Fruits and berries » Grapes
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Kira Stoletova
The Pharaoh grape variety is a new hybrid that has an unusual, pleasant taste, which is why gardeners love it so much. This species was created by breeder Pavlovsky by combining two grapes - Podarok Zaporozhye and Strashensky. The Pharaoh grape was recently developed and is therefore at the testing stage.
Description of the grape variety Pharaoh
Description of the variety Pharaoh
Very large berry.
Good yield.
Soft skin.
The hybrid Pharaoh was bred by breeder Evgeniy Georgievich Pavlovsky through crossing two table varieties - Podarok Zaporozhye and Strashensky. It was obtained quite recently, so the properties of the variety have not yet been fully studied.
The size of the berries is something!
The weight of the first berry you come across.
Despite this, the hybrid is rapidly gaining popularity. After all, the dream of every winegrower is to grow the largest berries on his plot, and this variety weighs 15 , or even 20 grams .
The bunch is also quite large (0.8–1.0 kg), of a regular wide-conical shape, the density of the berries is average, which allows them to maintain their integrity.
Round berries of dark purple color, having reached full ripeness, delight with a simple but harmonious taste with a light aroma. A pleasant surprise will be the completely non-hard skin and a small number of seeds inside.
In terms of ripening period, Pharaoh belongs to the mid-early varieties, the growing season is no more than 130 days . Harvesting can be done in late August – early September.
Description of Hamlet grapes
Very early ripening period, 105-115 days, ripens at the end of August.
Frost resistance -23 degrees.
The flower is bisexual.
The clusters are conical, may have a wing, are medium-loose, very large, with an average weight of 700-900 g or more.
The berries are very large 14-18 g, oval-ovoid, elongated, with a blunt nose, pink-red color with a harmonious taste. The pulp is fleshy, juicy, crispy. The skin is thin and cannot be felt when eating.
Sugar accumulation up to 22%.
Resistant to major fungal diseases of grapes.
The bush is vigorous.
The vine ripens well. The cuttings take root well.
Pruning for fruiting of 6-8 buds.
Flaws
Pharaoh grapes need shelter for the winter.
The variety has virtually no disadvantages. The only disadvantages include, perhaps, the need for insulation in severe frosts.
Advantages
Pharaoh grapes are perfect for industrial cultivation.
There are many more advantages:
- A distinctive feature of this hybrid is the excellent survival rate of young shoots and their good ripening along the entire length;
- bisexual flowers are pollinated simply perfectly;
- the bush is usually vigorous, has good frost resistance - it will tolerate frosts down to -23 ° C without any problems, but if a colder winter is expected, then it is better to cover the vine in the fall so that it does not freeze;
- resistance to mildew and oidium is average , but the grapes are not susceptible to cracking and damage by wasps;
- in this regard, commercial interest in Pharaoh increases, since it perfectly retains its presentation and withstands transportation well.
Landing place
Proper placement of grapes in the garden plot is the key to a good harvest.
It is very important to choose the right place to grow your grapevine. Almost everything depends on this:
- what will the harvest be like?
- how high quality the bunches will be;
- susceptibility of bushes to various diseases, etc.
It is best if the vineyard is located in a sunny area, protected from strong winds and drafts.
A high, solid fence will provide good protection from the north wind.
Protection can be any building, fence or specially installed support in the form of a metal or wooden lattice. The height of the support must be at least 2 m.
Do not place the vine in a dark place; lowlands and northern slopes are also not suitable , as there is a danger of late spring or early autumn frosts. If you still have to plant on a slope, then it is better to use a gentle southern or southwestern slope.
The soil
Pharaoh has no special requirements for soil composition. But in order for seedlings to take root and develop better, they need well-warmed, drained and moist soil.
A pit for grapes filled with fertile soil.
The land for planting should be prepared in advance: for spring planting - in the fall, for autumn planting - about 60 days in advance, which means in the summer. Pay attention to the depth of groundwater ; it should not be less than 50 cm, since excessive moisture is harmful to grapes.
If the soil fertility is insufficient, it should be enriched, that is, fertilized. Organic fertilizers applied during planting will last for at least 3 years. After three years, add organic matter to the soil again.
Fertilizing the soil
It is better to do mineral fertilizing with preparations dissolved in water so that they are absorbed by the plants as best as possible.
Strictly adhere to the instructions for the preparations, observe the proportions and do not violate the timing of fertilizer application, so as not to cause harm to the vineyard. If you are not yet a very experienced winegrower, then it is better to use complex preparations that contain everything the plant needs.
Agricultural technology
To plant seedlings, you should first prepare fertile but well-drained soil. Sandstone with a fertile top layer is ideal. If you have loam or black soil, then the grapes will need a substrate of gravel and sand. To install it, you should dig a hole (80 by 80 cm square, the same depth).
The hole is filled in the following way: a layer of gravel, a layer of sand, a layer of sand with humus, a layer of fertile soil. The seedling is buried 30-40 cm and watered abundantly.
Pharaoh should be planted at a distance of at least 2 meters from each other to provide enough space for a mature bush. The grapes are demanding of space and sunlight. The best location is near the wall on its south side. It is recommended to have a wall at least 2 m high. The distance of the hole for the bush from the wall is 1-1.5 m.
Organic fertilizers are applied to grapes during planting and then every three years. Minerals are added annually. In spring, feed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. After harvesting phosphorus-potassium.
A necessary condition for the growth of Pharaoh grapes, like any other, is regular weeding and loosening. Clean soil under the bush will save you from unnecessary pests and diseases, and loose soil will create an optimal microclimate for the roots.
Correct fit
When planting, the growth of the grape bushes and the size of the trellis on which the vine will be attached are taken into account.
When planting seedlings, you should keep in mind that the variety is a vigorous variety. The plantings should not be allowed to become dense ; they should be planted so that the bushes do not block each other’s sunlight.
The most optimal distance between rows and bushes in a row is about 2.5 m.
Pay special attention to the choice of planting material - it must be of high quality, strong, with a well-developed root system and living buds. If a woody seedling is chosen for planting, then keep its roots in water for 2 days so that it is saturated with moisture lost over the winter.
How to make a hole for a seedling
Scheme of planting grape seedlings.
First of all, level the planting area. Be sure to loosen the top layer of soil, and then start preparing the hole:
- pit size 0.8x0.8x0.8;
- fill the hole: 1 layer – 4 buckets of manure, 2 layer – nitroammophoska 0.5 kg, 3 layer – wood ash 0.5 kg, 4 layer – fertile soil 10 cm, mix everything;
- add fertile soil, not reaching 0.2 m to the edge of the hole;
- make a 0.4 m recess in the middle;
- plant a seedling;
- dig it in and compact the surface of the earth around it;
- Carefully pour at least 4 buckets of water .
Such watering will provide the roots of the seedling with good contact with the soil, and this, in turn, will help the plant to take root.
Harvest and storage
The bunches are cut using pruning shears, and after harvesting they are placed in dry boxes. If you plan to preserve the berries longer, you need to remove all damaged, rotten fruits from the bunches. Then put them in small containers - up to 10 liters in volume. Lay out the products in 1 layer. Store in a cool, dry place.
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Conditions for long-term storage:
- temperature 0…+4°С;
- humidity 90%.
Taking all the circumstances into account, it is not surprising that Pharaoh is one of the varieties with great prospects. In a short time, without being fully explored, it has already gained a lot of admirers among winegrowers. Undoubtedly, its popularity will only increase in the future.
Seedling acclimatization
Sheltering a grape seedling after planting.
After the water has been completely absorbed, a number of actions should be taken to help the seedling acclimatize. If the grapes were planted in the spring, there is a danger that dry winds and high temperatures will cause weathering of the buds and the seedlings will die.
To prevent this from happening, you need to prevent the kidneys from drying out.
How to do it:
- after watering, cover the tree trunk circle with a layer ( 8 cm ) of dry soil;
- cover the seedling with a pile of sand;
- install two arcs 15 cm from the top point of the sand mound;
- put the film on top and strengthen it by pressing it to the ground with something.
Such simple protection will create comfort for the seedling, retaining moisture and warming the soil, which is necessary for its good establishment. After a couple of weeks, this structure can be removed without fear for the seedling.
Care and pruning
The main formative pruning of grapes is done in autumn.
It is very important that the young plant does not get lost in the weed. In the first year of life, the main care of the vineyard is weeding.
Not only young, but also adult bushes need timely removal of weeds. The weed clogs the barely established seedling and interferes with its full development. In addition, the weed is infested with pests: mites, cutworms, bedbugs, wireworms, and grape leafhoppers.
Watering
Grapes should be watered generously, especially in hot weather.
The root system of an adult plant extends 2.5 m horizontally and up to 13 m in depth . With insufficient watering, grapes can take moisture from neighboring plants growing on the site. Pay special attention to watering when the buds open, flowering ends and the berries begin to ripen. But after the buds appear and during flowering, watering should be limited to prevent the flowers from falling off.
Trimming
Due to the high growth vigor, cut Pharaoh grapes into 6–8 buds.
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Reviews from our colleagues
Thanks to its good winter hardiness, bush strength, endurance, and good yield, the Pharaoh variety is loved by Russian gardeners.
On Pharaoh bushes you can get beautiful and large bunches without additional processing or special effort.
Victor Tashchyan, Crimea : Hello! Yesterday I went to my friends to pick up cuttings of Pharaoh and was very pleasantly surprised by the taste of these grapes. I couldn’t even imagine that I would like non-crispy grapes with relatively loose berries. I'm waiting for the cutting I ordered. Its taste was a pleasant surprise for me, I’m glad that it will grow with me!
Vladimir Kanevsky, Krasnodar region : This year I was pleased with this variety. Some of the berries, while still green, were larger than Rochefort's ripe ones. It withstood the frosts of early October 2021 very well.
History of appearance
The Pharaoh variety appeared recently and there is still little information about it, but it has already found its fans and quickly began to spread throughout the vineyards, because in the soul every winegrower dreams of growing very large berries, but here their weight is 10-15 grams, and even brushes with a kilogram.
The Pharaoh variety is called a variety of amateur selection. It was obtained by E. G. Pavlovsky by crossing Gift to Zaporozhye and Strashensky. The hybrid turned out great. It should be noted that E. G. Pavlovsky obtained more than 50 interesting, popular grape varieties among fans.
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His hand also belongs to Romeo, the Unlighted Dawn and the Sponsor.
