refrigerator. To do this, the seeds are placed on moistened filter paper on a plate. Shoots can be expected in three months

If the seeds are sown directly into the ground in the fall, the plant will be larger and more stable.

In the first year, the seedlings produce one bulb, one root and one cotyledon leaf, round in cross section. Next year the leaf is already flat and narrow, and every year its surface becomes larger. The bulbs increase in weight; in the second or third year, vegetative propagation of the tulip is already possible.

In the first year, the bulbs need to be dug up when half of them have dried leaves, dried and stored at a temperature of 23-25 ° C. When planting in the fall, the bulbs must be watered for better rooting, and the soil must be mulched. With the arrival of spring, when the leaves appear, the seedlings need regular watering until the leaves begin to die off.

Planting bulbs from a container into open ground occurs in the second or third year. After which they need to be dug up every year and replanted deeper each time. Flowering can be expected in the fourth to sixth year, sometimes you have to wait fifteen years.

Propagating tulips by seeds is a rather labor-intensive method. It is usually used to breed new varieties.

These delightful flowers come in a variety of shapes, colors and sizes. Pink, lilac, yellow, red tulips decorate the garden from the moment the snow melts until the arrival of summer, evoking associations with the warmth of spring.

Digging up bulbs

The digging time depends on the plant variety and the timing of its flowering. Digging is done when the leaves of the plant have already turned yellow, but have not yet dried. This is a sign that the bulb is ripe. Plants with green leaves should be left in the ground to ripen. If the leaves resemble dry paper in texture, rustle, and are easily separated from the stem, then digging is done too late.

Typically, the end of the growing season for most varieties occurs at the end of June - mid-July. During this period, the color of the leaves fades, the plant tissues lose turgor, and the covering scales become brown. Unripe bulbs have white integumentary scales. In central Russia, the tulip harvesting period begins in the first half of July.

When digging up bulbs, novice gardeners are recommended to perform the following types of work step by step:

First, you need to remove the grass (weeds) so that it does not interfere with the work.
It is better not to remove the stems and leaves of the plant before digging, as they will help determine the location of the bulb.
When digging, the shovel should not be placed at an angle to the plant, as this can damage the bulb. It needs to be buried vertically into the ground, as deep as possible, gradually rocking it with your foot, since the roots of tulips tend to go deep into the soil, especially if they were not dug up last year.
The nest of bulbs is cleared of soil.
Remove roots and leaves. This is easy to do with a well-ripened onion. If the roots are poorly separated, the bulbs are cleaned from the ground and laid to dry along with the roots, since otherwise the new bottom of the daughter bulb can be damaged. Healthy tops can be placed in a compost heap.
Tulips are sorted by variety and placed in boxes (boxes) in a place protected from direct sunlight. They should be laid in no more than 2-3 layers. If the weather is dry and warm, they are kept outdoors for 2-3 days to dry.
If cleaning was done in wet weather, then the stuck soil on the tulips is washed in running water.
After drying, the bulbs are cleaned of dry covering brown scales and remaining roots. Those scales that fit tightly to the succulent tissues do not need to be removed; they play the role of protection from damage.
Large nests are divided into babies.
The planting material is sorted.

Simultaneously with digging, it is necessary to inspect the bulbs. If mold is found on them, then all planting material must be treated with fungicidal preparations (Maxim, Vitaros, Fitosporin and others). At home, you can use a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate, in which the planting material is soaked for half an hour.

Damaged specimens that were cut off with a shovel during digging do not need to be thrown away. They will grow when planted if the roots and bottom are preserved. Daughter bulbs are formed at the bottom. In the first year, such a plant will not bloom, but over the summer it will gain strength, form a new healthy bulb and can produce more children than whole specimens.

When the tulip is planted in a deep or incorrect direction, stolons are formed in the root system and the daughter bulbs are located not in the nest, but vertically, on the stem. They can be used for planting.

Brief instructions on how to plant tulip bulbs

Before you begin planting, you need to choose an unshaded place in the garden, prepare the soil and bulbs. The soil in the flowerbed should be fertile, loose, air- and water-permeable, and the bulbs should be sorted by size, discarding all diseased, damaged and too small specimens. Immediately before planting in the ground, the planting material is freed from the top husk and disinfected with potassium permanganate or the Maxim drug.

Pictured is planting tulips

How to plant bulbs:

make grooves or separate holes in the flowerbed for tulip bulbs; you can place planting material on leveled ground;
pour a little sand into the holes to prevent disease of the tulip bulbs;
determine the planting depth depending on the size of the bulbs - usually planted at a depth three times the size of the bulb (pre-sorting the planting material by size will make your task easier);
maintain a distance between tulips twice the diameter of the bulbs;
the bulbs can be dusted with ash and sprinkled with sand on all sides;
Cover the top of the planting with soil and use a rake to level the surface of the ground.

If autumn is dry, the flowerbed will need to be watered a week and a half after planting. As soon as stable frosts arrive, mulch the ground with peat, dry leaves, compost or straw. In spring, remove the mulch so that it does not interfere with the delicate shoots of tulips.

The photo shows watering tulips after planting