Application of fertilizer Baikal Em 1: effect of the drug, pros and cons of use, dosage

What composition do EM preparations have?

Already from the name “Baikal EM-1”, we can say that the preparation contains effective microorganisms. The fertilizer is concentrated and goes on sale in the form of a liquid containing large quantities of beneficial microorganisms, namely:

• bacteria that carry out photosynthesis;
• a group of lactic acid bacteria that limit the spread of microorganisms hostile to the plant;
• yeast - have a positive effect on the growth rate of horticultural crops and at the same time serve as environmental stabilizers.

A distinctive feature of all drugs labeled EM is that they are completely safe for the environment, and the described feeding also has a fairly economical cost.

In crop production, effective microorganisms have gained popularity for processing organic compounds and quickly restoring the fertile layer. This useful property allows you to successfully grow the same types of plants in the same place for several years without loss of yield.

Thanks to the beneficial microorganisms that make up Baikal, the soil is loosened, which has a beneficial effect on the growth rate of garden crops, flowering and fruitfulness. The use of such fertilizers helps to increase the amount of necessary nutrients for the plant. At the same time, hostile bacteria are suppressed and the protection of green spaces from various diseases is increased.

Note to the gardener. Unlike some other fertilizers, EM preparations do not affect the quality and benefits of the crop and even protect the beneficial properties of the product during winter storage. Fertilizer type "Baikal" can be used from the beginning of gardening work until its completion.

What is Baikal EM fertilizer

Baikal EM is a liquid natural fertilizer, which contains nitrogen-fixing, photosynthetic, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and their metabolic products. This brown translucent solution with a characteristic kefir-mushroom odor is widely used in animal husbandry and agriculture.

Baikal contains special microorganisms that can suppress putrefactive processes and destroy some types of pathogenic fungi. Therefore, it is often used to eliminate unpleasant odors in toilets, on livestock farms and for wastewater treatment.

How to prepare the drug for use

The most convenient and frequently used method of applying the solution is to dilute the fertilizer in water. As for concentration, it all depends on the purpose of use. When watering garden crops and soil, “Baikal” is diluted at the rate of 1:1000 (where 1 is the amount of fertilizer, and 1000 is the amount of water). Depending on the condition of the plants, the concentration can be increased. Such fertilizing will also be useful for the green “inhabitants” of apartments; here the solution is prepared at 1:100; a similar system is used when the volume of the soil layer is limited.

To prepare the solution, you need to stock up on settled spring water or boiled water. To obtain 10 liters you will need 1 spoon of concentrated fertilizer (10 ml) and one spoon of any sweet mass (molasses, honey or jam can be used) per bucket of water. You can use the fertilizer immediately after preparation, but experienced gardeners recommend waiting 24 hours so that the beneficial bacteria can better perform their function.

Release form and composition of the fertilizer

EM stands for “effective microorganisms.” The idea of ​​using this technology came from Japan and is an integral part of the “organic farming” system.

Baikal EM-1 is a microbiological fertilizer. There are 2 types of concentrated preparations for sale:

• liquid (100, 250, 500, 1000 ml) – produced by EM-Kooperatsiya LLC;
• royal (30, 40 ml) – produced by EM-Cooperation LLC and the ARGO company.

In the latter, beneficial bacteria are in a phase of suspended animation. The drug must first ripen.

The composition of the Baikal fertilizer includes strains of many microorganisms:

1. lactic acid – cleanse the soil of harmful substances, process plant residues;
2. nitrogen-fixing – prevent the leaching and evaporation of nitrogen, ensure rapid growth of garden crops;
3. photosynthetic - produce useful elements using solar energy and heat. Thanks to their activity, the number of saprophytic and mycorrhizal fungi increases, converting minerals into accessible compounds;
4. Saccharomyces yeasts are natural antibiotics. Prevent the occurrence of diseases, enrich the soil with proteins, amino acids and phytohormones;
5. actinomycetes - take part in the decomposition of humus, mineralize sparingly soluble organic substances.

The liquid concentrate contains waste products from microorganisms and the nutrient medium in which they developed.

1 liter of Baikal EM-1 fertilizer contains about 1 billion bacteria.

Methods of application

As mentioned above, before using Baikal, it must be diluted with water. In gardening work, fertilizing is used according to the following principle:

• To increase germination, fertilizer is applied to the soil at the beginning of spring work, at the moment when the soil layer warms up to +12 degrees. This requirement was invented for a reason; lower temperatures lead to the death of beneficial bacteria;
• autumn soil treatment involves using a solution in a different concentration, namely 1:100. The selected place needs to be dug up, organic fertilizers applied and then Baikal used in the amount of three liters per 1 square meter of area;
• Fruit trees and shrubs also need fertilizing, especially to gain green foliage. EM preparations are used for spraying with a solution of 1:2000, and the stem parts are also treated;
• The product is suitable for applying to the soil during loosening, not only in the spring months, but also all year round. For this purpose, a solution of 1:1000 is suitable, which is used after six hours of infusion;
• "Baikal" is widely used for making compost. Here we take any organic waste, fresh soil and the drug itself diluted 1:100. The ingredients are placed in layers and the compost heap is filled with solution.

How to use Baikal EM on a personal plot

In amateur gardening and gardening, Baikal EM finds the most versatile use. Seeds are soaked in it before sowing, added to the soil in autumn and spring, seedlings and adult plants are fed (both at the root and along the leaves), and the compost is also watered to speed up its maturation.

For instructions on using Baikal EM1 on the site, see below.

That is, for soaking seeds and cuttings, a dilution of 1:2000 is required, for root and foliar feeding - 1:1000, for cultivating the soil, preparing compost, watering the soil in spring and autumn and disinfecting the greenhouse - 1:100. By the way, one green cap of Baikal contains 8 milliliters of the drug, that is, to water a watering can with a volume of 8-10 liters, it is enough to add just one full cap.

When using this fertilizer, you must also follow a number of rules:

1. The temperature of the water for preparing the working solution, as well as the air and soil when applying it, must be at least +15 degrees (including night hours). Such weather in most regions of our country occurs only in the second half of June (and then in the best case).
2. Simultaneously with the biofertilizer, any plant residues - semi-decomposed wood waste, grass without seeds, pulled out weeds, as well as tops of cultivated plants - must be applied to the garden bed (mulched or buried to a shallow depth). After all, bacteria need food in the form of organic matter - without it, the effect of watering the soil with Baikal will be minimal.
3. Before applying the solution, the soil is slightly moistened and loosened (for example, with a Fokin flat cutter).
4. The prepared solution cannot be stored for more than one day.
5. It is also important to follow the recommended dosages and frequency of treatments, since excessive use of even such a “light” fertilizer will not benefit either the soil or the plants.

How to soak seed material

To make seeds germinate faster, “Baikal” is used as a means for soaking. The drug can be used for virtually all seeds, with the exception of material with a nutrient film and radishes. The recommended time for this procedure is 6 – 12 hours. After the seeds have been in the solution, they will need to be dried and only then planted.

For bulbous crops, the duration of keeping in the solution is from 12 to 14 hours, they will also need to be dried.

Good to know. It is best to dry the bulbs intended for planting in the shade. Tubers of crops such as potatoes and dahlias are soaked twice. The first time is up to two hours, then the material is ventilated for an hour, then again immersed in the solution for another hour, and only after that it is planted in the chosen place.

"Baikal EM-1" in a compost heap

To effectively convert compost into humus, 3 conditions are necessary:

1. sufficient humidity (65-75%);
2. oxygen access;
3. active activity of microorganisms.

If there are no problems with the first and second, then “Baikal” is used to complete the third. Mature compost can be obtained within 3-4 months after laying, while without catalysts it takes 2-3 years to process raw materials.

Benefits for seedlings

In this case, it is necessary to use the drug in a ratio of 1:2000. It is recommended to prepare fertilizing after the first shoots appear, and to spray young plantings on the third day. For the initial stage, treatment takes place at intervals of once every 3 days, then the time increases to 5 days.

Interesting fact. Not all plants will thrive in low light conditions. “Baikal” helps to cope with this problem by accelerating the development of culture by 20%. Interestingly, thanks to feeding, the seedlings do not outgrow and can be transplanted to a new place without any fear that the plant will die.

Before planting seed material in the selected container, it is recommended to pre-treat the walls of the box (unless, of course, peat cups or other similar material are selected) with a solution of the drug at a rate of 1:100.

Use of “Baikal EM-1” in everyday life

Using “Baikal EM-1” in everyday life is your small contribution to improving the ecology of the planet!

The Baikal EM-1 preparation can effectively and permanently clean furniture: prepare a solution of Baikal EM-1 in a ratio of 1:500. Remove bedding, blankets and feather beds from the bed or sofa, spray the furniture over the entire surface, especially lingering in hard-to-reach places. Let the furniture dry for some time and vacuum it thoroughly, as... microscopic mites and pathogenic microorganisms will die, and particles of their cells will remain on the furniture, which are a good breeding ground for the living creatures themselves. After this, you will immediately notice that the furniture will become lighter, and it will be much more pleasant to sleep on it. The air around you will be cleaner; when you bury yourself in your pillow, you will not breathe any “living creatures”, but will inhale beneficial microorganisms that protect you from viruses.

Pillows: while it’s warm outside during the day, use “Baikal EM-1” to clean them - thoroughly spray the feather pillows with the solution of the preparation, take them out and dry them - they will completely stop smelling of anything and will become as light as feathers. Microorganisms will work from the inside and will not allow mites to develop, and the pillow will remain dry for a long time - since microorganisms absorb some of the moisture.

Bed linen: lightly moistened with a solution of “Baikal EM-1” from a spray bottle is much easier to iron, especially if you added a little solution when washing, since the drug in this case acts as a softening enzyme, which prevents damage to the fabric by the bleaching components of the powder and cleans item against organic stains. “Baikal EM-1” is also used to cleanse old stains. To do this, you need to moisten the area of ​​contamination before washing with the Baikal EM-1 solution and leave for 30-60 minutes. Then wash as usual.

Wardrobe for storing linen. Everyone probably notices that things that have been in the closet for a long time take on a certain and often unpleasant odor. I would like to at least air them out and at least wash them. But some of the things are not washable. What can you do in this case? To prevent the appearance of unpleasant odors during storage, before putting things in the closet, empty it of its contents and spray it thoroughly with a solution of “Baikal EM-1” (1:500), let it dry and put your wealth back. At the same time, analyze whether it is worth storing this or that sweater, which may contain moths or already contain mite larvae.

Fur products: they are not cheap, but they get dirty just like artificial ones, and sometimes even more. Dry cleaning of products is sometimes quite expensive, and it still ends up ruining them. On fur products - hats, collars, fur coats, to clean them from organic contaminants and mites, you need to spray a solution of “Baikal EM-1” (1:100), wrap them in film for a day or two. Then unwrap, dry and shake well. The products will become much lighter and lighter - with the help of EM you will get rid of a large amount of “living creatures” that develop on the organic dirt of fur products and you will clean them very easily, and also save on dry cleaning.

The same applies to leather products, collars, jackets, jackets, trousers, etc. Just do not water them with the Baikal EM-1 solution too much so that the product does not become deformed! The same recommendations apply to shoes - after treatment, odors will disappear and your feet will be less tired!

When wiping doors, TV, computer, you must use “Baikal EM-1” (100 ml per 10 liters of water). Microorganisms will prevent rapid contamination by creating a certain ionic layer that helps repel dust and purify indoor air.

Wallpaper or heavy curtains that are not washed very often always contain quite a large amount of dust. From time to time, spraying them with the preparation “Baikal EM-1” you can safely clean them, without disturbing the ecology of the air in your apartment.

Every housewife knows that an unpleasant odor may appear in the refrigerator; in order to prevent its occurrence, you can add a little of the drug (20 ml per 2 liters) to the water used to wash the refrigerator and the odors will not stagnate in the home storage of food supplies.

“Baikal EM-1” can be used as an effective air purifier: microorganisms have a very good ability to localize the smell of soot from the kitchen, tobacco, and clean the air from dust particles and microscopic dust mites and saprophytes. The drug ionizes the air, creating a forest atmosphere in the room and saturating it with oxygen. It is very effective to do this before bed; you will not leave the bedroom for 6-8 hours, and you will only exhale carbon dioxide. The same can be done before guests arrive, in the kitchen, to get rid of the smell of a slightly burnt pie or oil dripping onto the tile.

If you have a dog sleeping in the hallway or a cat litter box, then first of all the air needs to be treated there, paying special attention to the entrance mat.

Thanks to the use of Baikal EM-1, your place of residence can turn into an amazing world, similar to a forest clearing, untouched by toxic chemicals.

“Baikal EM-1” will carefully clean your home of contaminants and create comfort that brings health.

Tricks for making compost using Baikal

First of all, you need to start preparing the base, which includes any organic matter:

• weeds;
• vegetable tops;
• straw;
• flour;
• wood shavings;
• grain waste.

It is important to make sure that all components are crushed as thoroughly as possible. By the way, the quality and nutritional value of the fertilizer is also affected by the quantity of ingredients. Top dressing, in this case, is diluted with water at the rate of 1 glass per 10-liter bucket. After all the components have been laid, it is necessary to add the solution, mix thoroughly, cover with polyethylene and leave for 21 days. After this period, excellent organic fertilizer can be used for its intended purpose.

Efficacy of the drug and reviews of use

Reviews from summer residents about the use of “Baikal EM-1” are only admiring:

“With Baikal EM-1 I forgot about all other fertilizers. There is no point in them - the bacteria themselves build the earth, all I can do is give them food in time. Throughout the summer I mulch the beds with grass and water them with Baikal. The soil has become loose, black, lumpy, like black soil!” (Natalia, Serpukhov).

The effectiveness of this drug is confirmed by the high demand for it. It is indispensable for processing greenhouses, where normal crop rotation is difficult and rapid depletion and intoxication of the soil usually occurs.

“Our observations and analyzes have shown that when a solution of the drug “Baikal EM-1” at a dose of 1 liter per 1 m2, it improves the agrochemical composition of the soil. The content of available nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus increases. The microbiological health of the soil remains within normal limits. The overall crop yield increases by 10-15%.”

M.A. Shamovskaya, agronomist

Thus, “Baikal EM-1” helps to avoid such a difficult and expensive procedure as periodic replacement of greenhouse soil.

What is the advantage of the EM drug over other drugs?

Summing up, we can safely conclude that the drug described here is beneficial and highly effective. The main positions can be found below:

• the drug has a stimulating effect on the physiological processes occurring in plants at the cellular level. This, in turn, accelerates the growing season; earlier fruit set and, accordingly, ripening occurs;
• promotes retention of useful components in the soil layer;
• participates in the dissolution of fertilizers of organic and mineral composition, making them more easily accessible for the assimilation of garden crops;
• helps accelerate the germination of seed material;
• has a beneficial effect on the natural protection of plants from diseases, frosts and adverse weather conditions;
• serves as an improver of taste characteristics and quality of the crop.

As a conclusion, we can say the following: thanks to the use of “Baikal”, the gardener has the opportunity to obtain several harvests from the crops grown. The versatility of the fertilizer allows it to be applied to all plants, both garden and indoor.

Advantages of using Baikal EM

If all the above conditions are met and with a little luck, as a result of the comprehensive use of Baikal EM at your dacha you will receive:

• strengthening plant immunity to rot, scab and wireworm;
• reducing the need to add mineral water;
• improving the taste of fruits and vegetables by increasing the content of vitamins and sugars in them;
• acceleration of crop ripening by 1.5-2 weeks;
• reducing the content of nitrates, heavy metals and other “harmful” substances in fruits, berries and fruits;
• a noticeable increase in the yield of any garden and vegetable crops;
• comprehensive improvement in the quality of the soil on the site - over time it becomes super loose and fertile.

Mechanism of action of the microbiological preparation

The bacteria of the biological product, entering the soil, multiply in it, produce enzymes, vitamins, amino acids, all these substances have a positive effect on growing and developing plants.

Preparation Baikal:

• activates soil microflora;
• promotes the accumulation of useful substances in the soil;
• supports the fertility of all types of soil and its restoration;
• increases the nitrogen content in the soil, which is fixed by bacteria;
• reduces the consumption of mineral fertilizers;
• accelerates the processing of organic matter;
• prevents soil compaction;
• inhibits the growth of weeds;
• protects the soil from the negative effects of mineral fertilizers.

In addition, after its use, root growth accelerates, the onset of flowering, the volume of the ovary increases, the fruiting time extends, and the plant's resistance to diseases increases.

Storage conditions

The solution prepared from the concentrate does not lose its nutritional properties for quite a long time. It can be stored for about six months, and the undiluted drug can be stored for a whole year at temperatures up to 15 degrees.

At the time of purchase, it is necessary to request a guarantee and a certificate of product conformity, as more and more fakes of Baikal are appearing on the market. It is better to purchase it in large specialized garden stores.

Reviews about the drug

On the Internet you can find many positive reviews from customers who used Baikal EM-1 in their garden plots.

Veronica:

“Baikal EM-1” is indispensable for me both at the dacha and at home. It is environmentally friendly and nourishes the soil well. I dilute the drug with water, the proportions depend on the application. I use it for treating seeds, creating compost, and preparing root nutrition. The soil becomes loose and healthy. With the help of the solution I fight stubborn weeds, and at home I fertilize the soil in pots with flowers. In the summer I periodically feed the plants, and in the fall I water the shrubs. Everything is growing great! I recommend it.

Olga:

We use fertilizers often and buy something new every year. A colleague advised me to try Baikal EM-1. It was a bit expensive, but the results were worth the price. We fed tomatoes and cucumbers with it and got an excellent harvest. I was very impressed with the drug. Helped quickly get rid of late blight.

Alexander:

At first I didn’t believe my neighbors’ reviews about the product, but still decided to buy it. In the fall, I put all the leaves and tops left from harvesting in the greenhouse, poured it with a solution and covered it with film. After 3 weeks, I dug up the ground and in the spring I planted tomatoes, peppers and cucumbers on the prepared beds. Imagine my surprise when I began to pick a whole bucket of selected fruits from one bush. Now I use the product every year.

For what crops can it be used?

The product is used for all types of plants, vegetables, trees and bushes, as well as flowers grown in the garden and indoors. Baikal EM1 can be used to spray adult plants and seedlings, water them, and soak seeds in it. It is suitable for use in open ground beds and greenhouses. There are no restrictions in the use of the drug Baikal EM1 for various growing methods.