Is it possible to graft an apple tree onto a rowan tree: why and how to do it correctly

Subsidiary farm

* Apricot - the main rootstocks are apricot seedlings, less often cherry plums.
You can use seedlings of sloe and sand cherry. Seedlings from the seeds of local forms of ungrafted apricots, the so-called zherdels, are more winter-hardy than those grown from seeds of cultivated varieties. It is better to use cherry plum as a rootstock in cases where you are going to grow apricot on moist loamy soils. Under these conditions, his trees grow and bear fruit better on cherry plum rootstocks rather than on poles. Common quince - seedlings of varieties and forms of common quince, the most winter-hardy in the area, are used as rootstocks.

Japanese quince (chaenomeles) - the best forms of chaenomeles are grafted onto the rootstocks of common quince, pear, serviceberry, and hawthorn.

Chokeberry (aronia) - sometimes it is grafted onto the common rowan, forming plants with a stem height of 80-100 cm. The resulting trees are very decorative, begin to bear fruit earlier and are very productive.

Selected forms of hawthorn are grafted onto seedlings of winter-hardy plant species of this species, such as blood-red, softish, etc.

Black elderberry - its selected forms or varieties are also grafted onto seedlings of local, most winter-hardy forms of black elderberry.

Common cherry - the rootstocks for its varieties are seedlings of local sour cherry varieties Vladimirskaya. Lyubskaya, wild cherry, as well as the currently existing bedbugs - vegetatively propagated rootstocks of type VP-1, etc.

Felt cherry - it can be grafted onto Ussuri plum, sloe, cherry plum, and apricot. Grafting on common cherry, steppe cherry and sweet cherry fails due to their incompatibility.

Pear - seedlings of local forms of forest pear are used as rootstocks, as well as varieties such as Tonkovetka, Limonka, Aleksandrovka, Vishnevka, which have good winter hardiness and compatibility with other more valuable varieties. To obtain low-growing trees, you can use the medium-growing clonal rootstock quince A and quince C. Practice shows that plants of other species are also suitable as low-growing rootstocks for pears, such as serviceberry or round-leaved serviceberry, chokeberry, brilliant cotoneaster, Japanese quince, and rowan. and others. However, growing pears on these rootstocks is problematic in most cases due to the poor fusion of many cultivated pear varieties with them and the fragility of grafted trees.

Selected forms and large-fruited species of serviceberry are grafted onto serviceberry round-leaved, spike-leaved or hawthorn.

Viburnum - cuttings and eyes of varietal viburnum can be grafted into the crown of common viburnum seedlings.

Dogwood - seedlings of cultivated varieties or wild dogwood are used as rootstocks.

Gooseberries can be grafted onto seedlings, root shoots or 1-2 year old golden currant seedlings and grown in a standard culture. Gooseberry varieties grafted onto golden currants are characterized by increased drought resistance, vigor and productivity.

Cuttings of varietal sea buckthorn can be grafted onto 1-2 year old seedlings of this crop or into the crown of wild plants. In the event of the death of a varietal female or male plant and in order to save land area, cuttings of the female specimen can be grafted into the crown of the male one and vice versa.

Walnut - varieties and the most valuable selected forms are propagated by grafting. Seedlings of walnut, less often black walnut, are used as a rootstock; Manchurian walnut is also suitable.

Garden rowan - varietal rowan is grafted onto seedlings or into the crown of rowan.

Plum - for this crop, seedlings of local forms of cherry plum, less often local red plum, are most often used as rootstocks. You can use damson seedlings for this purpose, and sometimes seedlings of large-fruited forms of sloe are also used. The opinion about sloe as a weak-growing rootstock for plums is not confirmed by practice. The most suitable for this purpose are felt cherry seedlings, which are compatible with many varieties of plums.

Bird cherry - the best forms of bird cherry, Virginia bird cherry and their interspecific hybrids are propagated by grafting, using bird cherry seedlings as a rootstock.

Cherry - seedlings of local forms of wild cherries, antipka, local sour cherries and varieties Vladimirskaya, Lyubskaya, Griot Ostgeimsky are used as rootstocks for varietal cherries.

The best forms of mulberry are grafted onto seedlings of white mulberry as the most winter-hardy compared to black mulberry.

Varietal rose hips are grafted onto seedlings of dog rose or another species.

Apple tree - as rootstocks for cultivated varieties, seedlings of local forms of forest apple, Antonovka, Anis (vigorous) or vegetatively propagated clonal rootstocks, such as A2, MM 106, 5-25-3, 54-118, M9, 62-396 and etc.

How to grow hawthorn from seeds

Propagating hawthorn by seeds is painstaking work and requires a lot of time and patience. A shrub grown from seeds will not inherit the beauty of the mother plant, therefore it is not recommended to propagate valuable varieties using this method.

Growing hawthorn from seeds at home

It is difficult to propagate hawthorn at home, and this method is not suitable for young gardeners. Before planting, it is necessary to prepare the seed, container and soil. After the first shoots appear, the plant needs proper care.

Stratification of hawthorn seeds

To obtain uniform shoots when propagating hawthorn by seeds, the seed must undergo stratification. Without preliminary preparation, the seeds will not sprout.

For propagation, unripe, large, healthy fruits are selected. The shell is cut and the pulp and seeds are removed, which must undergo stratification. For this:

1. Planting material along with the pulp is soaked in warm water.
2. After a day, carefully remove from the water and rub through a sieve.
3. The separated grains are soaked in 1% potassium nitrate for a day.
4. The prepared material is wrapped in canvas and stored in a cellar or refrigerator for the whole winter. You can use another method: the seeds are mixed with river sand, placed in a container, spilled and put in a cool room.

Preparing soil and containers

After the preparatory work, the seeds are planted in a wide, deep pot. A 15 cm layer of drainage and nutrient soil are placed at the bottom. To prepare the soil for planting, you need to mix peat, coarse sand, humus and leaf soil. Before sowing the seeds, water the soil with boiling water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

How to plant hawthorn seeds

Since the germination rate of hawthorn seeds is low, they are sown quite densely and shallowly. After planting, they are sprinkled with soil, watered and a microgreenhouse is installed. After germination, the shelter is removed and the container is moved to a warm, sunny place.

Growing hawthorn from seeds

Caring for hawthorn seedlings is simple. It consists of regular watering with warm water at the root. After irrigation, carefully loosen the soil. Twice a year, fertilize with organic fertilizers. Hawthorn is a slow-growing plant, the annual growth is 15–20 cm. After the plant reaches 30 cm and develops a strong root system, it can be safely transferred to an open area.

How to plant hawthorn seeds in open ground in the fall

In order for planting hawthorn seeds to give a positive result, they take prepared seed from last year. In this case, germination can occur only after a year and a half.

Seeds are sown in a sunny place, avoiding damp and wet places. The earth is dug up, humus and rotted manure are added. Make shallow furrows, lay the planting material to a depth of 1–1.5 cm and cover it with soil, water it abundantly, and cover the bed with pine needles or dry leaves.

Main advantages

Experienced gardeners know that tree grafting has a number of advantages:

• preservation of varietal qualities;
• grafted cuttings yield earlier;
• saving space in the garden;
• winter hardiness and disease resistance increases.

Gardeners choose red forest rowan for rootstock, because it is low-growing and has high resistance to cold weather.

The tree grows well in any soil and transfers its maternal characteristics to the scions.

Chokeberry grafting

Chokeberry (chokeberry) grafting is done in order to have a beautiful, neat tree with healthy berries instead of a large spreading bush. After grafting, a standard tree about 1 m high is obtained. Among the advantages are the following:

• grafted plants look beautiful both in single plantings and in group plantings;
• Fruiting begins 1–2 years after grafting;
• productivity increases.
• For chokeberry grafting, budding is used. This is one way to grow a grafted seedling.

How does hawthorn reproduce?

In order for hawthorn to develop well in the garden, you need to know the rules of care, planting and propagation. Hawthorn can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, offsets, grafting and root cuttings and growths:

1. Cuttings. For this propagation method, young green shoots are cut at an acute angle, 10–15 cm long. The lower foliage is removed, the upper foliage is shortened by half the length. The prepared planting material is planted in soil made from sand and peat. In order for rapid root formation to occur, the cuttings are treated in “Kornevin” or “Epin” and create air humidity of at least 80%. The method has disadvantages: poor rooting, low survival rate.
2. Root growths. Since the plant is a bush, root branches are formed every year. In autumn or late summer, the offspring is carefully disconnected from the mother bush and transplanted to a prepared place.
3. Withdrawal. To obtain a new plant, 1–2-year-old shoots are placed in a prepared trench so that the upper part rises above the surface of the ground. The outlet is covered with earth, the soil is spilled and mulched. At the end of summer, the shoot will take root and be ready for replanting.
4. Root cuttings. Planting material is stocked in the fall. For this method, lignified roots 10–15 cm long are used. In spring, the rhizome is divided in half and planted in the ground at an acute angle, leaving 1 cm above the surface. Germination occurs only at air humidity of at least 80%.
5. Seeds. The seeds are covered with a thick shell and the probability of germination is very low.

Before sowing, for better germination, you need to listen to the following advice:

• use unripe fruits;
• carry out stratification;
• treat the seeds with sodium nitrate;
• Before sowing, soak for 5 days in warm water.

Propagating hawthorn by seeds and cuttings is a difficult process that can bring negative results instead of the expected ones.

Optimal timing

The entire grafting process can be divided into two parts:

Preparatory work begins in early spring, gardeners prepare cuttings. It is easy to determine the degree of readiness of the branches for grafting: if the buds begin to swell, you can cut the cuttings. Planting material is stored in the refrigerator or basement.

Replanting of cuttings is carried out when buds begin to bloom on the mother tree. An important condition for survival is the difference between the scion and the rootstock of 2 weeks or more. In an adult tree, active vegetative processes should begin, and the scion should sleep.

If it was not possible to get vaccinated in the spring, then you can shift the timing until the fall. Cuttings are planted on rowan branches at the end of August, beginning of September.

How to choose scion and rootstock

To understand what requirements must be presented to these parts of the plant, you need to start with the designations. The scion is the part of the plant that will be grafted. It could be a peephole, a stalk, a bud.

The scion , on the contrary, is that part of the plant whose root system will be used. Accordingly, grafting is the connection of these parts by transferring the scion to the rootstock. And there are a number of rules that need to be taken into account for the manipulation to be successful.

Scion and rootstock.

How to choose a scion

Depending on what goals the gardener wants to achieve, requirements are placed on the scion. It can serve as:

• bud;
• peephole;
• cuttings

There are several requirements for them that must be met: they must be healthy and taken from a healthy tree.

How to choose a rootstock

To put it simply, the rootstock is the basis, the root system of the future plant. Therefore, its choice must be approached as carefully as possible.

1. To reduce growth, semi-dwarf and dwarf rootstocks are chosen.
2. Wild ones or those with strong roots can impart frost resistance.
3. For planting in areas with close groundwater, compact rootstocks with shallow roots are used.

Healthy, fused grafting site.

Rules of care

In order for the grafted cuttings to develop well and quickly take root, you need to follow these recommendations:

1. Shoots below the graft must be removed throughout the summer, because they take away the elements necessary for the growing scion.
2. As the cuttings grow and thicken, the strapping on them is loosened to avoid fracture.
3. If the grafted seedling is actively growing, the top must be pinched.
4. If 2 cuttings grow side by side on one branch, then only the stronger one is left and the weak one is removed.
5. If cracks in the bark appear at the cut site on the overgrafted tree, they need to be covered with garden varnish or another compound to prevent infection.

How to grow hawthorn from cuttings

Propagating hawthorn by cuttings is a difficult and painstaking task. They take a long time to take root and are reluctant, therefore, when choosing the method of propagating hawthorn by cuttings, you need to take into account that the planting material takes 1.5–2 years to take root and it is not a fact that the plant will begin to grow and develop.

Is it possible to take hawthorn cuttings?

Cuttings are cut before the leaves bloom. If rooting is carried out under a film cover, the shoots can be cut in late autumn, after leaf fall.

Propagation of hawthorn by cuttings in autumn

For cuttings, one-year-old, green shoots, no more than 1 cm thick, are selected. Side shoots growing on the south side are ideal for this. The selected shoot is divided into cuttings of 10–15 cm.

Advice! It is better not to take the apical part, since its survival rate is very low.

Freshly cut planting material is kept for about an hour in a root formation stimulator and planted in a large pot with nutritious soil. The soil can be purchased at the store, or you can prepare it yourself. To do this, mix equal parts of river sand, peat and chalk.

The soil is watered with the rooting agent in which the cuttings were located, and the cut shoots are placed. To create the temperature and humidity conditions necessary for germination, the pot is covered with a plastic or glass bottle.

The appearance of the first leaves is a sign of rooting. After this, the shelter is removed for 10–15 minutes, increasing the time spent in the open air daily. Caring for seedlings consists of watering and fertilizing. During the growing season, young seedlings are fed with nitrogenous fertilizers. Watering is carried out abundantly, but infrequently after the top layer of soil has completely dried.

Next year, the strengthened, rooted bush can be planted in the chosen location.

Propagation of hawthorn by cuttings in spring

In spring, planting material is cut until the sap flows. The technology for cutting and preparing for planting is the same as when planting cuttings in the fall at home.

Planting material is planted in a checkerboard pattern, maintaining an interval of half a meter between rows, and 20 cm between plants. For rooting, an air humidity of at least 80% is required.

To maintain temperature and humidity conditions, special fog-forming installations are made. For this:

1. Dig a ditch half a meter deep, fill ½ with compost or humus, add a layer of sand on top and plant planting material.
2. The trenches are compacted tightly on both sides, and glass in a wooden frame is installed on top (you can use old window glass).
3. To ensure that the frame fits tightly, boards are laid around the perimeter of the pit.
4. The inside of the glass is lined with light, moisture-absorbing fabric.
5. On a sunny day, when the moisture absorbed into the fabric evaporates, fog will be created, thanks to which the temperature and humidity conditions will be maintained.

If, after propagating the hawthorn, the cuttings overwintered well, this is the key to success. In the spring, during the growing season, the young plant begins to be intensively fed with nitrogenous fertilizers after abundant watering.

The next year, the propagated plants are planted in a permanent place with an interval of at least 2 m. But for better growth and development, experienced gardeners advise replanting 4 years after rooting.

Gardeners began to practice rooting hawthorn in potatoes:

1. Prepare the chopped shoots.
2. All eyes are removed from potatoes.
3. After this, the cuttings are inserted into the root crop and buried in the ground.
4. The earth is watered and mulched. Cover the top with a glass or plastic jar.

Grafting of fruit crops

Not only chokeberry, but also some varieties of fruit trees can be grafted onto ordinary rowan. With this interaction, varietal fruits grow on a compact, low tree. The following are often grafted onto rowan:

Grafting does not affect the taste of the fruit or the preservation of varietal qualities. When planting fruit trees on the rootstock, there is a risk of late rejection or fracture of the fruit branch.

Apple tree on rowan

The compatibility of apple and rowan trees is not very high, but gardeners are trying to plant new varieties. Select small-fruited varieties; the plum-leaved apple tree (Chinese or Paradise apple tree) is ideal. Its apples are small, weighing about 100 grams, and they do not weigh down the branches of the rootstock.

Pear on rowan tree

Many gardeners graft pear onto rowan. Survival rate depends on the selected variety. There are varieties that are incompatible with the mother plant, and there is no point in such a procedure. Among the tested pears for scioning, choose:

There are cases when, after 5–6 years of good growth and fruiting, the mountain ash rejected the pear or could not withstand the load.

Among the disadvantages is that the pear quickly grows wood, and the weak rootstock cannot keep up with it. The scion breaks off.

Hawthorn on rowan

Hawthorn takes root well on mountain ash. This vaccination is done for two main reasons:

• Saving space in the garden.
• Obtaining a low-growing tree.

Hawthorn is a vigorous tree and requires regular pruning, so it is often grafted.

This tree is often used as a rootstock for pears, apple trees, dogwoods, and chokeberries.

Rules for grafting fruit trees: you are your own breeder - instructions from “Green Bed”

The ability to graft fruit trees is considered to be aerobatics, however, thanks to the recommendations of experts from the Tatarstan Green Bed Club, you will be able to quickly master this art

First of all, it is worth answering the question: why are fruit trees grafted and what does it give?

Grafting of fruit trees is carried out with the aim of creating essentially a new variety. If you want to grow a new variety you like in your garden, but there is no space for it, but there are trees with low yields, then you can safely start grafting. This procedure allows you to preserve and improve the positive properties of the mother plant.

Benefits of garden grafting

· Preservation of the beneficial qualities of a fruit variety, in contrast to growing a variety from seeds;

· Time saving. A grafted cutting produces fruit 2 times faster than one grown independently;

· Improving the frost resistance of the grafted whimsical variety due to the undemanding rootstock;

· Space saving. It is possible to graft 2 or 3 varieties simultaneously onto one rootstock;

· Renewing an old and non-bearing garden is several times faster and easier than planting new varieties.

What is scion and rootstock – how to figure it out?

A scion is a tree cutting or one bud that will be grafted onto the selected tree.

And the grafted plant is the rootstock, thanks to which the new variety will receive nutrition and be able to survive in unfavorable conditions.

The yield and varietal qualities of the fruit tree will depend on the scion. Cuttings for grafting are prepared in the fall after the first frost. Branches 20-30 cm long are cut from the current year's growth, taken from the south side of the tree.

To keep the bud in a dormant state, the scion is placed in a cool place (refrigerator, cellar).

Snowdrifts are considered an ideal place for storing cuttings, where they are placed in closed cardboard boxes, wooden boxes and plastic bags.

In rare cases, you can prepare cuttings in the spring before the buds wake up.

What trees are grafted

As a basis for grafting, a crop is chosen that is distinguished by its resistance and longevity. It determines whether the renewed tree will receive enough moisture and nutrition and will be able to withstand frost and sunburn. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of the rootstock with the grafted cuttings.

For example, you can combine shadberry and hawthorn with an apple tree. But you need to check the compatibility of specific varieties.

Reader question. “Is it possible to graft old trees or only young ones?”

The answer from "Green Bed"

It is better to choose trees with a healthy trunk for grafting, preferably not very old ones. When regrafting young trees, it is necessary to wait until they begin to bear fruit in order to find out the period of fruit ripening.

Grafting tools

The main tool for successful grafting is a knife. The appropriate shape and sharp blade of the grafting knife make it easy to make the desired cut. You cannot use a kitchen knife, as its blade is not sharp and strong enough, because the slightest bend of the knife during the cut spoils the quality of the graft cut.

To prepare rootstocks and cuttings you will need garden shears. To trim thick branches, use a lopper.

To sharpen knives and garden shears, you need a sharpening stone with a fine-grained side.

The grafts are tied with a special material - elastic grafting strips of different sizes; raffia sponge and polyethylene tape are also used. The sections are lubricated with cold or warm-liquid wood putty.

To prevent the transfer of diseases to other plants, tools are always disinfected after each grafting. To do this, use purified alcohol and treat the blades with fire.

How to graft an apple tree and with what?

Depending on the climate zone, an apple tree can be grafted all year round.

Spring grafting is carried out early in the spring (March-April), after the cessation of frost; summer - in early August, when the second sap flow of fruit crops begins; autumn - in early September and winter - carried out indoors, it is called tabletop grafting.

There are a large number of ways to graft an apple tree. The most proven ones, which show the best results: – budding (kidney grafting); – grafting into cleft; – copulation.

In addition, other, less common methods of grafting fruit trees can be used:

– half-split;

- for the bark;

– into the side cut;

– a bridge (for trees with damaged bark);

– ablation (grafting by proximity).

Apple tree budding

Budding is a method of grafting young fruit trees with an “eye” (bud). Depending on whether you are grafting an apple tree with a “dormant” or a germinating bud, grafting using this method can be done in spring or autumn.

Procedure:

· Cut a bud with a small base from the cutting.

· Make a T-shaped cut in the area of ​​the internode on the rootstock.

· Bend the edges of the bark and carefully push the base of the prepared bud behind it.

· Coat the grafting area around the kidney with varnish.

· Secure the finished result with electrical tape.

The technique is suitable for warm spring weather - the air temperature should not fall below 10 degrees.

Grafting an apple tree into a cleft

This grafting method is suitable for regrafting rootstocks whose trunk or skeletal branch is about 2-5 cm in diameter (usually trees 3-6 years old).

It is best to graft apple trees into clefts in early spring, from March to April (depending on the climate), when the frosts have subsided, or from July to August, during the second sap flow. In warmer latitudes, this grafting method can also be used in the fall, from September to early October.

During grafting, a split is made into a cleft on the trunk or skeletal branch of the scion and a rootstock cutting is inserted into the resulting gap.

Apple tree copulation

This grafting method is used if the scion and rootstock are of the same thickness. Copulation is most often used for grafting 1-2 year old apple trees. The diameter of the trunk (or skeletal branch) and cuttings should be 2.5-5 cm.

This grafting can be used in spring, summer, and also in winter for desktop grafting of seedlings.

The essence of copulation is to combine the scion and rootstock into one branch. The success of this grafting method depends on whether the cambium layers of the two branches coincide when connected. Since it is quite difficult to perfectly connect the cambial layers, gardeners use the improved copulation method.

If, with simple copulation, oblique cuts are made on the scion and rootstock, then with improved copulation, longitudinal cuts about 1 cm deep (the so-called “tongues”) are made on them. The scion and rootstock are connected to each other so that the “tongues” catch on each other.

How to graft a cherry tree

To get a varietal cherry, it can be grafted onto a specially grown rootstock or onto a 1-2 year old healthy tree with a stem 5-7 cm in diameter that already lives in your garden. Of course, cherry is best suited for this role, since the rootstock and scion are taken from plants of the same species.

Cherries can also be grafted onto:

· plum (this tree “accepts” cuttings or buds of many stone fruit crops well);

· cherry (it is the closest relative of the cherry tree, so this grafting also takes root well);

· cherry plum (this crop is very frost-resistant, which is why cherry plum is often chosen as a rootstock for many stone fruit trees, but cherries and sweet cherries take root on it rather poorly);

· sloe (this plant is also called prickly plum, and sloe and plum are relatives, so its prickly “brother” can also become a rootstock for cherries);

· bird cherry (it is very unpretentious, so it grows quickly in any area without special care, however, some varieties of cherries are successfully grafted only onto a certain type - antipka, since it is most close to cherries).

It is best to plant cherries in the spring during active sap flow. Then even beginners will not have any difficulties with the grafting.

If you missed this point, you can try summer vaccination.

There is a high probability that the scion will grow well with the rootstock, but this matter should not be delayed until the end of summer, since after the end of sap flow in stone fruits, the wood becomes fibrous, and the cambial layers of the plants do not come into close contact with each other. And without this, vaccination is impossible.

How to graft a pear

The above methods of grafting pome-bearing species are also suitable for stone fruit crops.

You can graft pears onto chokeberry or red rowan. The result is a compact crop that is easy to harvest. When grafting according to this scheme, leave at least a quarter of rowan shoots on the tree, since the crop will not have enough nutrients for active fruiting.

Wild or wild. When grafting onto wild animals, you can get a full-fledged tree with good characteristics in the shortest possible time. The main thing is not to forget about the timing of fruit ripening - ideally, they should be the same for the scion and rootstock. Semi-cultivated pear varieties are considered an ideal rootstock for pear scion.

What related crops can be grafted onto an apple tree and other trees?

The ideal rootstock for apple tree cuttings can be considered seedlings of cultivated apple tree varieties or mature trees. Grafting of seedlings can be done on young “wild” ones that you dug up in the forest or grew from seeds.

What else can you graft an apple tree on? There are several alternative rootstock options:

- Rowan;

– chokeberry (chokeberry);

– hawthorn;

– viburnum;

- pear.

When grafting an apple tree onto “non-native” rootstocks, it is worth considering some nuances:

· such grafting is not very durable compared to the classic grafting of apple tree onto apple tree;

· the apple tree takes root worse on chokeberry than on red rowan (ordinary);

· rowan rootstock gives the apple tree winter hardiness, however, due to this relationship, the fruits may become smaller. The same problem also applies to apple trees grafted onto hawthorn, viburnum and quince;

· The pear tree takes root well on an apple tree rootstock, but it itself “accepts” apple tree scions less well. Therefore, such a grafting should also be considered as a horticultural experiment.

· Despite all the “buts,” grafting apple trees onto alternative rootstocks is often used by gardeners. Especially when there is a choice: cut down an unnecessary rowan tree or try to graft a valuable apple tree variety onto it.

How to care for a grafted tree and when to expect results

The grafts begin to grow after 3 weeks, noticeably growing with emerging shoots from the buds located below. Unnecessary branches are formed from a long remnant of an overgrafted shoot, which must be removed from the very base. They take away nutrition, inhibit the development of grafts and block light with their foliage.

Such branches can even appear from dormant buds during the entire summer season, so they should be broken out systematically before they become lignified.

In case of drying out and inhibition of development of established cuttings due to an oversight, you need to leave a couple of shoots under the grafting to restore the branch by subsequent regrafting.

The increased growth of grafted cuttings in length and diameter can cause a fracture at the site of the strapping; it must be loosened in a timely manner to prevent constriction. Some gardeners recommend removing the tying in July, but this action carries a risk due to the fragile fusion of the parts, especially with the method of re-grafting the bark and long shoots with large leaves.

If the constriction has already begun, then it is necessary to make a longitudinal cut of the bark with a knife to the wood (along the entire length on several sides) and re-tie the grafting area. After callus grows at the incision and thickening sites, the bandage is changed or loosened.

Cherry and some varietal apple trees develop intensively, forming a voluminous mass of leaves, which increase the likelihood of breakage from the wind. Since the end of summer, the top part of such wildly growing grafts has been pinched to restrain growth functions.

What mistakes should be avoided and where to find material for grafting

1. Sometimes cuttings are cut immediately before grafting (for example, from a neighbor). It is believed that a fresh cutting will take root better. Yes, the vaccine can take root.

But often it dries out, although everything was done correctly from the technical side. Why? For grafting, cuttings are taken in a dormant state. In the spring, when the sun warms up, the branches begin to grow early and their buds swell.

If you cut a cutting at this time, it begins to grow before it has even had time to take root.

As a result, the buds will draw the juices out of the cutting and it will dry out. You can keep cuttings in a dormant state only if you keep them in the cold until grafting. Therefore, it is not advisable to graft with fresh cuttings; the failure rate of such graftings is quite high.

2. Grafting not at the base of the branch, but at the end of it, cutting off only 20 cm from the edge (it’s just a pity to cut off a large shoot).

As a result, the growth vigor of the grafted cutting will be much lower than if it were grafted into the base of the branch.

On a tree that is more than 7 years old, there may be several such grafts, and they can be grafted further from the trunk, into a second-order branch on the skeletal branches.

3. A common mistake is that after grafting the tree is “forgotten”: it is not watered or fed. Vaccination is a surgical operation. The plant needs to be given more attention, just like a person after surgery. For better fusion of the scion and rootstock, ensure regular watering. Precipitation is often insufficient. After a couple of weeks, subcortical patches are needed.

4. Another mistake is removing the harness too late. If the tying was not a self-destructive tape, but an ordinary film, then the tying should be loosened when the graft takes root and begins to grow. Otherwise, constriction may occur, which in the future will greatly slow down the development of the grafted cuttings.

Currently, there are online stores and gardening societies where you can find and buy cuttings (scion) of many fruit trees.

Rules for caring for an apple tree can be read here.

(The material was prepared by experts of the Tatarstan Green Bed Club).

Source: https://www.AgroXXI.ru/zhurnal-agromir-xxi/stati-rastenievodstvo/pravila-privivki-plodovyh-derevev-sam-sebe-selekcioner-instruktazh-ot-zelenoi-grjadki.html

What can be grafted onto a rowan tree?

Rowan as a rootstock?

Dear forum users! I already asked this question, but decided to open a new topic because... I didn’t receive a specific answer. What can be grafted onto a rowan tree if the standard is a 5-year-old tree? The tree itself is about 1.6-1.8m.

Maybe some weeping forms, or umbrella-shaped, or spherical, only so that in the future the growth does not exceed this height or even be lower? Recommend something specific or send it to the address, just so I can decide: should I dig up rowan trees in front of the fence or can I leave them and they won’t they block the view from above? And where can I get it?

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If they didn’t answer once, they may not answer a second time. I just cut these rowan trees and they look great. But if you are a master of vaccinations, then.

Chokeberry (Chokeberry) can be grafted onto common mountain ash.

Fenia, I agree with Slo, did just that a couple of years ago. It takes root without problems. I just made not just one graft, but several to different branches, in order to quickly get a decorative effect. The chokeberry hangs in the fall under the weight of berries, and in the spring it is a flowering ball. I exercise, I try to stay in shape. I left a few sprigs of rowan (grafted onto the “dessert” rowan variety), I hope that when it bears fruit it will be interesting, but if not, I’ll cut it out. My standard is below 1m. The rowan tree has been sitting for a long time (it’s been like yours for 5-6 years) and for some reason it’s not growing. And I decided to re-instill him, or rather, to vaccinate him.

Fenia, and in general, among the decorative rowan trees, they also graft brilliant cotoneaster (they make a standard), but this community seemed to me to be short-lived and not very interesting.

fenia, in the fillyjonka's photo album there is a photograph of serviceberry grafted onto a rowan tree. I apologize to the fillyjonk for the uninvited intrusion.

You can also graft the weeping form of mountain ash (if you find a cutting).

Since cotoneaster can be grafted onto rowan, its species K. multiflorus with abundant everlasting flowering and abundant bright red berries can create a very beautiful composition. You can also graft a pear onto a rowan tree.

Von, beautiful! I saw this beauty, but out of ignorance I thought it was a bonsai, i.e. They were specially twisted like that. Is it really a long wait? Or do the branches immediately bend like that? That’s how ignorant I am. I saw one of the web gardeners in an album of mountain ash in the garden, such small spreading ones, very beautiful, but they are not weeping in shape (or I’m mistaken). But weeping ones would be very cool! Those that grow near my net were once brought from the forest by someone, but they bloom little and only grow upward.

These rowan trees are grafted with a special weeping variety. They are many years old, but the young ones are also very decorative. Grafted chokeberries onto ruffed chokeberries are very attractive. standard After just a couple of years, there will be a wonderful weeping and fruit-bearing tree of very compact size.

I saw a pear grafted onto a rowan tree. But Von has already answered.

No, only decorative, no fruits or sweet berries! Otherwise, what will remain are the legs and horns from such a hybrid.

And multiflorus berries are not sweet :)))

Von, I don’t have cotoneaster multiflorus, but I do have thickets of chokeberry. I won’t ask about the timing and methods of grafting, I’ll look for information first. I have zero experience, but I have the desire. I think it’s never too late to start this business.

That's for sure! Go for it, especially since grafting into clefts, and similar ones for rowan, are not difficult. Just practice first on branches from the “street” :)))

Several times I tried to graft a weeping rowan into a split and behind the bark onto a rowan tree - it never worked, but on a wild pear the grafting of a rowan (weeping rowan, into a split) was a success the first time and is already in its fourth winter. Apparently, there are some subtleties with the rowan rootstock.

SOTA, by the way, weeping on ordinary rowan also didn’t work out for me. But I attributed this to the frailty of the rootstock (it was planted only in the fall) or I thought maybe dried cuttings. One is still growing, it’s been 4 years now, but it’s very bad, it looks comatose. Every year I expect that she will give up. But the chokeberry has taken root and is very cheerful and beautiful. True, the rootstock, although it was not actively growing, had been sitting in this place for a long time.

I grafted Japanese quince onto rowan last spring. It has taken root, but the growth is minimal. But the dream of standard rowan has not yet passed. I haven’t seen it on sale for less than 1.5 thousand. I have 2 acacia trees, they are not very expensive, about 450 each. Now, if only there were rowan berries for such a price. So all that remains is to vaccinate. Von, could you tell me where these rowan trees are at VDNKh? What about weeping birches? Has anyone tried to vaccinate?

roseland, I bought a weeping birch on a birch tree last year in Sadko. It's hibernating for the first winter, but I hope there won't be any problems. I don’t remember the price, but something around 400-500 rubles. Look at their price list, maybe. they will also have weeping rowan trees. They used to be. Their prices are still the same. Surely they will be at the exhibition from 15. And I cut cuttings of weeping rowan at the VC in the area of ​​peahens. Floriculture, but closer to the greenhouses, there is a large field (I don’t remember what) and these rowan trees grow on the edge. Usually by spring the branches are badly broken. Such rowan trees also grew on Komsomolsky near the Russian Flax store, but that was a long time ago. I don’t know what’s there now. And at the Exhibition Center I saw rowan trees and a very beautiful weeping willow this year too. I admire them every time.

Tkachenok, thanks for the info. From April 15? If it’s 500, I’ll buy a birch tree. My neighbor's has been growing it for several years without much care, and it's red-leaved to boot. But you should try to vaccinate anyway!

roseland, exhibition from March 15 to 20. Already this week. "Sadko" always participates in all spring exhibitions. You can get a price list from them. And they are based in Tarasovka, on the opposite side of the market. The full-leaved birch is even more interesting!

What can hawthorn be grafted onto?

Hawthorn can be grafted onto red rowan and onto old, non-fruitful hawthorn bushes. The best rootstock for hawthorn is considered to be red rowan. Reproduction in this way makes it possible to obtain a standard tree, on which, as practice shows, the taste and medicinal qualities of the fruit do not change.

When grafted onto an old bush, the bush is rejuvenated and fruiting resumes.

Closely related plants can be grafted onto an apple tree. That is, an apple tree with an apple tree or an apple tree with a pear can be propagated by grafting.

The main condition for any grafting is that only stone fruits take root on stone-type specimens, and pome-shaped specimens take root on pome-bearing specimens.

When interspecific trees propagate, the plant will be short-lived, with a small and poor-quality harvest.

You cannot graft a hawthorn onto a pear; you can graft certain varieties of pear onto a hawthorn. When doing experimental grafting, it is necessary to remember that when propagated in this way, fruiting occurs in 2–3 years. Therefore, when grafting specimens of different breeds, you can lose a lot of time and not get the expected result.

Hawthorn can be propagated by grafting after the snow melts, before the buds open, or immediately after the leaves fall. For the scion, take 2 summer plants with a root collar diameter of 1 cm. The grafting is carried out at a height of 1 m, and the side shoots are not removed.

The key to good survival depends on cuttings. They should be:

• cut from the south side of the tree;
• prepared in the fall and overwintered in the cellar or refrigerator;
• they should have from 4 to 7 well-developed buds.

Whatever vaccination method is chosen, the technique is the same for everyone:

1. The grafting site is tied with polyethylene or insulating tape.
2. Open areas are treated with garden varnish.
3. The joints must be protected from moisture penetration, but not overtightened.
4. A month after the kidneys appear, the bandage is loosened.
5. Until complete growth, the hawthorn needs care and attention: protection from direct sunlight, removal of excess branches, prevention of insect pests.

The success of the work will be visible in 30–40 days. If propagation is carried out according to the rules, and the scion quickly takes root, the hawthorn will begin to bear fruit the next year.

Hawthorn is an excellent rootstock for pears. The seedlings grafted on it develop well and bear fruit. In order for a fruit tree to begin bearing fruit, it is necessary to choose the right varieties. The following varieties reproduce well on hawthorn: Talgar beauty, Zolotovorotskaya, Prikarpatskaya, Bere Kyiv, Goverla. They give good growth, begin to immediately form flower buds and bear fruit.

Some varieties, according to gardeners, do not take root on hawthorn. These include: Sonatina, seedless Dricha, 56-25 Vyzhnitsa.

Apple tree cuttings take root best on apple trees, but this does not mean that you cannot use other rootstocks during experiments.

From a genetic point of view, fruit crops are similar to apple trees, so survival rates are high. Grafting on berry trees is considered successful. The combination occurs without difficulty, but vaccinations also have certain limitations and features.

To the apple tree

It is best to cross apple trees with apple trees, the main thing is to take into account the characteristics of the varieties (they may be incompatible). The best grafting results are those whose scion and rootstock belong to the same variety, but the need for the corresponding work is low (they are suitable for propagating local varieties and renewing old crops).

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To propagate a local variety, it is enough to sow the seeds, and the seedlings will grow on their own. The grafting is carried out to accelerate fruiting by approximately two times. Nurseries most often use budding grafting; in other cases, this method of achieving varietal identity is unjustified.

Find out how to pin an apple tree from this material.

Go wild

Often cultivated varieties of apple trees are grafted onto small-fruited ones - these are wild ones, that is, Chinese and Ranetki. Cuttings of southern varieties in the wild overwinter well in northern and central latitudes. Please note that some large-fruited varieties of apple trees are not compatible with wild game - these are Borovinka, Champion, Antonovskaya, Grushovka and others.

The selections are easy to care for, compact, and do not pose any difficulties in harvesting. Not every game is suitable for grafting - the variety should be selected according to a number of indicators.

To the plum

Plum, if all growing conditions are met, begins to bear fruit only after 8 years or more. You can speed up the process by grafting apple trees onto three-year-old seedlings - in this case, the fruits will appear a couple of years after the procedure. Grafting improves the properties of the base variety and increases the taste characteristics of the fruit.

Rowan is a small ornamental tree that grows in all regions of Russia. It produces medicinal fruits, is a honey plant, and can be used as a rootstock for apple trees and a number of other crops. Apple trees on rowan trees do not take root very well, but gardeners are constantly trying to improve this technique.

The culture can withstand frosts down to -50 degrees. The second advantage is the undemanding nature of the soil types used for cultivation. Rowan is used as a low-growing rootstock, which guarantees abundant early harvests. Since the tree has small dimensions, it is possible to plan the land area of ​​the site with maximum accuracy. Grafting apple trees onto rowan usually does not affect the tasting characteristics of the fruit.

On the hawthorn

Hawthorn is a very valuable rootstock. It has strong wood, good frost resistance, and due to its strong root system it is not afraid of droughts. A hedge made from this plant will reliably protect a summer cottage or estate from uninvited guests. You can cut beautiful shapes from bushes - a ball, a triangle, etc.

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Apple and quince trees grafted onto hawthorn take root normally, but poor growth and small fruits with tasteless pulp may also form.

To the pear

The apple tree on the pear tree takes root well and produces high yields. This procedure is most often carried out by owners of small gardens who want to grow the maximum number of varieties in a limited space. Use scions with 2-3 buds, make the lower cut oblique and the upper cut straight. Make sure that the cutting and the branch it is grafted onto are approximately the same thickness - this will allow you to accurately align the cambium. Read about the features and characteristics of the Kumato tomato variety here.

The connection area is tightly wrapped with tape, the cut of the cutting at the top is treated with garden pitch and copper sulfate. Cuttings that were grafted near the base of a branch or branch do not form dense wood, so it is advisable to place the first grafted cutting at a distance of at least 45 cm from the base of a large branch or trunk. The survival rate of a correctly administered vaccination is quite high and ranges from 80%. In the third year after engraftment, the branches begin to bear fruit.

Read about the use of iron sulfate for apple trees in the spring in this article.

To the birch

Fruit trees are grafted onto birch, but the results of such experiments rarely live up to expectations. When cross-grafting, remember that the results of such propagations are short-lived compared to crops that were obtained from the same variety. To tie the grafting material, be sure to use threads or linden washcloth, durable films, and compressed oilcloth. After tying the grafting, the oilcloth is not loosened, since it itself stretches as the plant grows and then bursts.

To the plum

Tree grafting technology allows gardeners to independently breed new varieties and grow trees that grow different fruits. Vaccinations are performed in different ways and require strict adherence to technology (otherwise you simply will not achieve the desired results). Work can be carried out using root shoots and seedlings.

Every gardener would like the trees on his plot to please him every year with an abundant and high-quality harvest, never grow old, and any variety he likes to take root easily and quickly. It is quite possible to make all these dreams come true if you are an expert in grafting fruit crops. Let's look into the nuances of this subtle and very fascinating matter.

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The main rule of breeders is to graft like onto like. In this case, a successful result is guaranteed, since intraspecific vaccinations always grow together easily and bear fruit well.

The desired result can be obtained not only by crossing varietal and wild quince, but also in tandem with interspecific specimens. Recently, gardeners have been experimenting more and more, grafting pear trees onto quince.

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This combination is attractive due to the special taste characteristics of the fruit, which become more pronounced. It is almost impossible to achieve this when fused with wild animals.

Grafting an apple tree onto a rowan tree - experiments in the garden

Rowan is a low ornamental tree that grows almost throughout the entire territory of our country. It has medicinal fruits, is a honey plant, and is also used as a rootstock for some crops, including apple trees.

Despite the fact that apple trees do not always readily take root on mountain ash , gardeners continue to practice and improve this method.

Why did the mountain ash deserve so much attention?

• Its first and main quality is frost resistance. Rowan is considered one of the most resistant fruit trees to temperature changes. According to some data, it can withstand up to -50°C.
• The second important advantage is its unpretentiousness to soils. But it will feel best on dry or medium-moist soils.
• Rowan is used as a low-growing rootstock, which ensures a much earlier and more abundant harvest . The small dimensions of the tree will allow you to rationally plan the land area of ​​the site.
• Grafting an apple tree onto a rowan tree, as a rule, does not affect the tasting qualities of the fruit .

As you can see, the value of rowan as a rootstock is great.

What is important to consider when grafting onto other trees

Wild trees can be used as rootstock, but after transplanting into the garden they need to be given a couple of years to take root. The same can be said about transplanting a crop from one place on the site to another.

Rules for successful vaccinations:

1. Choose healthy young trees - up to 15 years for pears, up to 20 for apple trees, up to 12 for plums. The younger the tree, the better the grafting will be.
2. Varieties that finish their growing season late are not grafted onto early ripening ones. Summer ones are grafted onto summer ones, winter ones into winter ones, autumn ones into summer ones, autumn ones into summer ones and into autumn ones.
3. Be sure to consider the compatibility of varieties.
4. Before grafting, carry out sanitary and anti-aging pruning of old apple trees.
5. The diameter of the grafted branches should not exceed 8-10 cm, the branches that grow inside the crown are left, the skeletal ones are grafted at a distance of 100 cm from the trunk or a little less.
6. The buds on the grafted cuttings should be dormant. Before starting work, the material cut in advance is immersed in water for a couple of hours.
7. Grafted trees need to be watered regularly, otherwise the movement of sap in the crown will end early and the scions will not take root.
8. In order for the grafted branch to bear fruit well, select the correct length of the cutting (the apple tree should have about 6-8 buds).

You can replant a tree for rootstock, but in this case it will take time for it to take root. Chokeberry is used as a rootstock for growing dwarf trees, game or quince is used for pears. Rootstocks should be taken young and healthy - a weakened, diseased tree will grow, but the main forces will be spent on restoration, not merging.

Read about pruning dwarf apple trees here.

Is it possible to graft an apple tree onto a red rowan?

The compatibility of rowan with apple tree is not as high as, for example, with pear or chokeberry. Often the grafted material does not take root or dies later.

Therefore, whether to experiment is an individual decision. When taking it, it is worth weighing the pros and cons . Let's list the positive aspects:

• The waiting time for fruiting is significantly - in 2-3 years the tree will be pleased with the first apples.
• In a short time, the variety you like will appear on the site.
• Grafting several varieties of apple trees onto one rowan will save territory and diversify the harvest .
• The opportunity to give a second life to your favorite apple tree if for any reason its trunk is injured.

So, if there are more pros than cons, we can continue.

Vaccination dates

When grafting an apple tree onto a rowan tree in the crown , it is necessary to take into account the ripening time of the rowan tree and the grafted apple tree variety.

• Rowan ripens by the end of August or early September . Accordingly, autumn varieties such as “China Long” or “Bellefleur-Chinese” will be an excellent company for her.
• Harvesting apple tree cuttings is carried out from February to March , at a temperature of at least 10 degrees below zero.
• The beginning of sap flow in fruit trees most often occurs in mid-spring . You can get ahead of this by prying the tree bark with a knife. Easily separated bark, along with the cambium layer, is the first sign of the tree’s readiness for further work.

Selection experiments by Michurin and Yakovlev and results

Breeders have repeatedly attempted interfamily grafting and achieved good results. At the beginning of the 20th century, L. Daniel grafted roses onto oak, grapes onto roses, and spruce onto linden. In the 20s, Michurin and Yakovlev tried to graft lemon cuttings onto a pear tree. Reverse grafting showed that the grown cuttings acquired the properties of the rootstock - the pears stopped shedding their leaves for the winter. Since apple and pear trees belong to the same family, the trees are viable and tolerate winters normally. Apple trees and lemons need to be crossed and grown in greenhouse conditions.
The desire to improve different crops and curiosity became the main reason for the appearance of southern varieties of apple trees on winter-hardy rootstocks.

What is she like, Chinese?

As mentioned above, only a plum-leaved apple tree can be grafted onto a rowan tree. Such apple trees are quite frost-resistant and are often used as a rootstock.

This category includes small-fruited varieties. In Siberia and the Far East, an apple tree grows, not exceeding 1 cm and resembling berries.

There are also quite large fruits, which are not typical for the Chinese. Thus, Bellefleur apples reach 200 grams.

However, the average diameter of a Chinese fruit is 5 cm. Despite its small size, these are quite tasty fruits, popularly called “paradise apples.” They are widely used in cooking and fully justify their name.

How to graft an apple tree onto a rowan tree?

Let us give as an example the three most popular crown grafting methods , saying a few words about the conditions for their use.

• Improved copulation - this method is only possible if the apple tree branch is comparable to the diameter of the mountain ash at the grafting site.
• Grafting into a cleft is suitable provided that the rootstock is no more than three times thicker than the apple tree cutting.
• Grafting behind the bark - used if the rootstock is significantly larger in diameter.

Berry bushes on a trunk

Such unusual berry trees attract the attention of even those people who are indifferent to any plants. Most often in gardens you can find standard chokeberry (up to 3 m high), but standard forms of gooseberries and currants look more exotic. This effect can only be achieved through grafting, since shaping does not bring the desired results due to the abundant growth and fragility of the branches.

These small trees not only bear fruit well, but also look very decorative. They ripen large, clean and juicy berries.

It is recommended to graft gooseberries and currants onto a 2-3-year-old golden currant seedling. You can buy it at a specialized nursery or grow it yourself from seeds that are sown in the fall. Grafting should be done in the spring with cuttings prepared in the fall and the method of improved copulation should be used for this.

What is needed to graft an apple tree?

Using the copulation method:

• We select a skeletal branch on the rowan tree on which we make an oblique cut.
• Having retreated a third of its length, we split the branch.
• Having treated the apple tree stalk in a similar way, we cut it off, leaving only three buds.
• Having connected the rootstock with the scion, carefully wrap it with film.
• After that, we treat the upper cut on the cutting with varnish.

• Rowan grafted onto an apple tree into a split. The rowan branch is cut perpendicular to the axis and split to a depth of 4 cm. The apple tree stalk is cut in half and a wedge is made on each. Having connected both wedges to the split, we check whether the edges of the bark are aligned. We process the graft in the same way, using film.
• To graft an apple tree by the bark , select a thick rowan branch and cut it perpendicularly. We make several cuts on the bark, and the cuttings are cut diagonally. Having inserted the cuttings into the cracks, we process the grafting site.

What types of vaccinations are carried out and when?

The following types can be considered the most suitable for grafting onto rowan: in a split and in a side cut.

In the first case, the trunk of the rootstock is split and scion cuttings are inserted into the gap. This method is possible even for novice gardeners, as it has a high survival rate and does not require special preparatory work. It is only important to ensure that the cuttings protrude slightly above the split and press tightly against the inner layer of wood, and to protect all open areas by covering them with garden varnish. With this method, it is not even necessary to wrap the plant, but for reliability you can do it.

For the first two weeks, it is advisable to provide the grafted tree with shade.

In the second case, no special manipulations are required either. On a cutting with several buds (usually 2–3), make a cut three times the diameter of the branch itself. Then they cut on the other side to get a double-sided wedge. A deep cut is made on the rootstock, up to the cambium, at an acute angle (15–30 degrees) and a scion is inserted into it, wrapped with twine, a special grafting tape or cling film for fastening. It is important to monitor the position of the bud so that growth goes in the right direction .

After 2–3 weeks you can already see whether the cutting will take root or not, the binding is removed at 4–5 weeks, and after 6–8 the final result is clear. Thickening at the grafting site indicates that full compatibility could not be achieved. Then you can try to repeat the experiment. If spinning branches appear, it is not recommended to cut them all off; several shoots are left to protect the graft from the wind.

The optimal result is achieved by grafting performed in early spring at the very beginning of sap flow, while cuttings are prepared two weeks before the procedure and stored in a cool place, grafted onto the rootstock for 2–3 years of life. But it is possible to achieve good survival rate and summer scions using green cuttings, both in the fall and even in winter on an unplanted rootstock - in this case, the grafting is carried out in a cold but frost-free room (at a temperature of 18–20 degrees), and the root system of the future seedling is covered with moist soil or sawdust , in the spring it is planted in open ground.

Chokeberry grafted onto an apple tree

Chokeberry , better known as chokeberry. It is as unpretentious and frost-resistant as red rowan, but grows in the form of a highly branching shrub.

In order to form chokeberry into a tree, it is grown on a trunk.

Grafting onto a bush is theoretically possible, but after some time, they outgrow, become old, and as a result they break off.

Considering that an apple tree and a rowan tree are already not the best union , there is no point in such breeding work.

Useful videos

In this video - grafting an apple tree onto a rowan tree. Growing apple trees in the North:

See the agronomist's advice on how to vaccinate an apple tree:

Video instructions on how to graft an apple tree into a split:

Watch the video on how to properly care for apple tree grafts:

Grafting an apple tree onto a rowan tree is a necessary and interesting task. The result of successful experiments is a rich garden, pleasing with diversity.

Each successfully grafted twig is an irreplaceable experience for the gardener. And the main thing is to have patience, you can’t have enough of it in this difficult field.

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