“Trichodermin”, “Trichoderma veride”, “Trichofite”, etc. are biological fungicides of a new generation. They belong to organic biological products containing soil fungi Trichoderma.
The effectiveness of using this kind of drugs has proven itself repeatedly, so these drugs have found wide application in agricultural technology. The drugs stimulate the plant’s immunity, protect against fungal diseases, and increase soil fertility.
Biofungicides are the best means of protection against fungal diseases today.
Purpose
The main purpose is the prevention and treatment of plant and soil diseases caused by fungal infections.
However, the drugs are universal, their scope of application is extensive:
1. Prevention and treatment of diseases – late blight, coccomycosis , powdery mildew, gray and white rot , clusterosporiasis, leaf curl, scab, fruit rot, “black leg”, fusarium, ascochyta blight and many others;
2. Improving the beneficial microflora of the soil, restoring it after treatment with chemicals;
3. Treatment of seeds before planting in the ground;
4. Disinfection of the soil before planting - treatment of planting holes;
5. The drug can also be regarded as an organic fertilizer, since its side effect is the decomposition of chemical and organic compounds in the soil;
6. Use in cosmetology.
Operating principle
The basis of these drugs, which triggers the mechanism of action, is the soil fungus antagonist Trichoderma lignorum, which parasitizes the mycelium of other soil fungi. As soon as it hits the soil, it immediately begins to create its own colony - a powerful mycelium. In the process of life, this fungus suppresses the growth of other fungi, up to their complete destruction.
Fungi of the species Trichoderma lignorum
In addition to this growth and development, the fungus secretes antibiotics (glitoxin, satsukkalin, trichodermin, viridin), which block the development of diseases.
The drug releases carbon and breaks down organic matter into inorganic components, which are gradually converted into phosphorus-nitrogen compounds, which helps enrich the soil.
All ongoing processes activate the action of plant cell sap, as a result of which their growth accelerates and immunity increases - resistance to diseases
Composition and varieties
The active substance is a substrate containing spores and other waste products of the soil fungus Trichoderma lignorum .
Includes:
- active ingredient – spores of the fungus Trichoderma;
- grain substrate (most often barley), which serves as the main medium from which the growth and development of the fungus begins;
- a vitamin complex that allows you to activate the growth and development of mushroom crops;
There are a dozen varieties of drugs that function on this basis and according to the above principle.
Examples of drugs based on the action of the Trichoderma fungus
The most famous and widely used today are the following:
- "Trichodermin"
- "Trichoderma veride"
- "Trichophyte"
- "Trichoflor"
- "Glyokladin"
- "FITO-M".
All of them have an equivalent effect, so you can choose any of them. More often, preference in choice is given to Trichoderma, Trichoderma veride and Glyokladina .
The drugs are available either in powder form, in tablet form, or in the form of an aqueous suspension.
The produced preparations are completely ready for use, however, some gardeners believe that it is better to pre-prepare the bacteria for use, to make the so-called “master composition” . The next video is about this.
Effect of the drug on garden and vegetable crops
Trichoderma veride contains a large number of different active substances, so it can be used for the following purposes:
- for the prevention of various types of diseases;
- for the treatment of “sick” plants;
- for soil disinfection before spring planting of seeds or seedlings;
- for treating seed material;
- to disinfect the root system of seedlings, for this purpose the plants are placed in a container with this drug;
- to combat “harmful” insects that attack fruit trees, berry bushes and other garden crops.
When introduced into the soil, saprophytic fungi begin to rapidly multiply, displacing pathogens from it. As a result, pathogenic microorganisms are left without “food” and die.
BIOLOGICAL FUNGICIDE TRICHODERMA VERIDE - video
Important!
Once the package is opened, you should use saza, otherwise Trichoderma veride fungi, found in an unusual environment, quickly lose their ability to reproduce.
Instructions for use
The preparations can be used for spraying plants, for root watering, and for treating soil and seeds. The first treatment is done for preventive purposes, during the spring digging of the earth. Subsequent ones - as needed, when signs of disease appear.
The following table summarizes the dosage, application rates and frequency of treatments with Trichodermin and Trichoderma veride.
| Type of events | Consumption rate and dosage | Frequency of processing |
| Tillage | 30-40 ml. per 1 m2 | Once before spring digging, or processing planting holes. |
| Soaking the seeds | 30-40 ml. drug per 1 liter. water. | |
| Transplanting plants, treating roots before transplanting | 50 ml. drug per 1 liter. water. | |
| Treatment of seed potatoes before planting | 250 g of the drug per 10 liters of clean water, per 100 kg. planting material | 1-2 times processing |
| Spraying plants | 20-50 ml per 10 l. water depending on the crop being processed | Conducted no more than once a week |
Manufacturers guarantee a lasting positive effect of the drug for about 30 days.
Rules for using the fungicide Trichoderma Veride
There are certain rules and features of the use of Trichoderma. The dosage of the drug will directly depend on the type of plant to be treated.
How to prepare the solution
Preparing the solution does not take much time and does not require much effort. The required amount of powder is dissolved in the required volume of liquid. The resulting mixture is poured into the spray tank and used for its intended purpose. The finished drug concentrate must be dissolved in water. It is used according to the same principle.
Treatment of seeds, seedlings and tubers
Treatment of planting material with Trichoderma Veride solution is carried out to prevent the development of phytopathologies. Preventive soaking is performed 1-3 days before sowing or planting planting material in the soil.
The working solution is prepared in strict accordance with the instructions. For 100 ml of water you should take 50 ml of emulsion.
The components should be mixed thoroughly. It is important that the mixture is homogeneous.
Place the material for planting or sowing into the prepared mass and leave it for 1 hour. After this, it is removed and dried.
For seedlings, slightly different proportions apply: water - 10 l, Trichoderma - 100 ml. The seedlings should be placed in the prepared solution for half an hour. The roots should be completely covered with liquid. You cannot keep plants in the preparation for longer than the prescribed time - this can be harmful.
Soil disinfection
During seasonal soil preparation, the use of Trichoderma is also advisable. For this purpose, you can use a solution of different concentrations. For spring and autumn treatment, 50 ml of Trichoderma is diluted in 1 bucket of water.
The drug Trichoderma can be called a kind of vaccine for plants
This volume is enough for 10 sq. meters. For a plot of 1 hectare you will need a concentrate of 150 ml of the drug and 1 bucket of water. The prepared solution is used to water the soil shortly before sowing or planting seedlings.
Security measures
Safety precautions when working with Trichoderma are no different from those observed when using drugs with fungicidal and bactericidal activity. Main rules:
- work is carried out strictly in the presence of personal protective equipment - goggles, gloves, mask or respirator;
- You can work with the solution only in a protective suit or clothing made of thick fabric;
- after finishing spraying or watering, you must wash your face and hands with soap;
- When the liquid is used up, the container where it was located should be disinfected.
Trichoderma cannot be called a drug hazardous to health, but it is better to prevent drops of the solution from getting on the skin and mucous membranes.
If this happens, it is necessary to rinse the skin or eyes under running water. If solution particles get into the nasopharynx, rinse.
Security and restrictions
Preparations based on the Trichoderma fungus can be used together with insecticides and fungicides. Restrictions apply to drugs containing mercury and copper compounds, as well as strains of Metarhizium fungi (for example, drugs Metarizin , Mikorad INSEKTO, etc.).
The number of treatments per season is not limited
There is no waiting period, these biological products do not accumulate in plants and fruits, which allows you to grow environmentally friendly products.
Advantages and disadvantages
Pros:
- safe for beneficial insects (bees);
- non-toxic;
- harmless to the environment, humans and plants;
- does not remain in fruits and berries;
- application on all types of soil;
- the ability to use with other products, except copper- and mercury-containing;
- high digestibility rate;
- action for a month;
- increasing immunity.
Minuses:
- ineffective and economically unprofitable when used over large areas;
- action is slow compared to chemicals.
Recommendations and conclusions
- The safety of the drugs Trichodermin and Trichoderma veride is undeniable - they are non-toxic and completely safe for humans.
- The storage conditions for the drugs must be observed: store in a dry and cool place.
- Unlike the well-known drug "Fitosporin", these drugs do not affect the cellular structure of plants, however, "Trichodermin" has a faster effect. For maximum efficiency, they can be used together.
- The obvious advantages (2in1) are, firstly, the effective prevention and treatment of fungal diseases, and secondly, the improvement and saturation of the soil.
- I definitely recommend Trichodermin for use.
*** Changes and additions were made on 09/05/2019.
How to grow Trichoderma at home.
Growing Trichoderma at home is not an easy task, primarily because in the first stages it is necessary to ensure complete sterility. Both the container in which Trichoderma will be grown and the substrate on which it will develop. Otherwise, other microorganisms will develop instead of trichoderma.
To prepare the trichoderma preparation, you can use wheat seeds, rice, oatmeal, and pearl barley. In order to prepare the cereal for settlement, it must be thoroughly washed and soaked in water for a day.
Next, the cereal needs to be steamed. Pour it into a half liter jar and place it in the microwave for 7 minutes. Do not close the jar with a lid. After the wet, swollen cereal has cooled, you can begin colonizing with Trichoderma.
We take the liquid drug trichodermin, or dilute it dry according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and pour two tablespoons of this drug into a jar of our cereal and pour it. Next, cover the jar with a napkin or a clean cotton cloth. Place in a warm place with a temperature of 12 to 28 degrees.
And after some time, usually a week, the grain will begin to become covered first with a white and then with a green coating.
This drug can be used by pouring into the holes of plants, such as cucumber or cabbage, to protect against root rot. So in liquid form, stir it in water, let it settle, then filter it and use it for spraying plants.
