Well, who hasn’t heard about Chernobryvtsy, beloved by our mothers and grandmothers - marigold flowers? They decorate flower beds, delight the eye in squares and parks, and are frequent guests in vegetable gardens, palisades, and areas adjacent to shops. Marigolds are very famous for their varied bright colors and have a pleasant, specific smell that many garden insect pests do not like.
The scope of application of this plant is very wide: they are used to decorate decorative panels on the walls of house facades, loggias, balconies, and also grow well in flower beds and flower beds. They look good when decorating a decorative landscape in the architectural design of plots.
How to grow marigolds?
How to plant marigold seedlings correctly photo
Marigolds are very unpretentious in care; it is not for nothing that they have gained the reputation of being one of the most unpretentious flowers that are grown artificially. They can grow on any soil. But they like bright places; waterlogging of the soil is undesirable. Watering is not frequent, which can be combined with fertilizing with mineral fertilizers, diluting fertilizers in water.
Gardeners often practice planting marigolds between beds or near a greenhouse
- Having a specific smell, this plant repels harmful insects. Marigolds can grow in flower beds, special containers, flowerpots and even shallow pots, decorating walls or loggias.
All varieties of flowers can be sown in open ground with seeds. To do this, it is best to purchase seeds at specialized retail outlets. With further breeding, those seeds that are produced after the seeds ripen will be sufficient. But you must take into account: if you use the seeds of the same plants for several years, they may lose the properties of the original variety and will not be similar to the variety that you purchased.
There are two ways to sow and grow:
- pre-grown seedlings;
- sowing seeds directly into the ground;
The choice of growing method may depend on growing factors: at what time flowers are needed, duration of flowering, quantity required, weather conditions and growing conditions.
When to plant marigolds in open ground? Remember: night temperatures should not fall below 5 degrees. This is usually the end of April in regions with mild climates. You can plant seedlings in open ground until the end of May-beginning of June.
Planting and caring for marigolds
- Planting: sowing in open ground at the end of May or beginning of June. For seedlings - in March.
- Flowering: from June to frost.
- Lighting: bright sunlight or partial shade.
- Soil: loamy, well moistened at the beginning of the growing season, nutritious, neutral.
- Watering: regular and sufficient until flowering begins, then moderate.
- Feeding: with mineral solutions: 1st - when the seedlings are 10 cm high, 2nd - during budding, 3rd - at the beginning of flowering.
- Trimming: possible, but not required.
- Reproduction: seed.
- Pests: spider mites, thrips, aphids, caterpillars, snails, slugs.
- Diseases: gray rot, black leg, root rot, viral infections.
Read more about growing marigolds below.
Marigolds (lat. Tagetes) are a genus of perennial and annual plants belonging to the Asteraceae or Asteraceae family. The plants are native to South and Central America. They have long been used in rituals of local Indian tribes, as well as to get rid of various diseases. Marigolds came to Europe in the 16th century and were the first overseas flowers to appear in Russia. Marigold flowers owe their name to Carl Linnaeus, who named them in honor of Tages, an Etruscan demigod, grandson of Jupiter, famous for his gift of fortune-telling and beauty.
Today marigolds, or, as they are also called, black-browed ones, number about 40 species and are cultivated in many countries around the world.
- Imperial hazel grouse
How to plant marigolds with seeds in open ground
Planting marigolds Marigolds growing from seeds when to plant
When to plant marigolds in the ground with seeds? It all depends on the climate, the main thing is that there is no frost at night and the soil is ripe. Keep in mind that the seeds of Chernobyvtsy are not afraid of frost, and can even survive the winter or survive sowing before winter. They just won’t sprout before the earth warms up. Many people are also often concerned about how long marigolds sprout. If the weather is warm, you have to wait two to three weeks before the first shoots appear.
We sow like this:
- The depth of embedding is small; you can make grooves with a hoe or small holes up to 5 cm deep.
- They strive to make the distance no closer than 10-15 cm between plants. But you can also sow with a continuous ribbon, and then replant the excess plants.
- Cover the seeds with soil using a rake.
- We water it.
This is where all the wisdom ends. However, you can speed up flowering a little and improve the living conditions, more on that below.
When sowing marigold seeds in open ground, take into account the conditions that are necessary for the growth of young plants. Namely: the area should be well lit, they certainly tolerate shade, but still do not like it, reacting by reducing the abundance of flowering and stretching the bushes, which is why their decorative effect suffers.
To get marigolds without seedlings...
- In the garden, they often try to prepare a fertile soil mixture well fertilized with mineral and organic fertilizers, but this is not urgently necessary: the flowers are so unpretentious that they can grow on the poorest soils; it is enough to simply provide them with the necessary amount of moisture.
- They respond very well to watering, but drying out the soil is fraught with troubles: the lower leaves dry out, and the bushes themselves stop growing, the flowering is scanty and inconspicuous.
- Flowers will bloom only one and a half to two months after sowing, this should be taken into account. Early sowing (mid-April) and germinating seeds before planting will help to slightly reduce the time before the buds begin to open and increase the flowering time. This is the method that experienced flower growers use.
To do this, just place the seeds in a shallow plate, cover with damp gauze, folded in several layers, place in a plastic bag or wrap in transparent film. After completing these procedures, place the plate in a warm, sunny place: one suitable place is a windowsill.
After two or three days, the seeds can be sown, having previously examined them for germination; healthy seeds should be swollen and with a slightly cracked skin. You can lightly dry the seeds in the sun for two to three hours until they flow, or you can not wait, but mix them with dry sand and sow them together.
Before planting, it is necessary to moisten the soil, make holes or grooves 4-5 cm deep. It is best to sow the seeds using the square-cluster method, that is, the distance between the seeds should be 15-20 cm square. After the seeds have sprouted, it is necessary to thin out, leaving the healthiest seedlings.
For those who don’t like unnecessary actions...
- It is quite possible to limit yourself to simply sowing seeds in rows without any preparation or soaking. Chernobryvtsy will still sprout and develop beautifully. Just a week or two later. But don’t be lazy about watering, no flowers grow without moisture!
Caring for marigolds
Marigolds love bright light, and although they tolerate partial shade and even shade well, they bloom most luxuriantly in the strongest sun. During growth, watering should be sufficient, but as soon as inflorescences begin to form, watering should be reduced so that the moisture does not stagnate: this causes the plants to rot and not bloom. It is not necessary to fertilize your marigolds, but if you feed them, the marigolds will respond gratefully. You need to feed with complex fertilizers when the seedlings reach a height of 10 cm, then when the first buds appear and, finally, at the very beginning of flowering.
Marigolds need regular weeding and loosening of the soil, otherwise they have difficulty breathing. In summer, if the marigolds have become overgrown, prune them to form beautiful bushes. Remove spent blooms and the plants will bloom even more. The peculiar aroma of marigolds and the phytoncides they contain serve as protection against fungal diseases not only for the plants themselves, but also for those growing in the neighborhood. It’s not for nothing that many gardeners frame their entire garden plot with marigold plantings. snails and slugs may appear . The smell of bleach placed in jars between the plants can scare them away.
gray rot does appear on the leaves and stems . In this case, the affected plants will have to be destroyed so that they do not infect the rest of the marigolds. In dry summers, plants may be attacked by spider mites, which will have to be combated by spraying with infusion of onions, yarrow, and red hot pepper. But to prevent this from happening, try to increase the level of air humidity by spraying water around the marigolds several times a day.
- Arabis: growing from seeds, types and varieties
How to grow marigold seedlings from seeds at home
Planting marigolds for seedlings When to plant marigolds
When to plant marigold seedlings? To get flowering plants as early as June, you need to prepare seedlings in advance, which will be planted immediately after the end of the night frosts. Sowing dates begin at the end of February and shift until the end of March-mid-April.
You can prepare a nutritious soil mixture in the fall. Peat, turf soil, humus and sand are mixed. River sand can be used, but before adding it to the soil mixture, it is advisable to calcine it in the oven or treat it with potassium permanganate.
However, you don’t have to bother yourself and just buy a ready-made flower substrate in which you can grow beautiful seedlings with strong trunks and spreading leaves.
How to grow Chernobyvtsy seedlings on a windowsill:
How to plant marigold seeds for seedlings photo
- Needle seeds are easy to distribute evenly in the planting container; it is better to leave a distance of 3-4 cm to ensure powerful plants. The depth of embedding is 1 cm, two are possible.
- You can immediately plant the seeds in separate cups, which will later simplify the task of transplanting to a permanent place. Marigolds get sick longer if their roots are damaged than asters, so it’s better not to disturb them again. However, even withered bushes are accepted over time and take root perfectly.
- For quick germination, you can cover it with film or glass, creating a greenhouse effect. Marigolds take a long time to sprout, so you should be patient.
- When we see the first shoots, we open the greenhouse.
- You need to water regularly, but not overdo it, so that rot does not develop and the seedlings do not die. Simply keeping the soil moist is enough.
- Do not overheat the air in the room where the seedlings are growing. The temperature should be less than 25 °C.
- If you notice that the seedlings are stretched out and have a pale color, it means that they do not have enough light. You need to choose the sunny side of the apartment or organize additional lighting.
- If you really want to try, water the seedlings 1-2 times with a solution of complex fertilizer for flowers, with an interval of 10 days.
- Before planting, a couple of weeks before planting, we begin to harden the seedlings, accustoming them to the sun, wind and coolness. Take it out onto the balcony, loggia, or threshold of the house. We gradually increase the time spent outside so that by the time of planting the plants are completely accustomed to the street.
At a height of 10-15 cm, marigold seedlings are ready for transplanting into open ground.
How to sow marigolds for seedlings video:
As you can see, everything is simple: the seeds are large enough, which allows you to plant them one at a time in cups without any hassle and simply water them until the time comes to transplant the seedlings to a permanent place.
Here’s another interesting way: sowing marigolds into a snail on paper, a video will tell you about this:
Well, probably even the laziest gardener will find an acceptable way and grow blackbrews for his flowerbed!
Preparing seeds for sowing
Marigold seeds
The article “Marigolds – the best varieties” will help you choose excellent varieties of marigolds for growing.
Elongated black achenes of marigolds with a beige or yellow membranous tuft remain viable for 2–3 years and sprout in the following periods:
- upright varieties and hybrids – after 10–12 days;
- rejected varieties and hybrids - after 10–18 days;
- thin-leaved varieties and hybrids - after 12–18 days.
To speed up seed pecking and emergence, you can soak the seeds in clean water or, more effectively, treat them with one of the growth stimulants, for example, heteroauxin. This technique will reduce the waiting time for sprouts by 5–7 days.
For soaking, prepare a weak solution of heteroacousin at a concentration of 0.001% and immerse the seeds for 6–12 hours, after which they are slightly dried and sown. For the same purposes, you can use Epin's solution.
In dry weather, after sowing swollen seeds, be sure to carry out frequent irrigation. In general, the use of stimulants will not only contribute to the production of early seedlings, but will also enhance the development of plants and have a positive effect on the formation of lush inflorescences.
When processing seeds, pay attention to weather conditions - if you have to sow in open ground, and the weather is cold and rainy, it is better not to soak the seeds, otherwise they may rot or become moldy. Dry seeds, lying in the ground, will germinate at the most favorable moment for them.
Planting marigold seedlings in open ground
How to plant marigolds in open ground correctly
It's very simple:
- We prepare shallow holes so that the lump of earth fits completely into them.
- You can pre-water it and put a handful of humus on the bottom.
- Carefully release the seedlings from the cups and place them vertically, covering them with soil.
- We water so that the soil subsides, but the water does not stagnate.
- You can immediately mulch the surface with what you have on hand. These could be last year's leaves, fresh grass, hay or pine needles from the forest.
- The distance between the holes depends on the selected variety. For low-growing varieties, 10-15 cm is enough; for medium- and tall-growing varieties, leave more space, about 30-40 cm.
Chaotic plantings look original, creating a simple naturalness. We have all long been accustomed to rows; they look boring and familiar. Create a composition, for example, by planting petunias in the foreground and blackberry in the background.
Another video on how to grow marigold seedlings, plant them in the ground and care for flowers:
A luxurious flowerbed that does not require special care? Now you see that with marigolds it is easy!
When and how to collect seeds
It is not necessary to buy marigold seeds for planting in open ground every time. You can assemble them yourself. They begin to appear when 30-40 days have passed from the beginning of flowering.
To obtain seed, you need to leave a few wilted inflorescences and wait until they dry completely. Collection is carried out in dry weather. The seeds are stored well until spring.
Comment! Many varieties of marigolds are hybrids. In approximately 25% of cases, the properties of the parent plants are not preserved.
If it is important to preserve color, then it is better to propagate marigolds from stem cuttings
Care when growing in open ground
Marigold flowers planting and care in open ground photo
Plants do not require special care and do not require special costs or effort. However, perhaps, like all cultivated plants, watering and weeding from weeds and soil cultivation in the form of loosening are required.
How to water
Watering is necessary in moderation, but you cannot do without it, otherwise your flowerbed will be covered with dried brooms, only the tops of which will retain a fresh look. Especially if it's a hot summer. Don’t just rely on rain, water at least once every three days, remembering to loosen the soil after watering to conserve moisture. Simultaneously with watering, you can fertilize by diluting mineral and organic fertilizers in the water.
In summer, when the weather is hot, to prevent crust formation on the ground, watering is best done in the morning or evening after sunset. If watering is carried out during the day, then it is necessary to loosen the top layer of soil.
Foliar and root feeding
If the soil is prepared correctly before planting, then marigolds do not need additional feeding. If it is clear from the plant that development is rather weak, you can fertilize the leaves with complex fertilizers.
The use of fresh organic matter is not recommended. It is better to ferment the same grass or manure for a couple of weeks and dilute it with water in a ratio of 1:10, pouring a liter of solution under each bush.
It must be remembered that an overdose of fertilizers has a harmful effect on plant growth. Mineral fertilizers are applied the first time during the period of intensive plant growth, the second time when the first buds appear, and the third time before flowering begins.
Formation of bushes
Very rarely does anyone bother with this. However, if you have time, you can give the marigolds a beautiful shape. Prune some additional branches from the main stem. This procedure will significantly improve the nutrition of the remaining buds. The optimal time for pruning is summer, when the buds are already blooming. Buds with signs of any diseases, small or wilted, are also cut off. After the bush is formed, the appearance of new additional branches of the stem stops.
Collecting seeds
For planting next year, it is enough to use seeds that can be collected from flowers grown on the site. To do this, just choose a bright and healthy bush, let it ripen completely, then cut off the buds and dry them. After which the seeds will easily separate and can be stored in a paper bag. When using this method, it is necessary to take into account that this will not affect the health of the plant itself, but you can get a different color of the baskets, different from the mother one.
Features of collection
Preparations for collecting marigold seeds begin in the summer. After flowering, plants with large, beautiful flowers are noted. There are many more seeds on tubular flowers than on double inflorescences. But it is the latter that bear varietal characteristics. If you need to preserve the “fluffy” properties, then it is from them that the seeds are collected.
When they collect
Seed material is collected in the fall, from the second week of September. The readiness of the baskets for harvesting is determined by their appearance. By this time, the stems should already wither and become brown in color. The inflorescences (pods with seeds) become yellowish in color. From the moment of flowering to the collection of seeds, approximately 40 days pass.
On the day of collection there should be dry, windless weather. Otherwise, there is a possibility that the seeds will simply rot.
If frost has already arrived, then they look at the quality of the seeds. If they are wet, then you should not collect and dry them; they most likely will not sprout.
Features of collection
The seed pods are collected in a certain sequence. Ripe dry seeds are collected in the following sequence.
- The boxes that have dried and ripened are carefully cut off.
- Leave them on newspaper or paper in a dry, ventilated area.
- After this, the dry seeds are removed.
- For storage, place in a paper bag or box.
If the weather has been wet and rainy outside for a long time, you can remove the seeds. But the algorithm of actions is slightly different.
- Flowers that are not quite ready for picking are cut off along with the stems.
- All buds are tied into bouquets.
- Flowers are hung upside down.
- Dry newspaper is spread underneath.
- Once completely dry, the seeds will fall onto the newspaper. They should have a black tint.
In such conditions, marigolds ripen; their seed material is no worse than that which ripened under natural conditions.
Calibration
It is better to use large specimens for sowing, as they contain a nutrient reserve that is necessary for germination in the spring. Selected seeds of equal weight are the key to successful germination.
For calibration, use a saline solution (1 tablespoon of salt is diluted with 5 tablespoons of water). A batch of seeds is immersed in it and left for a while. Good seeds will fall to the bottom, and empty and unviable ones will remain floating on top. They are removed. The calibrated specimens are washed and distributed on paper and left to dry completely in a well-ventilated area.
Storage rules
After collection, the seed material is sorted and all remnants of flowers and capsules are removed. The seeds are dried on newspaper or plastic wrap. Can be stored in paper envelopes or plastic bags.
On a note! In a dry paper bag, the seeds are ventilated and the likelihood of mold formation disappears.
Store in a dark, dry place. The room should be warm. The collected material can be planted in the new season, or it can be stored longer. Marigolds do not lose their viability for 2 to 4 years.
Pests and their control
Thanks to its natural properties, the plant not only protects itself from various infectious diseases, but also covers the surrounding area with special essential oils (expressed by a specific smell), which has antiseptic properties. Using this property, gardeners and gardeners plant marigolds next to vegetable beds and greenhouses, or in combination with other flowers.
Slugs and snails
To combat them, you can use special preparations that are purchased in stores, or use an old recipe: sprinkle the edges of the bed, if possible, the entire bed, with dry ash. Having previously collected all the snails and slugs from the beds.
Spider mite
When a spider mite appears, it is best to immediately eliminate the plants to prevent the disease from spreading to other bushes. To prevent the disease, in addition to special medications, you can use folk recipes, for example, a mixture of yarrow with onion infusion.
Gray rot
This disease most often appears in humid weather, when morning fogs set in and the earth does not have time to dry out. If this disease is detected, plants must be removed and burned. the area must be treated with potassium permanganate, or spilled with boiling water, otherwise there will be a risk of infecting all plants and not only marigolds.
Step-by-step instructions for sowing marigolds for seedlings
It is not difficult to grow Tagetes from seeds; the plant is quite unpretentious. However, the matter can be crowned with success only with the initial correct sowing of marigold seeds for seedlings at home. A master class with step-by-step photographs will come to the rescue in this matter, which will describe and illustrate all the stages.
Selection of capacity
Marigold seeds are quite large, it is convenient to sow them in individual containers - plastic cups, peat pots, peat tablets, and especially plastic cassettes . If you choose sufficiently large individual containers, you can do without picking (about 0.5 l).
You can plant tagetes in a common box or bowl . In this case, you will have to pick the seedlings, but there is nothing to worry about - they tolerate picking just fine.
It turns out that when choosing a container for growing marigold seedlings, there are no fundamental preferences - you can plant them in any container.
Important! Any container (except peat tablets and pots) must have drainage holes, since the slightest stagnation of moisture can easily cause rotting of seeds and roots.
Seed selection
You can get tagetes seeds in two ways: go to the store and buy them, or pre-collect them in the fall (if these flowers grow on you or your friend or neighbor).
If you want to buy seed, then choose it from a trusted store and from a reliable manufacturer who enjoys a good reputation and has positive reviews.
Advice! It is not recommended to choose too cheap Chernobrivtsy seeds, as they may not be of very high quality. Also, you should not give preference to goods in dented or damaged packaging.
The packet of seeds must contain detailed information: manufacturer’s recommendations on the timing of tagetes planting, planting in the ground, flowering, information about the variety, contact information, etc.
It is very easy and simple to collect seeds with your own hands (with the exception of hybrids, there is an F1 icon on the package). If you want to collect, you need to do this after flowering (peduncles should turn yellow), in dry weather and before frost.
Important! If you grow flowers of different varieties nearby, then due to cross-pollination, mixing of varietal characteristics occurs. Be sure to take this into account and don't be surprised if, after planting seedlings from your seeds, you find plants with slightly different characteristics.
Carefully collect them, then remove the seeds, place them on paper and dry them at room conditions. After this, place in a fabric or paper bag and store in a dry and dark place.
Thus, it turns out that growing marigolds is quite a practical and profitable activity. Tagetes seeds remain viable when properly stored for up to two to three years.
Seed preparation
Tagetes seeds sown as seedlings germinate well even without any pre-sowing preparation. However, if you want to be 100% sure of successful germination, you can soak marigold seeds in a solution of a growth stimulant drug, for example, Epin-Extra, Zircon (make the solution and soak according to the instructions). Treating Tagetes seeds before sowing will not be superfluous, and you will definitely get stronger and more friendly shoots, strong seedlings.
By the way! Marigold seeds are very large and resemble arrows. therefore it is very convenient to handle them!
Planting material can also be germinated as pre-sowing preparation. Like soaking in a growth stimulant, the procedure will have a beneficial effect on germination. Seed germination is carried out according to the following rules:
- place them on a cotton cloth;
- moisten the material;
- cover the seed with another piece of cloth;
- wrap the fabric in a bag and leave in a warm place for 2-3 days.
You can also germinate Tagetes seeds on a cotton pad , the technology is the same - put the planting material on the disc, moisten it, cover it with another disc, wrap it in plastic and put it in a warm place.
Soil preparation
We can say that this flower crop, by and large, is not demanding on the soil, but it has some preferences that must be satisfied for better growth and development.
The soil should be loose, light, breathable and moderately fertile.
Soil for growing marigolds can be bought in the store - universal soil for flower seedlings .
Or you can do it yourself at home. Optimal soil mixture recipe:
- peat (2 parts);
- humus or compost (1 part);
- pure river sand (1 part).
You can prepare soil for seedlings with the following ingredients:
- peat (1 part);
- compost or humus (1 part);
- clean river sand (1 part);
- soil from the garden (2 parts).
Direct sowing
To properly plant marigold seedlings at home, you need to know all the stages of the procedure. Let's look at step-by-step photo instructions for sowing Tagetes seeds in a plastic box and plastic cassettes:
Step 1: Place drainage material in the bottom of the container. You can use, for example, any small stones, ground brick, perlite, expanded clay (it is used in the photo below). Do not make a layer too thick, 1.5 cm is enough.
Step 2: Fill the container with soil.
Leave a small distance between the soil and the edges of the container.
In this photo, a common plastic bowl is filled with earth:
And here a plastic cassette is used:
Step 3: Water thoroughly.
The most convenient way to do this is with a spray bottle. It is recommended to use warm, clean and settled water, not from the tap!
Step 4: We directly sow marigolds for seedlings.
The planting scheme is quite simple: it is very important to place the seeds horizontally (as in the photo below) . It would be a big mistake to bury them vertically; this could lead to rotting.
If you want to sow Tagetes in individual containers, then it is enough to distribute one seed in one container.
The optimal way to plant marigold seedlings in a common box is in rows.
Make grooves (it’s very convenient to make them using a ruler), their depth is 1 cm, the distance between the grooves is 2 cm:
Place the seeds in them at intervals of 2 centimeters.
By the way! You can transfer seeds into rows either by hand or using tweezers.
By the way! You can simply sow in a common bowl by hand, distributing the seeds evenly over the surface of the soil. Even if it seems that the seeds are too close to each other, don’t worry, the seedlings of this crop tolerate picking well.
Step 5: Cover the seeds with soil.
It is advisable to mix soil and sand in equal proportions and sprinkle with the mixture. And since marigold seedlings are susceptible to blackleg disease, for protection you should add a little wood ash to the sand and soil.
The soil layer is no more than 1 centimeter!
Press lightly, no need to press too hard
Step 6: Water after planting the seeds.
At this stage, it is necessary to water the soil using a spray bottle to avoid burying the seeds under the pressure of water. This also needs to be done carefully. Proper watering will compact the soil to the desired level.
Step 7: Create a mini-greenhouse.
This is a mandatory stage of planting, since Chernobrivts seeds need certain conditions to germinate - humidity, warmth. To create a mini-greenhouse, you need to cover the container with a lid, glass, or film.
Step 8: Marking the seedlings.
In any way convenient for you, mark the container with the future Tagetes seedlings: sign with a marker, attach a sticker, etc.
It is advisable to write the name of the flower, variety, sowing date. Thus, you will not only not confuse the seedlings with other plants, but will also have complete information.
Step 9: Transfer the container to a warm place.
The temperature for emergence of seedlings should be maintained within 20-22 degrees Celsius.
Marigolds in landscape design photo
Marigolds look very beautiful in compositions with ageratum
To decorate a personal plot or flower bed, these flowers can be used in a wide variety of combinations.
Petunia and marigolds look beautiful photo
This is all the more pleasant, because: ease of care, various bright colors, differences in growth height, abundance of color, long flowering period can be used almost unlimitedly.
Beautiful marigolds photo compositions
Marigolds are great in single and combined plantings; they are planted in parks, on the borders of walkways, and in flowerpots for various recreation areas. They decorate balconies and loggias or even billboards and facade walls of houses.
Marigolds in the garden photo flower beds
Plant varieties and photos
Below you can read a description of the appearance of marigold varieties and look at their photos.
Rejected or French
They come from the mountainous regions of Mexico. The name comes from the fact that their side shoots are always rejected. They grow in low bushes up to 60 cm in height, consisting of erect shoots with dark green pinnately dissected leaves. They bloom from June to October.
Flowers are double or semi-double, 4 - 6 cm in diameter. They are undemanding to soil composition and perform well even on rocky soils. Widely used for planting in front gardens and alpine hills.
Thin-leaved or Mexican
They grow in bushes up to 50 cm high from stems branching from the very base. The light green leaves are pinnately dissected, small and narrow. Flowers are golden, orange, red, yellow, up to 2 cm in diameter. They grow well even in heavily polluted soils and on roadsides. The leaves of some varieties are used in cooking.
Erect or African
They grow in tall bushes from 30 cm to 1 meter in height. The stems are straight, ribbed with pinnately divided serrate leaves of all shades of green. Flowers range from light yellow to dark orange with a diameter of up to 13 cm. Well suited for growing as cut flowers.
You can find out all the details about what types of marigolds exist in this article, and you will find photos and descriptions of the most popular varieties here.
Recommendations from experienced gardeners
Some amateur gardeners recommend different times for planting seeds for seedlings. In their opinion, tall varieties are suitable for the earliest planting period (approximately March); in April it is necessary to sow seeds of low-growing crops. Another option worthy of attention is purchasing seedling material from specialized stores, which you can find out about in online sources.
When purchasing seedlings in specialized stores or special nurseries, the seedlings are sold already germinated in special peat cups. Before planting, you need to examine each leaf for damage or any extraneous brown spots. Be sure to ask the seller about the conditions for planting and growing these seedlings, as they may differ from those described above.
What seed material looks like: photo
The formation of marigold seeds occurs in a basket , which consists of a bloomed bud and sepals. When such a basket is opened, you can see black, elongated, thin seeds with a light edge.
This rather unusual appearance of the seeds makes it easy to distinguish them from the planting material of other plants.
Look at the photo, they look like black oblong sticks with a white tip. The basket with seeds is located in the very center of the dried bud .
Since seed germination persists for 4 years or more, flowers can be sown independently.
In the case of unauthorized dispersal, all breeding characteristics and decorative features of a particular variety are lost.
Varieties of marigolds with names, photos and descriptions
Erect marigold or African Tagetes erecta
Erect marigold or African Tagetes erecta photo
Representatives of this species are annual plants that reach a height of up to 120 cm, some species grow up to only 30 cm. Gardeners use this seemingly drawback to create the illusion of an endless field of flowers.
Flowers of various heights in compositions are good in flower beds, flower beds or specially created areas with a sufficient amount of soil. Large baskets of flowers look good in bouquets. The stem on which the buds are held is hard and strong.
The pinnate leaves are arranged alternately and are light green or green in color. The flower buds are mostly double, spherical in shape, in solid shades from bright yellow to deep orange with dark edging. The species does not require care, has good resistance to low temperatures and various diseases.
Varieties of erect marigolds:
Marigold erect variety Antigua photo
Antigua - baskets with a diameter of 8 to 10 cm. Bright yellow or orange colors. Belongs to low-growing varieties: the average flower height is from 20 to 30 cm.
Marigold erect variety Kilimanjaro photo
Kilimanjaro - a distinctive feature of this species is the light petals of the flowers, sometimes white with cream shades. They grow up to 70 cm.
White marigolds erect variety Eskimo photo
Popsicle - this type of "Marigold" has white buds. It differs from Kilimanjaro in its short stature. Grows up to 30 cm.
Marigold erecta Aztec Lime Green photo
Aztec Lime Green - Marigold with a bud petal shade between white and brown. The variety is medium-sized.
Marigold rejected
Terry rejected marigolds Carmen planting and care photo
One of the distinctive features of this species is the presence on the stem of numerous shoots with small spherical baskets. It is this structure of the stem that makes it spreading. The height of the bush of this variety reaches 20 or 40 cm, that is, flower baskets can vary in height and volume. The color palette of the buds can be two-color, usually in the middle of the flower the color changes to yellow or red towards the edges.
Varieties of rejected marigolds, popular in Russia:
Marigold Lemon jam photo
Lemon jam - low, well-branched bushes with bright yellow, lemon flowers.
Marigolds rejected variety Carmen photo
Carmen , a low-growing variety up to 20 cm, bushes well. The flower buds are small, up to three to four centimeters, with a yellow core that smoothly transitions to a dark red color along the outer petals.
Marigolds rejected variety Queen Sofia photo
Queen Sofia . A distinctive feature is the dark red petals, the edges shimmer with a bronze color, the shape of the extract is slightly terry, they are distinguished by red petals, which have a faint shade of bronze at the edges. The shape is one row of petals, the inflorescences are slightly double.
Tagetes tenuifolia
Thin-leaved tagetes Tagetes tenuifolia photo names of varieties with descriptions
This is a less common variety of marigold, but its difference from the others is so great that it seems that this flower is a completely different species. The difference is that the trunk is very branched, and the baskets can be of different colors. Additional attractiveness is created by the leaves, which are carved, long, narrow leaves in rosettes of which small multi-colored flowers are beautifully attached. The height of the trunk reaches 30 - 40 cm. The flower itself is small and shaped like a chamomile; there are many of them on the bushy trunk, which creates a bouquet of unique beauty. Petal colors can range from bright yellow to red or purple.
Varieties of thin-leaved marigolds:
Marigold red devil photo
Red Devil is a profusely flowering variety with large blood-red flowers and rich green leaves. The stunning contrast is truly mesmerizing both in single plantings and in combination with flowers of white, yellow, and blue shades.
Marigold red gem photo
Red gem - A medium-sized (up to 30 cm) plant with reddish petals framing a bright yellow center. They bloom until autumn frosts. Bushes well, is not demanding in Care.
Marigold variety Gnome photo
Dwarf . The name itself indicates the low growth of the plant (up to 20 cm), the main trunk has many branches, resulting in a highly branched bush with numerous bright yellow flowers and a red core.
In order for marigolds to grow well, it is necessary to follow certain agricultural practices when planting and caring for flowers.
Small-flowered marigold Tagetes patula
Tagetes patula 'Bonanza Harmony' photo
The name speaks for itself; these are low plants up to 30 cm tall with a scattering of small basket-shaped flowers on long peduncles. They delight with beautiful flowers from July to the end of August.
Botanical description and history
Marigolds are a bush of erect, branched stems, 20 - 120 cm high. The leaves are from light green to dark green, pinnately dissected, less often serrated with translucent glands. The placement of leaves on the stem is opposite or alternate.
The inflorescences are ordinary or terry baskets of yellow, brown or orange color with a pungent odor reminiscent of asters. Flowering time is from early summer until frost appears. The root system is fibrous.
There are annual and perennial species. They spread throughout Europe further after they were brought from America by Spanish conquistadors in the 16th century. You can read about all types of this plant here.
Annual or not?
The choice between annual and perennial depends on the purpose for which marigolds will be planted. Perennials are suitable for long-term cultivation in one place, with an increase in the area that the plants will occupy by self-seeding. In addition, every year the marigold bushes become stronger and produce larger and more magnificent flowers.
Annual plants require annual planting, but this creates more room for changes in landscape design. They can be planted not only in flower beds, but also in flowerpots, flower pots, and moved with pots wherever a sense of aesthetic balance requires. Is it possible to grow this beautiful flower at home in pots? We wrote in this article.
In addition, their new varieties appear much more often than perennial varieties. Even by simply collecting seeds of flowers of different varieties pollinated with each other, you can get your own new hybrid. You will learn how to collect marigold seeds in this material.
How and when to plant marigold seedlings
When is the best time to plant Tagetes seedlings? The optimal timing of the procedure occurs when the seedlings grow 2 well-formed true leaves .
By the way! If you initially sowed the seeds in an individual large glass or cassettes (about 0.5 liters in volume), then there is no need to replant the plants.
soil can be used as for sowing seeds. You can replant into bulky plastic cassettes or cups (preferably 0.5 liters in volume) or a wide and deep common box . Containers must have drainage holes!
You can plant marigold seedlings at home according to the following scheme:
- Water the seedlings 1-2 hours before the procedure.
- Fill the container with soil and level the surface.
- Lightly moisten the soil with a spray bottle.
- Carefully pick up the seedlings using a spoon, stick or other convenient tool; there is no need to destroy the clod of earth.
- Direct picking methods: in a common box - make deep grooves at a distance of 3 cm from each other. Then transfer one seedling at a time to the recess of the row, the gap between the plants is 3-5 centimeters (or better, 7 cm). Plants are buried down to the cotyledon leaves.
- When picking into individual cups or cassettes, you need to make a depression in the center of the container, and then simply transplant the plant there (also up to the cotyledon leaves).
It is important not only to carry out tagetes picking according to all the rules, but also to provide suitable care after the procedure. In the first 2 days, when the marigolds take root and adapt to the new place, it is recommended to shade them from direct sunlight, just imagine diffused light.
After about 2 weeks (after complete adaptation), you can feed the marigold seedlings. When watering, you should apply a mineral complex fertilizer for seedlings.
Cunning! For some time after picking, you can water the Tagetes seedlings through a tray. Such watering will stimulate the development of the root system. Just place the container with Chernobrivtsi on a tray with clean water at room temperature. When the soil becomes damp, remove from the tray.
